1. LCSN Station Operators Workshop 2005 The LCSN (Lamont-Doherty Cooperative Seismographic Network) operates 40 seismographic stations in seven states: Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania and Vermont. Partners of LCSN are ( ordered by station code ): Adirondack Community College, SUNY (ACCN) Allegheny College (ALLY) William Annin Middle School, NJ (BRNJ) College of Agriculture and Technology, Cobleskill, SUNY (CONY) Central Park Conservancy (CPNY) Carthage Central High School, NY (CTNY) Queens College, CUNY (CUNY) Delaware Geological Survey (DGS subnet) Franklin and Marshall College (FMPA) Fordham University (FOR) Miner Agricultural Research Institute (FRNY, PNZ) ; Plattsburgh State, SUNY (FRNY) Geneseo College, SUNY (GENY) University of Vermont, Burlington (HBVT) Lehigh University (LUPA) Middlebury College (MDV, MIV) POLARIS Consortium, Canada (MEDO) Millersville University, PA (MVL) College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, SUNY (NCB) Potsdam University, SUNY (PTN) Maryland Geological Survey (SDMD) University of Connecticut (UCCT) Westchester Community College, SUNY (WCC) LDEO (PAL, LONY, LSCT)

2. LCSN Workshop 2005: Objective Main objectives (narrow): 1) seismic monitoring for improved delineation and evaluation of hazards associated with earthquakes in the Northeastern United States, 2) promote effective dissemination of earthquake data and information to the public and emergency management agencies, and 3) improve real-time data exchange between regional networks and the USNSN for development of an Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) and expanded earthquake reporting capabilities. “Seismic monitoring is the foundation upon which all earthquake mitigation practices are built” (USGS Circular 1188, Advanced National Seismic System). broader goals: 4) Provide high-quality data for seismic research, 5) Education and outreach.

3. LCSN Workshop 2005 : Seismicity & Earthquake Hazard in Eastern North America ● LCSN provides data for evaluation of hazards associated with earthquakes, and helps earthquake mitigation efforts. ● K-12 education, and public outreach, ● Basic scientific research.

4. LCSN Workshop 2005 ● LCSN consists of over 20 broadband stations since 1999. ● Short-period stations with RF radio telemetry will be phased out in the next few years, ● Target is about 50 to 100 km inter-station spacing, slightly better than planned EarthScope deployment.

5. LCSN Workshop 2005 List of broadband stations (chronological order) −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− STATIONLATLONGELEVOPERATIONSTATION COORPORATING CODE(°N) (°W)(m)(year/mo/da)NAME INSTITUTION −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− PAL41.005673.9079661992/01/01-Palisades, NY,LDEO/LCSN NCB43.973474.22285751992/01/01-Newcomb, NYUSNSN/LCSN LSCT41.678473.22443181992/10/27-Lakeside, CTLCSN/USNSN ACCN43.384373.66783401999/11/09-Adirondack Comm. College, NYSUNY BRNJ40.682874.5660501999/11/21-Basking Ridge, NJ, William-Annin Middle School LUPA40.598575.37142362001/01/01-Lehigh University, PA MVL39.999276.3506912001/02/15-MillersvilleMillersville University, PA SDMD39.410276.8403-2001/11/01-Soldier's Delight, MDMGS (Natural Environment Area) CONY 42.665874.46884682001/07/13-Cobleskill, NY, SUNY Cobleskill GENY 42.767077.8170 2001/10/27-Geneseo, NY, SUNY Geneso/LCSN CPNY 40.791273.9600272002/02/21-Central Park, NYC, Central Park Conservancey FOR40.863173.8856242002/04/18Fordham University, the Bronx, NY CUNY40.733573.8178202002/05/23City University of New York, Queens College, Queens, NY ALLY41.649280.1448 3902002/05/30Allegheny College Allegheny College, PA FRNY44.835073.58832232003/11/13Flat Rock, Altona, NYLCSN/Miner Institute, NY UCCT 41.7943 72.2255 223 2005/01/13 UConn, CTUniversity of Connecticut FMPA40.047876.3208121 2005/02/22 Franklin & Marshall, PA Franklin & Marshall College LONY44.619774.5829440 2005/10/01 Lake Ozonia, NY ANSS/LCSN/SUNY Potsdam PTN44.569974.98231972005/10/28Potsdam, NYLCSN/SUNY Potsdam CTNY43.987975.64531872005/11/08Carthage, NYLCSN/Carthage Central High School, NY −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−

6. LCSN Workshop 2005: LCSN real-time data acquisition & processing LCSN acquires most of the real-time data though the Internet -- satellite telemetry (USNSN, CNSN), and FM radio telemetry (short-period stations) are used as primary media. 1) Master Earthworm, 2) Antelope system: Automatic signal detection, phase association, event location. IRIS-DMC for archive and world-wide dissemination. 3) Notification

7. LCSN Workshop 2005: Lamont-Doherty Seismogrpahic Network in early 1980s It started in early 1970's, after the Plate Tectonics, ● short-period seismometer, ● FM radio telemetry, ● 12-bit digitizing, ● data transfer using dedicated telephone lines from hubs to Lamont. Lamont seismic network in mid 1980's.

8. LCSN Workshop 2005 : Network Performance, Station uptime This plot shows status of real-time data acquisition. It can be used to review problems at each stations and network as a whole. Jan Nov Real-time data continuity & gaps for Jan. - Nov.

