1. The Square Deal
Roosevelt’s agenda for the country – “a Square Deal for all” involved progressive legislation: control corporations consumer protection conservation of natural resources
In 1902 Roosevelt ordered the break up of the massive Northern Securities Company and in 1904 he was supported by the Supreme Court which ordered the company dissolved
When coal miners in Pennsylvania went on strike in 1902 Roosevelt called both sides to a conference at the White House

2. Roosevelt was not going to let the coal shortage affect the country
The mine owners refused to talk to the unions – a move which only angered the president
Nothing was decided at the meeting so Roosevelt threatened to take over the mines and run them with the army
It is questionable if Roosevelt had the authority to use the army, but the threat was more than enough to break the impasse
The strike ended later that year

3. Muckrakers
Exposing social problems became a common practice after the turn of the century especially in magazines like Collier’s and Cosmopolitan
These writers were dubbed muckrakers
Despite criticism from the White House the sale of books and magazines that exposed filth, crime, and corruption boomed
In 1902 a reporter, Lincoln Steffens wrote in McClure’s about the seedy connections between big business and local government in “The Shame of the Cities”

4. The majority of Progressive were middle-class people who felt stuck between the rich and the poor
They represented all political affiliations and all regions of the country
One of their first moves was to take the political power away from the party bosses
They demanded voter referendums so legislation could be passed without input from the often-corrupt legislatures
The Seventeenth Amendment (1913) established direct elections for the Senate to eliminate the influence of big business

5. Robert La Follette
A leading figure in the Progressive movement was Robert La Follette of Wisconsin
As governor La Follette had made the state a ‘laboratory of reform”
He took on the lumber and railroad companies and created the “Wisconsin Idea”
His main aim was to create a government of experts who would then run the state based on progressive principles

6. Regulating Industry
The Interstate Commerce Commission (1887) had proved inadequate to regulate the railroads
Equally the Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890) did little to stop the power of the major industries
Roosevelt created the Department of Commerce in 1903, which was authorized to investigate businesses which involved interstate commerce
In 1903 the Elkins Act imposed fines on railroads that gave and offered rebates and special deals
The Hepburn Act of 1906 removed the free passes

7. Conservation
In 1881 Congress created the Division of Forestry as part of the Department of agriculture
Roosevelt appointed Gifford Pinchot as forestry chief
To help protect the environment and maintain the forests Roosevelt added fifty wildlife refuges and five national parks
Roosevelt vehemently opposed industrialists who wanted to strip the country of natural resources

8. Upton Sinclair
In 1906 Upton Sinclair published The Jungle which exposed the atrocious problems faced by the workers and the unsanitary conditions in the plants
When Roosevelt read the book he was sickened and appointed a special commission to investigate the meatpacking plants
In 1906 he passed the Meat Inspection Act, which required meat that was shipped over state line to be inspected before shipping
The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 was to prevent mislabeling of foods and drugs

9. Panic of 1907
As Roosevelt called for more legislation against big business so he became less desirable as a presidential candidate for the Republicans
In 1907 an economic crisis hit Wall Street as banks closed and people defaulted on their loans
The crisis was blamed on Roosevelt who had interfered with the workings of Wall Street
In return Roosevelt blamed wealthy individuals who, he said, had manipulated the situation
Thankfully the crisis was short but it did allow some fiscal reform

10. The crisis made everyone aware that money needed to be available to prevent future panics
In 1908 Congress passed the Aldrich-Vreeland Act, which gave the national banks the power to issue emergency currency

11. The Election of 1908
Roosevelt probably would have won in 1908 if he had chosen to run, but he had promised in 1904 to step aside
Roosevelt selected William Howard Taft as his successor, confident in the fact that Taft would simply continue his agenda
The Democrats nominated the twice-beaten William Jennings Bryan
Both men tried to persuade the public that they were progressives
The Socialist picked Eugene V. Debs who came third but gained nearly half a million votes

12. Young Teddy
Childhood struggles
Teddy’s illnesses

13. Teenager Teddy Works hard in his father’s home gym
Overcomes illnesses through the strength of his will

14. TR: The Athlete
Harvard years
Sculling and boxing

15. Roosevelt at Harvard
Roosevelt’s “classroom”
education

16. Early Adult Years 1881 – Climbing the Matterhorn
Death of mother and wife
Retreat to the Badlands

17. Life in the Badlands Learned lessons in the Badlands
“Took the snob out of me”
Love of the open land
Shaped future policies

18. TR’s Life with Edith Marriage to Edith
Tales of Teddy Roosevelt and his six children (only five in this picture because Quentin is not yet born)

19. Early Career President of the NYC Board of Police Commissioners
Already a “mover and a shaker” and a friend of the common man

20. Rough Riders Roosevelt as part of this volunteer regiment
Victory at San Juan Hill
Medal of Honor

21. McKinley/Roosevelt Ticket
Roosevelt’s progressive campaign style
Powerful speeches

22. Roosevelt Becomes President
Assassination of McKinley
A “visible president”

23. Origin of “Teddy Bear” The famous bear hunt in 1902
Berryman’s political cartoon

24. Early Presidential Years
Family picture at Sagamore Hill in Oyster Bay on Long Island, New York
Stories of Roosevelt’s enjoyment of his children

25. President Roosevelt in the White House
1903

26. The Bully Pulpit How things “ought to be”
A bully pulpit speech in Evanston, Illinois

27. Roosevelt as Conservationist
National Parks, National Forests, game and bird preserves, and other federal reservations
230,000,000 acres
President Theodore Roosevelt at Yosemite in 1903.

28. Roosevelt and National Parks
"Leave it as it is. You can not improve on it. The ages have been at work on it, and man can only mar it."

29. Panama Canal: Roosevelt’s Most Famous Foreign Policy Initiative
Here TR inspects the canal construction in Panama in 1906.

30. The Square Deal A fair shake for all Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906
Meat Inspection Act of 1906

31. Attack on Laissez Faire
Work to curb the power of trusts "within reasonable limits"
Roosevelt the “Trust Buster”

32. Big Stick Diplomacy
A favorite proverb, "Speak softly and carry a big stick "
What do you think this means?

33. TR Saves Football Meeting of the Big Three
American Football Rules Committee was formed
Rules to make the game less dangerous

34. Presidential Firsts
First to invite an African American to a White House dinner
First to have Secret Service protection
First to win Nobel Peace Prize for his work towards ending the Russo-Japanese War
First to take trip outside the United States

35. More Presidential Firsts
First to give an open invitation to the press
First to be submerged in a submarine, to own a car, to have a telephone in his home, and to be allowed to operate the light switches in the White House

36. Roosevelt Hand Picks Taft
Theodore Roosevelt with incoming President William Howard Taft on Taft's inauguration day in 1909

37. Roosevelt Loses to Wilson
The “Progressive Bull Moose” loses in 1912
Life goes on
Theodore Roosevelt at the wedding of his daughter Ethel to Richard Derby.

38. An Older Theodore Roosevelt
Agony over the death of Quentin in World War I
"Grandfather" Roosevelt hugs baby granddaughter Edith Roosevelt Derby, 1918.

40. most of these cartoons showed Teddy attacking some foe with this physical ability