1. 1.Elements of Rock and Roll 2.Roots of Rock and Roll

2. Rock and Roll is the combination of all the other styles of music we have learned about! Without jazz, the blues, even R&B, Rock and Roll would have never formed! Now that we have talked about all the other genres of music, we can dive into this extremely important genre! Why do you think I saved Rock and Roll last?

3. Cultural Influences 1.Western European 1.Melody: major/minor scales 2.Modes– what are these….? 3.Harmony 2.African American 1.Melody: blues notes 2.Rhythm: riffs, syncopation…what is this?

4. Instrumentation Electrically Amplified Instruments: Electric guitar Electric bass Microphones Synthesizers Electronic drums Electronic effects Acoustically Amplified Instruments: Acoustic guitar Drum set Piano Traditional string and woodwind instruments

5. Lyrics They are poetry set to music This is what you will find in a typical rock song: Rhymes Metaphors Clichés The “Hook” Word paintings Common themes: Sex Drugs Boy-girl themes Protest songs

6. The Roots

7. Rock & Roll Becomes Mainstream in 1956 Top musicians in 1955: Perry Como, Dean Martin, & Frank Sinatra Top musicians in 1956: Elvis Presley, Little Richard, & Chuck Berry

8. Think back to the very beginning… How do you think rock developed? How did it come into being?

9. Spirituals (1700s) Songs sung by enslaved Africans living in America Purposes: Spiritual expression of their struggles Keep everyone working at the same pace Style: Combination of African and Western European Religions Bible stories that expressed hope Call & Response

10. Early Blues (1870s) Roots in the Rural South Secular equivalent of spirituals Call & Response Shouts & moans (improvisation) Church music “prays to God while the blues prays to what’s human” Purpose Response to Jim Crow laws, KKK, etc. Self expression A way to means to rid yourself of the “blues”

11. Review of the Blues How many verses are there in a blues song? What’s the form? Lyrics often tells a story First two phrases (AA) often identical & expresses the feelings of the singer Third phrase explains “why” Intent was to make the listener (& the singer) feel better

12. Ragtime (1890) Style Played on a piano to imitate the sound of a banjo Right hand: Fast, lively, syncopated melody It’s here where jazz and rock ‘n roll split Anyone remember the composer of this piece?? Ragtime Piano : SCOTT JOPLIN. " The Entertainer " (1902) - YouTube

13. Also… Mississippi Delta Blues (1910) Gritty Often accompanied by “bottleneck guitar” & harmonica Boogie Woogie (1920) Roots in Kansas City Evolution of Early Blues & Mississippi Delta Blues Fast, Dance Music Often played by a piano Sweet Home Chicago [Remastered] ROBERT JOHNSON (1936) Delta Blues Guitar Legend - YouTube

14. Bluegrass (1920) Roots Southern Appalachia Anglo-Celtic folk ballads & fiddle tunes Style Acoustic String Instrumentation Distinct vocal harmonies Tribute to Bill Monroe Jerusalem Ridge - YouTube

15. What things were going on to help rock emerge? 1929-40 Great Depression Thousands from the south move to Chicago, looking for work 1936: Gibson manufactures 1st electric guitar Hollow body & crudely made Not technologically feasible to mass produce 1939-45: World War I Wireless technology improves even more

16. Swing (1930) Blend of: The Blues Popular European-American Music Style Dance Music Also called Big Band "SING, SING, SING" BY BENNY GOODMAN - YouTube

17. American Folk (1930) Style Music of the common man Songs that tell a story Folk Music of the Great Depression Protest

18. Honky Tonk Style Slang word for saloon Blend of bluegrass, blues 12-bar blues form Acoustic string instruments “Good ol’ Boy” songs (dancing, drinking, gambling, loving and then losing the one you love, etc.)