9. LCSN Workshop 2005 : Network Performance, Station uptime Station & Network Performance StationStart timeEnd timeDropoffUptime -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ACCN05/01/0100:00:0005/11/1523:59:5993.81%94.11% ALLY05/01/0100:00:0005/11/1502:41:0096.82%96.85% BRNJ05/01/0100:00:0005/11/1423:59:5993.98%93.98% CONY05/01/0100:00:0005/01/0421:10:5299.95%01.22% CPNY05/01/0100:00:0005/11/1423:59:5993.46%93.46% FMPA05/02/2223:52:5005/11/1512:52:0178.27%65.36% FOR05/01/0100:00:0005/11/1523:59:5990.19%90.47% FRNY05/05/2500:25:4405/11/1423:59:1782.82%45.31% GENY05/01/0100:00:0005/11/1523:59:5990.05%90.34% LOZ05/01/0117:43:4605/11/1418:11:1035.61%35.50% LSCT05/01/0100:00:0005/11/0917:41:2940.39%39.72% LUPA05/01/0107:19:2805/01/0923:49:3553.52%01.46% MVL05/01/2015:04:5505/11/1523:59:5971.86%67.65% NCB05/01/0100:00:0005/11/1423:59:5986.41%86.41% PAL05/01/0100:00:0005/11/1423:59:5998.39%98.39% PTN05/11/0720:04:4805/11/1508:46:1199.68%02.36% SDMD05/01/0100:00:0005/11/1423:59:5997.19%97.19% UCCT05/03/0401:47:5305/11/1507:16:3990.06%72.57%

10. LCSN Workshop 2005 : Network Performance, Station uptime Real-time data LCSN target is 95% uptime and data dropoff. CONY, LUPA was down due to instrument failure, PTN is only for 20 days etc.

11. LCSN Workshop 2005: Station Performance Power spectral density (PSD) of digital seismic data for noise character and instrument performance. Quack (Quality Analysis Control Kit): a web footed interface developed by USGS/IRIS. For all data submitted to IRIS-DMC with proper instrument response. Plot quality control parameters. - 145 @ 1 Hz http://www.iris.washington.edu/servlet/quackquery/ PAL (Palisades, NY) LCSN reference station with STS-2 seismometer, T0=120 s low noise model -135 db @ 1 Hz

12. LCSN Workshop 2005: Station Performance - 145 @ 1 Hz http://www.iris.washington.edu/QUACK PAL (Palisades, NY) two horizontal components, NS & EW, PSD (Power spectral density (PSD) with probability density function (PDF). low noise model

13. LCSN Workshop 2005: Station Performance ACCN ( Adirondack Community College, Glens Falls, NY), vertical-component PSD, sensor CMG-3T with T0=100 sec -145 db

14. LCSN Workshop 2005: Station Performance PDF/PSD for NS and EW components at ACCN Notice higher noise level at long period ~100s (~-140 db), compared with vertical component (-180 db). This is a typical case.

15. LCSN Workshop 2005: Station Performance PSD for Vertical-component at BRNJ (Basking Ridge, NJ) sensor CMG-40T with T0=30 sec PSD is about -127 db at 1 Hz, and -128 db at 100s. Notice the sensor's natural period 20 s.

16. Real-time Data Exchange & Earthquake detection, location & alert LCSN, GSC, POLARIS LCSN Workshop 2005: Station Performance PSD for NS and EW components at BRNJ

17. Real-time Data Exchange & Earthquake detection, location & alert LCSN, GSC, POLARIS LCSN Workshop 2005: Station Performance PSD for Vertical-component at GENY (Geneseo, NY) sensor CMG-3ESP with T0=30 sec PSD is about -131 db at 1 Hz, and -120 db at 100s. Notice the sensor's natural period 30 s.

18. Real-time Data Exchange & Earthquake detection, location & alert LCSN, GSC, POLARIS LCSN Workshop 2005: Station Performance PDF/PSD for NS and EW components at GENY Notice noise level at long period ~100s (~-135 db), compared with vertical component (-120 db). This is NOT a typical case.

19. Real-time Data Exchange & Earthquake detection, location & alert LCSN, GSC, POLARIS LCSN Workshop 2005: Station Performance PSD for vertical-component at LOZ, sensor CMG-3ESPD Notice noise level at long period ~100s (~-135 db), compared with vertical component (-120 db). This is NOT a typical case.

20. Real-time Data Exchange & Earthquake detection, location & alert LCSN, GSC, POLARIS LCSN Workshop 2005: Station Performance PSD for vertical-component at LUPA (Lehigh Univ., Penn) CMG-3T, T0=100s. Notice noise level at long period ~100s (~-135 db), compared with vertical component (-120 db). This is NOT a typical case.

21. Real-time Data Exchange & Earthquake detection, location & alert LCSN, GSC, POLARIS LCSN Workshop 2005: Station Performance PSD for vertical-component at MVL (Millersville, PA), CMG-3ESP, T0=30s Notice noise level at 1 Hz is -140 db and long period ~100s (~-170 db).

22. Real-time Data Exchange & Earthquake detection, location & alert LCSN, GSC, POLARIS LCSN Workshop 2005: Station Performance PSD for horizontal components at MVL, CMG-3ESP, T0=30s Notice noise level at long period ~100s (~-140 db) with low probability density, compared with vertical component (-170 db). Summary: PSD for vertical component at most of the stations range from -145 db at ACCN to -127 db at BRNJ.