1. GEOS-5: An ESMF-based Modeling and Assimilation System ESMF Community Meeting 23 May 2006

2. GEOS-5 ESMF DESIGN In GEOS-5 we chose to use a fine-grain component design –– ESMF components are used down to the parameterization level; they must therefore be fairly light-weight. We use a hierarchical topology, using Composite Components, and so we are concerned with the relations (couplings) between parents and children, and between siblings, cousins, etc.

3. Hierarchical Component Structure BASE COMPONENTS COMPOSITE COMPONENTS (“physical” Couplers) “Cap” Small, light-weight gridded components based on GEOS_Generic services “True” couplers Can be generic ESMF Gridded Component ESMF Coupler Component

4. GEOS-5 AGCM COMPONENT STRUCTURE AGCM DYNAMICS GWDFVCORE RADIATION COLUMN PROCESSES SOLAR IR MOIST TURB SURFACE CHEM LAKE SALTWATER CAP (qv, ql, qi, cl,…) (u, v, T, p) (Tc, qc, Td,...) (Ts,Fi...) VEGDYN CATCH HISTORY ICE LAND (Ts,Fi...) (O 3,…,Q dust,…) (T skin,H skin,...)(C i,...) OGCM

5. GEOS-5 SINGLE-COLUMN STRUCTURE AGCM DYNAMICS GWDFVCORE RADIATION COLUMN PROCESSES SOLAR IR MOIST TURB SURFACE CHEM LAKE SALTWATER CAP VEGDYN CATCH HISTORY ICE LAND DYNAMICS SURFACE

6. GEOS-GENERIC: An ESMF Implementation Layer Three major extensions of ESMF concepts: –GEOS Generic provides default Initialize, Run, and Finalize methods and a Generic SetServices to do ESMF “boilerplate” –In GEOS Generic, SetServices is extended to provide data and connectivity services. –GEOS Generic defines an ESMF Internal State A more general version of the GG Implementation Layer is being developed under NASA’s MAP Program

7. GG DATA SERVICES AND THE THREE STATES Data services allow you to describe your import, export and internal states, giving each variable attributes like names, units, dimensionality, usage attributes, grid associations, etc. Import states are read only to you. Export states are read only to others. This allows the passing of pointers rather than copies and so lightens the coupling. GEOS Generic creates, allocates and initializes, as appropriate, variables in all three states, putting them in ESMF classes (Arrays, Fields, Bundles, States) that are used by the infrastructure. Import and Internal states are optionally checkpointed and restarted by Generic Initialize and Generic Finalize.

8. RADIATION COLUMN PHYSICS SOLAR IR CAP MOIST TURBCHEM Exports are passed up from child to parent, until they reach the cap, where they can be written out. Children’s imports are satisfied among by siblings or added to parent’s imports, until the reach the cap. HISTORY GG Connectivity Diagram

9. Increasing resolution improves realism of forecasts of the details in nature 2-day Katrina forecasts GEOS5: MAP Hurricane Forecasting 1 degree resolution 0.5 degree resolution 0.25 degree resolution 1 degree resolution 0.5 degree resolution Verifying Analysis from NOAA/NCEP Precipitation Rate Sea Level Pressure

10. GEOS-5: 1/4 degree forecast Courtesy Xin Lin & Julio Bacmeister Hurricane Katrina (Aug 2005) Accumulated rainfall (mm) The number of Named Atlantic Tropical Storms and Jun-Nov Storm Generation Potential (SGP) from the ensemble mean of 14 C20C simulations. SGP is computed for the area (10-20N; 80-20W). Weather - climate interactions

11. GEOS-5 AGCM APPLICATIONS GEOS-5 AGCM APPLICATIONS DAS mode: 1/2 degree NWP mode 1/4 degree Climate Forecasts: 1 degree

12. Future Directions for GEOS-5 ESMF Implementations Coupled Atmospheric Chemistry & Aerosols –GOCART, GSFC STRAT, GMI (Many participants) Atmosphere-Ocean Coupling –Poseidon (Schopf); MOM-4 (Balaji &Co.); MIT-GCM (Hill) Atmoshere, Land, and Ocean Assimilation Systems –GSI (NCEP); Ocean and Land EnKFs (Keppenne-Rienecker, Reichle) Land BioGeoChemistry and Vegetation Dynamics –Ent Model (Kiang at GISS and Moorcroft at Harvard) Ocean BioGeoChem and Radiation –(W. Gregg, GSFC)

13. GEOS-5 COUPLED CHEMISTRY AGCM COLUMN PROCESSES AEROCHEM DYNAMICS GWDFVCORE CAP HISTORY RADIATION SOLAR IR MOIST TURB SURFACE LAKE SALTWATER VEGDYN CATCH ICE LAND OGCM GOCART GMI GSFC StratChem Pchem DU BC SS SU OC EMISS CHEM DEPOs

14. GEOS-5 Coupled Model CAP HISTORY AGCM GCM OGCM MIT-OGCM OBIO Poseidon ORAD SEA ICE MOM-4 AGCM DYNAMICS GWDFVCORE RADIATION COLUMN PROCESSES SOLAR IR MOIST TURB SURFACE CHEM LAKE SALTWATER VEGDYN CATCH ICE LAND

15. GEOS-5 Stand-Alone Ocean CAP HISTORY AGCM GCM OGCM MIT-OGCM OBIO Poseidon ORAD SEA ICE MOM-4 AGCM DYNAMICS GWDFVCORE RADIATION COLUMN PROCESSES SOLAR IR MOIST TURB SURFACE CHEM LAKE SALTWATER VEGDYN CATCH ICE LAND

16. GEOS5 The GEOS-5 Exchange Grid

17. GEOS-5 Ocean-Atmosphere Communication AGCM ATM LogRec ATM Xchg ATM Xchg OCN Xchg ReDist OGCM OCN LogRec OCN Xchg LOCAL OPERATIONS

18. 18 MERRA http://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/merra/ Michael Bosilovich, Siegfried Schubert & Gi-Kong Kim MERRA Objectives Half-Degree by 72L to.01 mb 1979-present Parallel AMIP run GSI Analysis with IAU EMPHASIS ON WATER CYCLE  Global Precipitation, Evaporation, Land Hydrology, Cloud parameters and TPW GLOBAL HEAT AND WATER BUDGETS FOR ALL PROCESSES DIURNAL CYCLE FROM HOURLY 2-D FIELDS

19. GEOS-5 Data Assimilation Systems CAP HISTORY ADAS DAS AANA AGCM ODAS OANA OGCM GSI OGCM REPLAY EnKF

20. SUMMARY GEOS-5 is a modeling and assimilation system based on many ESMF gridded components. It uses a highly configurable hierarchical architecture with a fine-grain ESMF implementation It relies on an implementation layer (GEOS- Generic) to facilitate the construction and coupling of the ESMF GCs. It is being expanded to include coupled climate, chemistry, and biological processes, and to run on-line, coupled assimilation systems.