19. Post WWII Popular Music Style “Safe” music, nothing to do with WWII No suggestive lyrics Crooning: To sing in a subdued tone and reflective or sentimental style

21. 1950s Families worked & played together Disneyland Strong Gender Roles Barbie for girls Davy Crockett for boys Social: Strong conservatism and anticommunist feeling

22. Doo Wop Origins Urban east coast African-American teenage boys Goal: Impress girls Style 4-6 singers; wide range of voices Nonsense syllables Simple Beat and Light Instrumentation Simple Music and Lyrics The Platters - Great Pretender, Only You (live) - YouTube

23. Abandon African-American Artists Not profitable Naïve to African-American tastes Racial bias

24. Rockabilly Combination of Rhythm & Blues Gospel Country Bluegrass 12-bar blues progression Electric Guitar

25. Rockabilly Artists Bill Haley & The Comets Buddy Holly Chuck Berry Johnny Cash Elvis Presley Jerry Lee Lewis Little Richard Bill Haley - Rock Around The Clock - YouTube Chuck Berry - Johnny B. Goode live - YouTube Johnny Cash - A Boy Named Sue - YouTube Jerry Lee Lewis - Great Balls of Fire - YouTube little richard good golly miss molly - YouTube

27. The artist generally known as the “King of Rock and Roll” is: Elvis Presley

28. Elvis: Early Days Born to a poor family in Mississippi Moved to Memphis when he was a teenager Surrounded by the four rock influences Gospel R & B Country Bluegrass

29. Timeline 1953 Recorded his first record as a birthday present to his mother at Sun Studios (in Memphis) 1954 Creates songs like “Blue Suede Shoes”

30. Timeline 1955 Phillips sells Elvis’ contract to RCA for $35,000 Rock & Roll is officially born in 1956 TV appearances (shaking his hips) Creates song such as “Hound Dog” 1958-1960 Elvis served in the US army 1977 Died from a drug overdose Elvis Presley Milton Berle Show 5 Jun 1956: Hound Dog - YouTube

31. Fun Fact: TV station only filmed Elvis from the waist up because, during that time, they thought his dance moves were too suggestive Today people still visit his home, Graceland, in Memphis, TN

32. Buddy Holly 1953 Opened for Bill Haley & the Comets Signed Record deal with Decca Records (Nashville) 1955 Wrote and arranged his own songs Created his own style 1957 1 st Caucasian to perform at The Apollo Theatre Buddy Holly - Peggy Sue [Very Good quality] - YouTube

33. 1959 Died in Plane Crash in Clear Water, IA on February 3, 1959 Don McLean’s “American Pie” Immortalized Holly Don McLean - American Pie better quality - YouTube

34. The Death of Rock and Roll Holly Plane Crash in 1959 The death of other famous rock artists Little Richard: 1957 tour in Australia sees Sputnik overhead Thought it was a sign from God & went into the seminary Jerry Lee Lewis marries his 13 year-old cousin with divorcing his former wife (1957) Elvis is drafted into the army (1957) Chuck Berry is convicted of the Mann Act (1960) Transported a 14-year-old girl across state lines for allegedly "immoral purposes.

36. Surf Music Many surfing films being made during the post-WWII era (1960s). Surfing was all the rage Surfer Culture Middle-Class White Teenagers Based on images of affluence and consumption The Surfer look & language

37. Musical Style Served as a bridge to the psychedelic style in the late 1960s Falsetto: an unnaturally or artificially high-pitched voice or register, especially in a man Lyrics: Surfing Fast cars Girls The Original Surfer artist: Dick Dale and the Del-Tones

38. The Beach Boys The band's early music gained popularity across the United States for its close vocal harmonies and lyrics reflecting a Southern California youth culture of surfing, cars, and romance Quintessential surfer music Known as one of the greatest bands of all time

39. Louie Composed by Richard Berry 1963: Two Seattle based Surf Bands record Louie Louie simultaneously Both claimed that they were the first/original people to write the song Public opinion declares The Kingsmen winners

40. Controversy The Kingsmen’s recording was made in a garage & the quality of the recording was poor The words were difficult to understand Urban legend: “There are obscene words in Louie Louie” 1964: Indiana bans the playing of Louie Louie on local radio stations FBI investigates The Kingsmen testify before congress

41. Legacy Almost became the state song of Washington and presently is the state rock song Over 1600 recorded versions of Louie Louie

42. Soul Soul music was enabled by the commercial boom of "race" music Soul music was also, indirectly, helped by rock music, precisely because rock music made white pop music sound so outdated Soul music became more than party music for young blacks: it became a rallying flag for the black nationalist movement Soul music was born thanks to the innovations of a generation of post-war musicians who, essentially, turned gospel music into a secular form of art.

