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Provisional Protocol and Research Plan: Non-Residential Lighting Retrofits Regional Technical Forum December 16, 2014 Seems fine to me. (Baker) I like.

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Presentation on theme: "Provisional Protocol and Research Plan: Non-Residential Lighting Retrofits Regional Technical Forum December 16, 2014 Seems fine to me. (Baker) I like."— Presentation transcript:

1 Provisional Protocol and Research Plan: Non-Residential Lighting Retrofits Regional Technical Forum December 16, 2014 Seems fine to me. (Baker) I like it. (Baylon) I really don’t think this is all that bad. (Douglass) I think they incorporated my comments. (Tingleff)

2 The Measure Non-Residential Lighting Retrofits Lots of different building types and space-uses within buildings Lots of different lighting technologies and control strategies Measures include lamp/fixture changes as well as controls – Example 1: Covert T8  LED in an open office space – Example 2: Covert T8  LED and install motion sensors in an open office space Protocol must account for savings due to both lamps/fixtures/ballasts and controls. 2 – Introduction

3 Key Terms (1) Hours of Use (HOU) for a lighting system Burn time, full-power-equivalent hours (3 hours at 50% power is 1.5 HOU) The thing we wish we could always know HOU is measured with loggers and meters during research phase Hours of Operation (HOO) for a space Time spanned by period(s) that typically include activity in the space Easy to collect, often equals business hours, plus time for cleaning, etc. HOO is gathered through site interviews HOU/HOO Ratio Parameter for the mean, or typical value, of the ratio HOU/HOO Estimated through provisional research Values differ by control type (and probably space type) 3 – Introduction

4 Key Terms (2) Lighting System Set of fixtures associated with a single control type and a single space or space type Multiple fixtures in a space may be considered a single system if they share a single control type (e.g., multiple occupancy sensors in open office can be one system) Pre-Existing System: What was there before the project Efficient-Case System: What was there after the project Baseline System: What savings is relative to If Pre-Existing system includes obsolete equipment, then Baseline substitutes current-practice efficiency levels in place of the obsolete equipment. Otherwise, the Baseline system is the same as the Pre-Existing System 4 – Introduction

5 Outline for today Simplified Method Provisional Research Highlighted Areas Decision 5 – Introduction

6 Simplified Method 6 – Simplified Method

7 HOO Interview: Structure 6 – Simplified Method Interview guide asks for Hours of Operation separately for each space in a project… – Space 1: Open office on 4 th floor, – Space 2: Private offices in Suite 400, – Space 3: Hallways Enter number of hours for each day of week Can enter more than one weekly schedule to capture seasonality

8 HOO Interview: Content 8 – Simplified Method Hours of Operation is… – About space usage, not lighting behavior – Coarse, asks questions that are easy to answer – Just a rough correlate to lighting system burn time Interview guide includes instructions and examples.

9 Data Requirements For each affected space: – Hours of Operation (based on interview of building representative) – HVAC type For each lighting system: – Space served by the system – Lamp, fixture, ballast, and control data Types and counts Complete descriptions for both pre-existing and efficient-case systems 9 – Simplified Method

10 Calculation steps 1.Determine baseline system 2.Do separately for baseline and efficient-case systems: A.Calculate full-load power (kW) using nominal lamp wattage and appropriate ballast factors B.Look up HOU/HOO Ratio (based on XYZ control type and space type) and estimate HOU as HOO*R XYZ C.Estimate annual energy as HOU*Power*HVAC_IF 3.Subtract baseline annual energy from efficient-case annual energy to get savings. The Calculator does all this for you. 10 – Simplified Method

11 Calculation Example Change open office lighting controls from manual on/off switch to photocell dimmer HOO: Suppose interview says annual HOO is 3000 hours for this space; HOU/HOO Ratios: Table (next slide) provides the ratio values, R MANUAL = 0.9 and R PHOTO = 0.70; (Full-load) Power: Suppose kW Base = 1.5 and kW Eff = 0.4. 11 – Simplified Method Space Space type HOO Control Type HOU/HOO Ratio HOU Power (kW) Energy (kWh) Baseline 3 rd Floor open office Open office 3,000 Manual (local) 0.902,7001.54,050 Efficient 3 rd Floor open office Open office 3,000 Daylight sensor 0.702,1000.4840 Savings (ignoring HVAC IF):3,210

