2. Red, White and Blue: Organizational Fragmentation of the Emergency Response Rooms in Amsterdam Kees Boersma and Pieter Wagenaar VU University Amsterdam

3. Enschede 2000 Amsterdam Bijlmer 1992 Volendam 2001 National Dutch traumas: 1)Emergency Response Rooms lacked integrated communication at the time of these incidents 2)ICT failure

4. Theoretical notions on Urban Safety 1) Level of Society: Beck, Giddens and others - Risk Society: organized in response to risk - Reflexive Modernization: Urban Safety Organizations 2) Level of the City and Urban Space - City management: the organization of the urban space 3) Level of the Organization - Spatial issues - I mplementation of ICTs (Orlikowski)

5. Emergency Response Rooms in Amsterdam Level 1: National and international (urban) disasters Level 2: Since 2007: 25 different Safety Regions in the Netherlands Level 3: Emergency response rooms: - three different disciplines: red (fire brigades), white (medical teams) and blue (police) - co-locations and mergers - new technologies (GMS, CityGIS and C2000)

6. C2000 CityGIS and GMS as Enterprise Systems oConstituting artifacts oShaping organizations oEffects on organizational culture Our leading theoretical framework: Orlikowski’s structuration approach (Giddens) and the understanding of ICT in-use

7. Safety Region ‘Amsterdam Amstelland’ (13)

8. Emergency Response Rooms and technologies in-use

9. C2000, GMS, safety regions and ‘co-location’

10. New systems, their users, management, incidents and training

11. and fear

12. GMS: Integrated Emergency Response Room System

13. CityGIS Amsterdam

14. Net-Centric Work oNet-Centric work as a new concept: open sources, Wiki’s, Web 2.0 oA concept from the Military oThe importance of GRIP oThe importance of CityGIS oScholarly interest since Katrina

15. Net-Centric Work: a concept from the Military

16. Discussion 1) A multi-level analysis: Urban Safety and Emergency Response Rooms 2) Theory and practice: risk society, urban safety, spatial and organizational issues, ICT in-use 3) Dutch/Amsterdam case: - introduction of safety regions - (re)organization of co-locations - implementation of new technologies - paradigm change: net-centric work?