1. Platzhalter für Bild, Bild auf Titelfolie hinter das Logo einsetzen Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ina Schaefer (joint work with Mirco Tribastone and Matthias Kowal) Institute of Software Engineering and Automotive Informatics Technische Universität Braunschweig Cogenhagen, 18 November 2013 Efficient Performance Analysis for Variant-Rich Systems

2. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 2 The Problem with Evolution Scenario  Software system with many variants  Design-time and/or run-time Evolution Types  Anticipated Changes  Unanticipated Changes  Runtime Changes Challenges  Analysis of non-functional properties (performance, reliability)?  Design-time: optimal configuration (e.g. performance/cost trade-off)?  Run-time: SLAs not fulfilled  which configuration to choose?

3. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 3 Project Goals 1.Performance specification and analysis on high level models (e.g., UML) 2.Modeling of variability and evolution at design time and runtime 3.Efficient design time and runtime analysis wrt. quantitative properties 4.Model-based development tool chain for SPS/PLC programming of evolving software families

4. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 4 Solution Approach

5. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 5 Design-Level Modeling T1 T4 T3 T2 T5 Mapping Consistency Workflow Architecture C1 C5 C4 C2 C3 C6 Mapping Consistency Behavioural S1S2 S3 S4

6. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 6 Family-based performance analysis Domain: behavioral models of workflow-type software systems such as  Service-oriented architectures  Automation systems  Data centers  … in general, systems where the focus in on the control flow Why models? To use on-line for prediction/adaptation What models? UML Activity diagrams with performance annotations Problem: The analysis of a model with a given set of parameters cannot be reused to analyze the model with another set Solution: Family-based Symbolic analysis!

7. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 7 UML activity diagrams Performance-annotated activity diagrams Arrival rate of external jobs Service rate Probability

8. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 8 Solution of performance-annotated activity diagrams Markov chains have infinite state-space. Parametric model checking approaches not possible. But they can be analyzed with a matrix of size equal to the number of nodes (Jackson network) Idea: Make this analysis symbolic. One analysis for all possible model variants.

9. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 9 Delta modeling for variant specification Variant 1 Core model

10. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 10 Delta modeling for variant specification (2) Core model Variant 2

11. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 11 Putting it all together: the 150% model A modified rate A removed edge An added edge A core element

12. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 12 Symbolic analysis via matrix solution of the 150% model

13. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 13 Symbolic analysis via matrix solution of the 150% model

14. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 14 Symbolic vs numerical analysis in practice

15. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 15 PPU Case Study Description of 9/15 scenarios as feature model  without cardinalities  without attributes  only significant hardware changes Modelling 9/15 scenarios as activity diagrams  scenario 0 is the delta core  8 scenarios can be achieved using different deltas  with additional performance annotations 9/15 scenarios run on real PPU © by AIS

16. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 16 Prototypical Tool Chain File *.uml *.deltaad *.export PEPA DeltaAD Frame Control Import Add Export © by AIS

17. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 17 Scenario 0 Initial PPU:  Stack, Separator, Crane, Slide  90 degree radius  Just pick and place process  No distinction between workpieces © by AIS

18. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 18 Activity Diagram of Scenario 0

19. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 19 Scenario 3 3 rd PPU:  Stack, Separator, Crane, Slide, Stamp  180 degree radius  Pick, place and stamp process  distinction between workpieces (black/white plastic and metal) © by AIS

20. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 20 Delta

21. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 21 Activity Diagram of Scenario 3

22. 18 November 2013 | Ina Schaefer | Efficient Performance Analysis of Variant-Rich Systems| 22 Conclusion Delta Modeling allows modular representation and automatic generation of variant-rich software, here for automation systems. Family-based Analysis of Performance is more efficient than product- based analysis for large variant spaces. Future Work: Incremental Analysis for Evolving Systems