12 Simplified method: Savings 12 – Simplified Method Lighting Control Type Provisional HOO Ratio Anticipated Space-Use Types Timer or Non-Local Manual Switch 100%Any Local Manual Switch 90%Any Daylight Sensor without Occupancy Sensor 100%Parking garage, Exterior 70%Classroom, Open Office, Other Occupancy Sensor without Daylight Sensor (On/Off) 70% Private Office, Classroom, Warehouse Aisle, Parking/Exterior, Other Occupancy Sensor without Daylight Sensor (Bi-Level) 65%Stairwells, Hallways 70%Other Occupancy Sensor with Daylight Sensor (On/Off) 70% Classroom, Parking Garage/Exterior, Warehouse Aisle Lighting, Other Occupancy Sensor with Daylight Sensor (Dimming) 70% Classroom, Parking Garage/Exterior, Warehouse Aisle Lighting, Other

13 Limitations: Right-on-average Objective is savings estimates that are right- on-average across lots of different projects. Fixed HOU/HOO Ratios mean savings may be very wrong for individual projects. Custom evaluations (not using the protocol) may be preferred for some large projects. Note: These are limitations of the simplified method itself, assuming we can get our hands on good HOU/HOO Ratio estimates. Provisional research limitations are on a separate slide. 13 – Simplified Method

14 Loose end: Systems with EMS? Earlier subcommittee recommendation on systems with energy management systems (EMS): The skill set required for collecting data from these controls is special (different what’s needed in the remainder of the plan); advanced lighting controls should be addressed through their own protocol at a later date. Josh’s mix-up: Before I reviewed the old subcommittee recommendations, I altered eligibility to include EMS controls in cases where the EMS mimics functionality of one of the other control types included in the protocol. (Objections?) 14

15 15 – Simplified Method It slices, it dices! (data) New and improved!

16 Provisional Research 16 – Provisional Research

17 Objective: HOU/HOO Ratios HOU/HOO Ratio is parameter for average ratio of meter-based HOU to interview-based HOO Simplified method uses HOU/HOO Ratio to estimate HOU based on HOO Provisional research objective is to estimate HOO Ratio values – Values differ by control type and space type – Research different scenarios 17 – Provisional Research

18 Objective: HOU/HOO Ratios Basic research question: How does Actual HOU (burn time) relate to interview-based Hours of Operation? For systems without changes to controls, savings depends on a single HOU ratio: ∆kWh = ∆kW x HOO x R XYZ For systems with controls changes, savings depends on Delta between ratios: ∆HOU = HOO x (R BASE - R XYZ ) 18 – Provisional Research

19 Approach For a sample of systems, collect: – Metered-based HOU data – Interview-based HOO data – Control type, space type, and building type Data analysis will estimate mean HOU/HOO Ratio values by control type… – And by space-type and/or building type (when necessary and possible) – There are a few analytical options, some pretty obvious (e.g., ratio estimator) 19 – Provisional Research

20 Phased research Current research plan is only Phase I Does not call for pre-/post- data Sunset period (1-year) allows time to analyze data from Phase I research currently in the field Expect second research phase to include carefully targeted pre-/post- data – Research questions (and sample targets) to depend on phase-I results – Expectation of second phase stated in current research plan but plan details not yet possible Slides that follow mostly describe Phase I research 20 – Provisional Research

21 Phase I Research: Expectations Expect to get – HOU/HOO Ratios that are valid (proven-worthy) for lots of scenarios where controls don’t change. – Clear understanding of further research needs and reasonable research planning assumptions Don’t expect to get – Proven-worth values for cases where controls do change (due to lack of pre-/post- data) – Proven-worthy values for every possible scenario where controls don’t change (expect some strays). 21 – Provisional Research

