1. 1 CALL 2006, BEIJING Courseware quality control Strategies Presenter: YAO Chunzhen E-mail: yaochunzhen@gmail.comyaochunzhen@gmail.com QQ: 15638599 Research Interest: CALL, Applied Linguistics, management Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

2. 2 Overview 1.Identify key points in developing high quality courseware for EFL learners. 2.Implement quality management and software engineering in courseware development and optimization 3.Use CMM and ISO9000 in process management 4.A Case study and demonstration 5. Courseware evaluation Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

3. 3 Outline 1. Introduction 2. Basic concepts of courseware and quality 3. Literature Review 4. key points in quality control 5. Quality Control Approaches and Development ---A Case Study 6. Findings and Discussions Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

4. 4 1. Introduction 1.1 Wide use of various course-wares 1.2 Problems reported 1.3 Course ware assessment 1.4 Definition of quality 1.5 Quality management, testing, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

5. 5 2. Basic concepts 2.1 Courseware 2.2 quality : management, control.etc. 2.3 Learning path, cognitive style, SLA 2.4 CMM 2.5 ISO9000 2.6 needs analysis 2.7 software engineering 2.8 Testing and QC Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

6. 6 2.1 varieties of course ware Function Purpose Object and orientation Technology EFL SLA ◇ ◇ ◇ ◇ ◇ ◇ ◇ Learner ware Teacher ware Courseware, testing prep ware, etc. Single computer and net-work based Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

7. 7 2.2 course ware quality 2.2.1Definition of quality (David Garvin) 2.2.3 Quality control 2.2.4 Quality management 2.2.5 Quality planning Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

8. 8 What is Quality? Degree or grade of excellence The extent it satisfy customers needs. I define quality of Courseware as: The qualitative value of its fulfillment of objective and goal in serving the learning of a course and cultivation of competence of that course.

9. 9 http://www.asq.org/learn-about- quality/basic-concepts.html Assurance: The act of giving confidence, the state of being certain or the act of making certain. Quality assurance: The planned and systematic activities implemented in a quality system so that quality requirements for a product or service will be fulfilled. Control: An evaluation to indicate needed corrective responses; the act of guiding a process in which variability is attributable to a constant system of chance causes. Quality control: The observation techniques and activities used to fulfill requirements for quality.

10. 10 http://www.well.com/~bbear/garvin. html#eight I separate quality into eight dimensions: performance, features, reliability, conformance, durability, serviceability, aesthetics, and perceived quality.

11. 11 Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology 2.3 CMM

12. 12 2.4 ISO9000

13. 13 Four Theoretical Models The discrepancy philosophy The democratic philosophy The analytic philosophy The diagnostic philosophy Stufflebeam, McCormick, Brinkerhoff and Nelson (1985) Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology 2.5 Needs Analysis

14. 14 More Situational needs vs. language needs Objective needs vs. subjective needs Linguistic content vs. learning processes Brown (2001)

15. 15 3. Literature Review Courseware development Technology first or Learning Effectiveness first Process management Quality Control

16. 16 4. Key points in Quality Control 4.1 general process of course-ware development 4.2 identification of critical process 4.3 participants 4.4 team building and performance 4.5

17. 17 5. Control Approaches 5.1 Customer satisfaction approach 5.2 Cognition approach 5.3 Software engineering approach 5.4 Management approach 5.5 Testing Approach Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

18. 18 Six Sigma Improvement Frameworks DMAIC Define – Measure – Analyze – Improve – Control used to improve existing processes and products DMADV Define – Measure – Analyze – Design – Verify a process of “Design for Six Sigma” (DFSS) -there is not unified approach to DFSS across industry Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

19. 19 Learner recognized needs Long term and short term needs Subjective and objective needs Internal and external needs Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

20. 20 5.3 Software Engineering Approach Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

21. 21 5.4 Management Approach general manager （ Project Manager ） （ Translation ） （ Editing ） （ Proofreading ） （ Quality Assurance ） （ Test Engineer ） DTP & QC Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

22. 22 ISO9004 Self-evaluation ● it can be applied to the part or the whole process ； ● it can be applied to the whole organization or any section ● it can be completed in a short time ； Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

23. 23 Project management Softwares Primavera:P3 、 Gores: Artemis 、 ABT: Work Bench Welcom: Open Plan TimeLine: TimeLine Scitor: Project Scheduler Primavera: Sure Trak Microsoft: Project 2000 Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

24. 24 Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

25. 25

26. 26 Team performance ● understand the project clearly ● roles and responsibilities are set ● goal-oriented ； ● trust and cooperation Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

27. 27 Team Member Tasks need s Gener al design Detaile d design Code Unit test plan custom er √√ analyze r √√ design er √√√√ progra mmer √√√ tester √√√√√√ mainte nance √√√ Quality assurer √√√√√√

28. 28 Task management 1. identify different types of tasks first. 2. general manager analyzes and assign different tasks 3. Task fulfillment report 4. task coordination Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

29. 29 5.5 Testing Approach Test of compatiblity Test of functions Test of practicality  Tools for testing Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

30. 30 The best features most often mentioned were: clear structure presents information clearly and concisely includes review and consolidation good technical content good on-line help uses imaginative learning strategies flexible allows exploratory learning Offers good feedback http://www.lboro.ac.uk/departments/ls/cti/ucisa2.html

31. 31 6. Quality Control Approaches (A) 6.1 Process Management 6.2 Task Analysis 6.3 Teamwork 6.4 Content Selection

32. 32 6. Case Demonstration (B) 6.1 Project Introduction 6.2 Project Requirements 6.3 Team Building 6.4 Process management 6.5 Pedagogical Design 6.6 Instructional Design/Learning Flexibility 6.7 Technical Design Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

33. 33 Textbook based Learnable and teachable Learning-effectiveness

34. 34 http://www.carnet.hr/. Retrieved on 29th. May, 2006http://www.carnet.hr/ Juran on Quality by Design. The New Steps for Planning Quality into Goods and Services. [M] 1992. Juran Institute Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Reference