43. Soul Artists East Coast Chubby Checker: The Twist Sam Cooke: Twistin’ the Night Away Isley Brothers: Twist and Shout Aretha Franklin: Respect James Brown: I Feel Good Memphis Otis Redding Booker T. and the MGs

45. The Quarry Men (1956 - 1958) Before they were the Beatles, they were the Quarry Men Lennon meets Paul McCartney after a Quarry Men's appearance. Lennon asks McCartney to join the group a couple of weeks later. George Harrison joins the Quarry Men after being introduced to Lennon by Harrison’s school friend McCartney Later they change their name to Johnny and the Moondogs in 1959 Again, they changed their name to “The Silver Beatles” in 1960. The name was inspired by the Buddy Holly’s group the Crickets

46. Examples THE QUARRY MENTHE SILVER BEATLES

47. “Beatlemania” in the U.K. 1962 - 1963 Abbey Road Studios offers The Beatles a contract if they replace original drummer Pete Best Ringo Starr (Richard Starkey) becomes the group’s drummer Begin touring England, television & radio appearances “Please Please Me” #1 song on British charts for 30 weeks The Beatle’s 1 st popular song Prototype British Invasion single Infectious melody “Yeah Yeah” lyrics Charging guitars Tight harmonies

48. “Beatlemania” in the US 1964 - 1965 When Capitol Records released the song “I Want to Hold Your Hand,” Americans went wild for the Beatles 3,000 screaming fans greet them when they came to America The Beatles were around at the perfect time: American public was emerging from the Kennedy assassination--The Beatles' music was happy-go-lucky The Beatles were intelligent but fun; they were talented rock and rollers, but non-threatening Feb 1964, Beatles perform of the Ed Sullivan Show 73 million viewers watch the show

49. The full effects of Beatlemania erupt by 1965 “Beatlemania”: a term used during the 1960s to describe the intense fan frenzy particularly demonstrated by young teen girls directed toward The Beatles during the early years of their success Mobs at airports, hotels and concert engulf them Girls hide in air-conditioning shafts to see them Fans are injured in the mad rush of the crowds Kids fall from overhead beams, balcony rails, and elevated walkways Fans climb onto the wings of the Beatles airplane The Beatles often escaped in armored trucks

50. Example of “Beatlemania” This is a good example of how just one band can affect society as a whole

51. Their Music 23 songs in the American Top 100 Lennon-McCartney collaborations Upbeat rock and roll tunes Easy to listen to, easy to dance to, and easy to enjoy

52. British Invasion! Because of the Beatles having such great success in America, a flood of other British bands started playing their music in the US Examples: Rolling Stones- Satisfaction Donovan- Mellow Yellow The Turtles- Happy Together

53. Middle Style Period 1965 – 1966 Changes… Lennon in an interview says that the Beatles are “more popular than Jesus Christ “ No reaction in the U.K. Negative reaction in the US Their music was getting too difficult to duplicate in a live performance, so they do their last performance in CA in 1966 Lyrics: Non-traditional themes Double meanings: drug oriented

54. Instruments Not rooted in rock & roll Lennon discovers the music of Bob Dylan Harrison discovers the sitar All hear the new folk rock of America Orchestral instruments Music: Eleanor Rigby Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds Penny Lane Yellow Submarine

55. Mature Style Period 1967 – 1970 Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band= 1 st “concept” album Hugh success both critically and commercially Definition of concept album: an album that is "unified by a theme, which can be instrumental, compositional, narrative, or lyrical" 1968: Beatles go India to study transcendental meditation with the Maharishi Later albums: John and Paul start moving in opposite directions and quarreling between the band mates begin The Beatles officially break up in 1970 After the break up, each member went on to do their own solo work

56. India

57. Their Last Songs All You Need is Love Come Together Helter Skelter Hey Jude Let It Be Long & Winding Road Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Heart's Club Band

58. Death of John Lennon Assassinated outside the Dakota Hotel in 1980 Mark Chapman, an obsessive Beatles fan, shot him outside the doorway of the hotel The doorman of the hotel shouted at Chapman, "Do you know what you've done?", to which Chapman calmly replied, "Yes, I just shot John Lennon." Police officers reported that Chapman had dropped the revolver to the ground, and was holding a paperback book, J.D. Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye. Chapman had scribbled a message on the book's inside front cover: "To Holden Caulfield. From Holden Caulfield. This is my statement." He would later claim that his life mirrored that of Holden Caulfield, the protagonist of the book.

