2.  Definition:  Cloud computing is Internet-based computing, whereby shared resources, software and information are provided to computers and other devices on-demand, like electricity.  On-demand self-service Internet infrastructure where you pay-as-you-go and use only what you need, all managed by a browser, application or API.  Refers to accessing computing resources that are typically owned and operated by a third-party provider on a consolidated basis in data center locations

3. Individuals Corporations Non-Commercial Cloud Middle Ware Storage Provisioning OS Provisioning Network Provisioning Service(apps) Provisioning SLA(monitor), Security, Billing, Payment Services Storage Network OS Resources

4.  Cost  Agility  Scalability  Availability  Device and location independence  Metering

5.  Security  Hard to log for compliance  Reliability can become an issue  Inherent latency  Large companies have internal cloud

6.  Private  Public cloud or external cloud describes cloud computing in the traditional mainstream sense, whereby resources are dynamically provisioned on a fine-grained, self-service basis over the Internet, via web applications/web services, from an off-site third-party provider who shares resources and bills on a fine-grained utility computing basis  Public  A community cloud may be established where several organizations have similar requirements and seek to share infrastructure so as to realize some of the benefits of cloud computing. With the costs spread over fewer users than a public cloud (but more than a single tenant) this option is more expensive but may offer a higher level of privacy, security and/or policy compliance. Examples of community cloud include Google's "Gov Cloud"  Community  A community cloud may be established where several organizations have similar requirements and seek to share infrastructure so as to realize some of the benefits of cloud computing. With the costs spread over fewer users than a public cloud (but more than a single tenant) this option is more expensive but may offer a higher level of privacy, security and/or policy compliance. Examples of community cloud include Google's "Gov Cloud"

7. IBM/Google Academic Cloud Computing Initiative HP, Intel Corporation and Yahoo announced the creation of a global, multi-data center, open source test bed, called Open Cirrus. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, the Infocomm Development Authority (IDA) of Singapore, the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI) in Korea, the Malaysian Institute for Microelectronic Systems(MIMOS), and the Institute for System Programming at the Russian Academy of Sciences Universities researching on cloud computing – University of Melbourne (Australia), Georgia Tech, Yale, Wayne State, Virginia Tech, University of Wisconsin Madison, Boston University, Carnegie Mellon, MIT, Indiana University, University of Massachusetts, University of Maryland, North Carolina State, Purdue, University of California, University of Washington, University of Virginia, University of Utah, University of Minnesota

8. Amazon Microsoft windows Azure Savvis Google AppEngine Vmware cloud Rack space Verizon Go grid AppNexus

9. Amazon: Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), Amazon Elastic MapReduce, Auto Scaling, Amazon CloudFront, Amazon SimpleDB, Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS), Amazon Fulfillment Web Service (FWS), Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS), Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS), Amazon CloudWatch, Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC), Elastic Load Balancing, Amazon Flexible Payments Service (FPS), Amazon DevPay, Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3), Amazon Elastic Block,Storage (EBS), AWS Import/Export, AWS Premium Support, Alexa Web Information Service, Alexa Top Sites, Amazon Mechanical Turk Google: AdWords, Maps, Google Places, Base, Webmaster Central, AdSense, Analytics, Checkout, Ad Manager, Web Optimizer, Google Site Search, Google Friend Connect, Grow viral traffic to your site, Search company information, Google Apps, Postini services, Secure your email

10.  Utility computing: the "packaging of computing resources, such as computation and storage, as a metered service similar to a traditional public utility, such as electricity"  Grid computing: "a form of distributed computing and parallel computing, whereby a 'super and virtual computer' is composed of a cluster of networked, loosely coupled computers acting in concert to perform very large tasks“

11.  Client  Cloud platform services or "Platform as a Service (PaaS)" deliver a computing platform and/or solution stack as a service, often consuming cloud infrastructure and sustaining cloud applications. It facilitates deployment of applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers  Application  Cloud application services or "Software as a Service (SaaS)" deliver software as a service over the Internet, eliminating the need to install and run the application on the customer's own computers and simplifying maintenance and support. Key characteristics include

12.  Platform  Cloud platform services or "Platform as a Service (PaaS)" deliver a computing platform and/or solution stack as a service, often consuming cloud infrastructure and sustaining cloud applications. It facilitates deployment of applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers.  Infrastructure  Cloud infrastructure services or "Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)" delivers computer infrastructure, typically a platform virtualization environment as a service. Rather than purchasing servers, software, data center space or network equipment, clients instead buy those resources as a fully outsourced service.