1. AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION
Amendment Process (Article 5)
Propose
Congress (2/3 vote) **
Convention called by 2/3 of states
Ratification
3/4 of State Legislatures **
3/4 of State Conventions
Why four ways?
RATIFICATION
Legislature
Convention
Congress
PROPOSE
Convention

2. AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION
Two “unamendables”
No slave trade changes before 1808
No change in Senate representation

3. AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION
Amendments
10,000 proposed
33 approved by Congress
27 ratified
Time limits on ratification
10,000 33 27

4. BILL OF RIGHTS A product of compromise Many amendments proposed
Madison submitted 17
Congress approved 12

5. BILL OF RIGHTS Two of the 12 not ratified
Population per House Representative
Make House smaller
Changes in congressional pay
No law varying the compensation for the services of Senators and Representatives shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened.
1789 to 1992

6. Bill of Rights (cont.) 1st Amendment (natural rights)
Establish religion or prohibit free exercise of religion
Freedom of speech and press
Right to peaceably assemble
Right to petition

7. Bill of Rights (cont.) 2nd Amendment 3rd Amendment
Right to keep and bear arms
3rd Amendment
No peacetime quartering
Quartering only as prescribed by law during wartime

8. Bill of Rights (cont.) 4th Amendment
No unreasonable search and seizure

9. Bill of Rights (cont.) 5th Amendment
Grand jury for capital or infamous crimes
Double jeopardy
Self-incrimination
Due Process
Compensation for taking property

10. Bill of Rights (cont.) 6th Amendment--criminal trials
Speedy and public trial
Impartial jury
Informed of charges
Compel and confront witnesses
Counsel for defense

11. Bill of Rights (cont.) 7th Amendment--civil trials 8th Amendment
Jury trial if more than $20
8th Amendment
No excessive bail or fines
No cruel or unusual punishment

12. Bill of Rights (cont.) 9th Amendment 10th Amendment
This listing of rights doesn’t disparage others
10th Amendment
Powers not delegated to national government belong to the states or to the people