59. What happened on the day John Lennon died

60. The Other Members George Harrison: died in 1997 of throat cancer Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr: still alive today and making music! Paul McCartney was recently on tour

61. Popularity They had a cartoon created about them in the 60s They had an animated movie done They had a television film done Today in Las Vegas, Cirque De Soliel created a show using all of the Beatles music MUCH MUCH MORE

62. Why are the Beatles so Important? They led the British invasion in the United States that would change music forever They are one of the greatest rock band s of all time and will always be Many years later, their music is still popular and continuing to change peoples lives The lyrics that John and Paul wrote will always remain some of the most heart-felt, insightful, inspiring lyrics ever The Beatles inspired other artists and continue to do so today They made an impact on pop culture They changed the perceptions of rock music

63. 1.Early to Mid 60s 2.Folk

64. What was going on in the 60s Things were becoming more modern in the 1960s Pop Art: Andy Warhol Fashion: long hair, beards, bell-bottom jeans, afros All about self-expression The 1950s were dominated by Republicans but in the 60s, it was all about the Democrats Historical events: JFK assassinated MLK’s “I Have a Dream” speech Moon landing Woodstock

65. Folk Music and Folk Rock By the end of the decade Disillusionment Violence & Anti-social behavior Drugs Split between the "folkies" and the "rockers" : Folk lovers thought rock was mindless and commercial Example of popular folk artists in early 60s: Peter Paul and Mary

66. Bob Dylan Besides the Beatles, one of the most influential artists OF ALL TIME Born as Robert Zimmerman 1959 Patterns himself after Woody Guthrie Performs coffeehouses and small clubs His 2 goals in 1960 Become part of the Greenwich Village folk scene Meet Woody Guthrie Dylan’s style: Traditional Folk Style Writes, sings, and arranges his own songs Guitar & Harmonica

67. Music Thought-provoking messages, symbolism, sarcasm, dry wit Music: The Times They Are A’ Changin’, Blowin’ in the Wind

68. Example

69. 1965: Dylan Goes Electric Starts to incorporate elements of Rock in his music Drum set Bass Guitar Electric Guitar Newport Folk Festival Dylan was booed off the stage Music Like A Rolling Stone- changed music forever

70. Newport Folk Festival This is what happened

71. Other Folk Artists Joan Baez Sonny and Cher Buffalo Springfield Donovan

72. 1.Psychedelic 2.San Francisco

73. Late 1960s Counterculture: A way of life and set of attitudes opposed to the prevailing social norm Teens were disillusioned Assassinations Vietnam War Establishment Teens dealt with reality by Turning to stronger drugs Free Love Violence & Protest

74. New Technology FM Radio FM stations played more album-oriented rock AM stations played top 40 Improved Amplification So loud it could be “felt” Outdoor Concerts

75. The Haight-Ashbury Neighborhood San Francisco was the “Mecca” of Counterculture movement Drugs were an important element in the music of these groups

76. Psychedelic Lyrics become blatantly and explicitly drug oriented Each band was unique in it’s own style Emphasis on Instrumentalists especially the guitarists Long improvisations, often lasting 20-30 minutes, were common at concerts

77. San Francisco Artists Jefferson Airplanes The first San Francisco band to get a major recording contract Grace Slick joins and records their second album Grace Slick becomes the first real female rock star Songs: Somebody to Love, White Rabbit Later change their names to Jefferson Starship Band ends in the 90s

78. San Francisco Artists The Grateful Dead Typical San Francisco band of the late 1960's Roots were in early folk rock Janis Joplin Grew up amidst blues, gospel, and country styles Went to San Francisco to sing in a few folk clubs and bars Found dead in Hollywood hotel (10/4/1970) Lived life with no holds barred and at full speed Dressed like a cheap hooker Hair was usually unkempt Rough complexion Rarely without her bottle of Southern Comfort Reportedly used every drug San Francisco could provide

