1. Btec – Chemistry 1 Lesson 1 – Group 1 Metals
Patterns in the periodic table

2. Starter Activity Use the white boards...
In ONE minute name as many chemicals as you can

3. What are we going to learn?
Essential...
What the periodic table is
That the position of an element in the periodic table can provide information about its electronic structure
Merit grade...
That elements in groups have similar reactions
Be able to predict the reactions of elements in the periodic table
Extension / Distinction...
Reactions of elements can depend on their electronic structure

4. The periodic table

5. Task 1 (10 mins)... In groups look at the periodic table,
Why is water not in the periodic table?
Look at the elements either side of the black zig-zag line – what do you think this line seperates?
Is there any pattern in the numbers that are written by each element? One person from each table can use to help...

6. Demonstration... (Na, Li, K)
Element
Appearance
Reaction with water
Marks out of 10 Na Li K Rb Cs Fr
20 mins

7. We have looked at Li, Na and K Now make predictions for Rb, Cs and Fr

8. Watch DVD and complete table...

9. Patterns in the periodic table
Reactivity
Group 1 elements become more reactive as you go down the group
Make an annotation on your worksheet

10. Watch introduction to periodic table and answer questions...

11. Plenary... In groups – on your white board...
What is the periodic table?
Draw an outline of the Periodic table, indicate a group and a period
What can you say about the reactions of elements in a group?
Were there any mistakes in the DVD?

12. Extension...
Use to find out about the reactions of group 7 elements.
What sort of reactions take place?
Are they similar or different?

13. Not in this lesson...

14. Patterns in the periodic table
It is a bit like gravity
The nucleus of an atom ‘pulls’ and ‘holds’ the electrons in orbit around the nucleus

15. Patterns in the periodic table
The bigger the atom gets, the easier it loses an electron Li K

16. Pattern in the periodic table
So potassium is more reactive than lithium
Francium is the most reactive as it is the largest atom
The nucleus is further away, so the pull is less Li K

17. Pattern in the periodic table
Group 7 elements become less reactive as they go down the group
Why?

18. Pattern in the periodic table
Again it is a bit like gravity
The smaller the atom the easier it gains an electron F Cl

19. Pattern in the periodic table
So Chlorine is less reactive than Fluorine
Astatine is the least reactive in the group as it has the largest atom and the smallest ‘pull’ F Cl

20. Pattern in the periodic table
Group 8 has a full outer shell
It does not want to lose or gain electrons
So they are very un-reactive Ne Ar

21. Boiling points The boiling points of group 1 decrease down the group
The boiling points of group 7 increase down the group

22. Questions
What happens to the boiling point of the metals as you move down group 1
Group 1 atoms want to loose an electron, do you think it would be easier to remove an electron from Lithium or Cs?
What is the most reactive element in group 1?
Group 7 atoms want to gain an electron, which atom would most strongly attract an electron to the ‘gap’ in the outer shell?
Which is the most reactive element in group 7?
Group 8 elements are unreactive, with reference to their electron structure, why is this?

23. Structure of the Nucleus

24. What have we learnt? We have learnt……
That the location of an element in the periodic table can provide information about its electronic structure
That elements in groups have similar reactions
Reactions of elements can depend on their electronic structure

25. Structure of the Nucleus…

27. What the numbers mean…
Big number – Atomic Mass Total number of bits in the nucleus
Small number – Atomic Number Number of protons in the nucleus

28. What is the atomic mass? What is the atomic number?
Look at your periodic tables…
What atom is this… (the red ones are protons)

29. Element
Atomic number
Mass number
Number of protons
Number of neutrons
Number of electrons H 1 He 2 4 Li 3 7 C 6 N 14 O 8 Na 23 11 Mg 12 Cl 17 35 37 Cu 29 63 65

30. Isotopes

31. Name
Protons
Neutrons
electrons 80 Br 35 40 18 17 37

32. Isotopes… Isotopes are identical in their chemical reactions.
This is because they have the same number of protons and the same number of electrons.
The uncharged neutrons make no difference to chemical properties but do affect physical properties such as melting point and density.

33. Today's wonderful activities…
Complete worksheet (Atomic Structure)
Applied science workbook Questions (p.g )

34. Complete worksheet

35. Assignment

36. Assignment… Scenario….
Produce a magazine article for a forensic science magazine.
Make a title page with …
A title (e.g. ‘All about atoms’)
A logo used on the title page and also every other page
‘South West edition’ or similar to show that it’s a local periodical
Date
Price
For the article itself …
text boxes can create columns of text just like a real article in a newspaper or magazine.
Pictures can be hand drawn onto printed sheets or students can cut & stick what they already have
Every page, including the title page must be numbered

37. Grading criteria P1
Describe atomic and electronic structures of elements 1-20, including isotopes, in the periodic table
Grading criteria M1
Describe the patterns and trends of chemical properties of groups 1 and 7 in the periodic table
Grading criteria D1
Explain the patterns and trends within groups 1 and 7 in the periodic table

38. In more detail…
Scenario…. Produce a magazine article for a forensic science magazine. Make a title page with …
A title (e.g. ‘All about atoms’)
A logo used on the title page and also every other page
‘South West edition’ or similar to show that it’s a local periodical
Date
Price

39. P1
Using diagrams, describe the atomic / electronic structures of the first 20 atoms of the periodic table
State the number of protons, neutrons and electrons for each atom
Define isotopes. Draw and describe the 2 atoms of chlorine, showing the number of protons, neutrons and electrons for each atom M1
Relate the number of electrons in the outer shells of group 1 and 7 to their group number. Describe how outer electrons are further from the nucleus as we go down the group
Describe patterns and trends in group 1
Students write a description of the practical to investigate the reactivity of group 7 elements
Describe patterns and trends in group 7 from your results D1
Explain patterns and trends in group 7 according to their atomic structure
Explain patterns and trends in group 1 according to their atomic structure

40. Page from Longman FND book 2 that will help…
138
Using diagrams, describe the atomic / electronic structures of the first 20 atoms of the periodic table
136
State the number of protons, neutrons and electrons for each atom
137
Define isotopes. Draw and describe the 2 atoms of chlorine, showing the number of protons, neutrons and electrons for each atom M1
140
Relate the number of electrons in the outer shells of group 1 and 7 to their group number. Describe how outer electrons are further from the nucleus as we go down the group
152
Describe patterns and trends in group 1
153
Students write a description of the practical to investigate the reactivity of group 7 elements
156
Describe patterns and trends in group 7 from your results D1
Explain patterns and trends in group 7 according to their atomic structure
Explain patterns and trends in group 1 according to their atomic structure

41. Example…
Need a scanned example…