22 Phase I Lighting System Sample Targets 22 – Provisional Research Lighting Control Type Anticipated Space-Use Types* CV, HOU/HOO Ratio Precision at 90% confidence Sample target (Systems) Timer or Non-Local Manual Switch Any 0.2510%17 Local Manual Switch Other 0.7510%152 Daylight Sensor without Occupancy Sensor Parking garage, Exterior 0.2515%8 Classroom, Open Office, Other 0.515%30 Occupancy Sensor without Daylight Sensor (On/Off) Private Office, Classroom, Warehouse Aisle, Parking/Exterior, Other 0.5015%30 Occupancy Sensor without Daylight Sensor (Bi-Level) Stairwells, Hallways 0.7525%24 Other 0.5015%30 Occupancy Sensor with Daylight Sensor Classroom, Parking, Garage / Exterior, Warehouse Aisle Lighting, Other 0.7515%68 Total:359

23 Phase I Research Cost Estimates TaskPartyUnit Description Unit Cost # Units Total Cost Training and Data Quality Coordination Research Coordinator Hours (40 hours each for 6 data providers) $150 per hour 240$36,000 Data Collection and Organization Utilities / Lighting evaluator Research tasks for an individual site, assuming an average of three Lighting Systems per site: Recruit site (0.5 hr), Confirm HOO Interview data for selected systems (1 hr), Collect and record spot measurements (3 hr), Install and remove meters (post- only, 8 hr) Format/organize data (2.5 hr) $2,250 (15 hrs per site; $150 per hour) 120$270,000 Organization, Analysis, and Reporting RTF 32 hours per data set submitted (3 submissions) $150 per hour 96$14,400 Total:$320,400 23 – Provisional Research

24 Research Limitations Initial sample targets (and the disaggregation itself) are guesses – Need data about relationship between HOU and HOO – Need to revisit when first data wave comes back (BPA study results expected in 2015) Again, Phase I is post-only so won’t get proven-worthy HOU Deltas 24 – Provisional Research

25 25 – Provisional Research Provisional research functions too!

26 Decision 26 – Decision

27 Decision “I _______ move to approve the Provisional Standard Protocol for Lighting Retrofits, the associated Research Plan, and the Protocol Calculator with a sunset date of December 31, 2015.” At the end of the sunset period, we’ll use the first round of data to update what parameters we can, and we’ll develop a research plan for targeted pre-case metering and other outstanding questions. 27 – Decision

28 Additional Slides 28 – Additional slides

29 Simplified method: Interview Hours of “Operation.” In many cases, hours of operation equals business hours, plus time for cleaning and after-hours events. See examples for common exceptions. Example 1: Private office with a single major usage period (the occupant's workday), which is about 8 hours long – Suppose cleaning is negligible most days for the offices in this example. – Then Hours of Operation is 8 for typical workdays. Example 2: Open office where early-birds start arriving around 7:15AM and late-bird linger until around 6:30PM. – Suppose cleaning takes 30 minutes each evening for the office in this example. – Then Hours of Operation is 11.25 + 0.50 = 11.75 for typical workdays. 29 – Additional slides

30 Simplified method: Interview Hours of “Operation.” Question is about how the space is used, doesn’t generally change pre-/post-. Doesn’t attempt to account for intermittent lights-out periods throughout the day. – Want to know one shift versus two shifts – Don’t want to know if people turn off lights for lunch Doesn’t seek to make the most of the owner or occupant's knowledge; sacrifices site-specific insight for data uniformity and simplification. 30 – Additional slides

31 Limitations: Granularity May need to group some space/control scenarios together – Example: “Gym or classroom or school library with occupancy sensor and/or daylight sensor” – Calculate a single (weighted) HOU ratio for aggregated scenario May need to exclude some scenarios from the protocol if we don’t get them in the sample and don’t want to group them with others. 31 – Additional slides

32 Calculator Updates Structure and look of the calculator largely unchanged Updated calculator with newly adopted Hours of Operation (HOO) methodology, including new interview guide Pre-period logging/metering data no longer required; however, much of the pre-/post- structure remains for potential future needs Calculator automatically computes HOO ratios for controls savings research One outstanding item to be updated: working with BPA, SBW to make some minor updates to HVAC interaction table (to ensure consistency in region) 32 – Additional slides


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