1. Objectives: 4(B) Investigate and explain cellular processes, including homeostasis, energy conversions, transport of molecules, and synthesis of new molecules 9(B) Compare the reactants and products of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in terms of energy and matter

2.  The process of using oxygen to produce ATP by breaking down carbon-based molecules is called cellular respiration.  It is an aerobic process, requiring oxygen.  There are three phases:  Glycolysis, in the cytoplasm  Krebs cycle, in the mitochodrial matrix  Electron transport, in the inner membrane of the mitochondria.

4.  Glycolysis literally means “sugar splitting.”  In summary, for one molecule of glucose, the products of glycolysis are:  2 ATP (net since 2 are used during the process)  2 NADH  2 pyruvate

5.  Pyruvate enters mitochondria.  Pyruvate gets broken down.  Then the Krebs cycle which has many steps.

7.  For each pyruvate, the products of the Krebs cycle are:  3 CO 2, a waste product  1 ATP, energy for the cell  4 NADH, energy carrying molecule  1 FADH 2, also and energy carrying molecule

8.  The electron transport chain in cellular respiration is similar to the electron transport chain in photosynthesis.  Both are made of proteins that are in a membrane.  Both move energy along the electron transport chain. The energized electrons are provided by NADH and FADH 2.  Both use that energy to pump hydrogen ions (H + ) against their gradient across a membrane.  In both processes, H + then flow back through ATP synthase in the membrane to produce ATP.

10.  At the end of cellular respiration, oxygen is the final electron acceptor, forming water.  The products of whole process of cellular respiration are:  CO2, as a waste product  Water (H2O), as a waster product  36 ATP

11.  Photosynthesis stores energy from sunlight as chemical energy.  Cellular respiration releases chemical energy to make ATP, the energy molecule that cells can use to do work.