79. Janis Joplin Distinctive voice raw and strong she was a white soul singer Adapted into screaming and shouting to be heard over the band Mainstream rock with hints of: R & B Gospel Country

80. Other San Francisco Artists Steve Miller Band Santana Credence Clearwater Revival Sly and the Family Stone Most would have their biggest impact in the 70's

81. 1. Jim Morrison 2. Jimi Hendrix 3.Woodstock

82. Jim Morrison IQ of 149 Avid Reader of French Symbolists Lived life as an artist Questioning authority Primal lust Into death Vampirism and blood

83. Jim Morrison: 1965 Enrolled at UCLA to study film Signed with Columbia Records, Changed to “The Doors” Poet William Blake: "There are things known, and there are things unknown and in between are the doors". Electric sounds Cryptic lyrics On stage He was controlled by his music The Electric Shaman Claimed that when performing, the spirits of dead Indians took him over

84. Examples Ed Sullivan Shaman Dancing here was a catch, though. The band was to perform its chart-topping hit, "Light My F ire," but Sullivan didn't want the word "higher" sung on the show. Then the Doors w ent out and did the song exactly as they always did. Sullivan was so furious he didn't even shake their hands.

85. Wild Behavior Later in life, Jim fell into more drugs and added alcohol to the mixture He later just wanted to become a blues artist rather than a rock star His main goal in life was to have his poetry published as a book In the late 60s, during a Miami concert, Jim was charged with 2 counts of indecent exposure 2 counts for open profanity 1 for public drunkenness 1 for his "lewd and lascivious behavior for exposing himself and by simulating an explicit sexual action” Feld to France to escape his bad reputation and charges Died in his bath tub in France on July 3rd, 1971

86. Jimi Hendrix Not a great vocalist Played a tremendous influence on post-1968 rock guitar styles He played backup guitar for various black artists Little Richard Ike and Tina Turner Jackie Wilson Went to England Formed a group called “The Jimi Hendrix Experience” in 1966 Several hits in the U.K. 1967: Returned to America

87. Jimi Hendrix Style Unusual Playing Positions With his guitar with his teeth Behind his back Caressed his guitar Attacked it in a sexually suggestive way Drenched his guitar in lighter fluid and set it on fire First to experiment with the different types of guitar sounds Fuzz boxes Wah-wah pedals Distortion

88. Hendrix’s death He died in 1970 Inhalation of vomit resulting from barbiturate intoxication Autopsy: 18 times the dosage in his system of sleeping pills, tranquilizers, amphetamines, depressants, and alcohol

89. Club 27 PictureNameDate of deathOfficial cause of deathFameAge Brian JonesJuly 3, 1969 Having drowned in a swimming pool, [7] the coroner's report stated "death by misadventure." [8] [7] [8] Rolling StonesRolling Stones founder and guitarist/multi- instrumentalist. 27 years and 125 days Jimi HendrixSeptember 18, 1970 Autopsy showed he asphyxiated on vomit after combining sleeping pills with wine. [9] [9] Pioneering electric guitarist, singer and songwriter for The Jimi Hendrix Experienceand Band of Gypsys.The Jimi Hendrix ExperienceBand of Gypsys 27 years and 295 days Janis JoplinOctober 4, 1970Probable heroin overdose. [10] [10] Lead vocalist and songwriter for Big Brother and the Holding Company, The Kozmic Blues Band and Full Tilt Boogie Band.Big Brother and the Holding Company 27 years and 258 days Jim MorrisonJuly 3, 1971 Cause of death listed as "heart failure"; however, no autopsy was performed. [11] [11] Lead singer, songwriter and video director for The Doors.The Doors 27 years and 207 days

90. Woodstock It was a music festival, billed as "An Aquarian Exposition: 3 Days of Peace & Music". Held on a dairy farm in New York During the sometimes rainy weekend, thirty-two acts performed outdoors in front of 500,000 concert-goers. It is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most pivotal moments in popular music history and was listed among Rolling Stone's 50 Moments That Changed the History of Rock and Roll. Performers: Jefferson Airplane, Grateful Dead, Santana, Joan Baez, The Who, The Band, CCR, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, and more

91. Woodstock