1. How to integrate heterogenous BPM schemas Jan Mendling Dept. of IS and New Media, WU Wien

2. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 2 Agenda 1.Heterogeneity of BPM standards 2.BPM standards 3.Applicability of schema integration 4.Ingredients of BPM schema integration

3. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 3 Agenda 1. Heterogeneity of BPM Standards

4. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 4 Scenario Consulting Customer Simulation Workflow

5. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 5 Application scenarios for process modelling: organisation Documentation of organisation: transparency, communication, job descriptions Process Reengineering: Continuous Improvement, Optimization Continuous Process Management: Process controlling and monitoring ISO 9000 Certification: Quality management Benchmarking: Comparison to Best Practices Knowledge Management: Documentation of knowledge, explication of terminology

6. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 6 Application scenarios for process modelling: information systems Selection of ERP software: Comparison of vendor-specific reference models with processes Model-based customizing: Customization of OTC standard software Software engineering: Process models as part of requirements analysis Workflow management: Automation of processes Simulation: Identification of bottle-necks, calculation of needed resources

7. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 7 Business Process Lifecycle M. zur Muehlen: Workflow-based Process Controlling, 2004

8. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 8 Heterogeneity problems AML BPEL4WS tools : metamodel : interchange format

9. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 9 Standardised interchange format is missing

10. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 10 Agenda 2. BPM Standards

11. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 11 Standardisation Initiatives Object Management Group (OMG) Workflow Management Coalition Business Process Management Initiative (BPMI) Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) (+ UN/CEFACT) World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) academic initiatives

12. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 12 BPM Specifications Business Process Definition Metamodel (BPDM) by OMG Business Process Execution Language for Web Services (BPEL4WS) by OASIS Business Process Modeling Language (BPML) by BPMI Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) by BPMI Business Process Specification Schema (BPSS) by OASIS + UN/CEFACT EPC Markup Language (EPML) by academia OWL-S by academia Petri Net Markup Language (PNML) by academia UML ActD by OMG WS-Choreography Description Language (WSCDL) by W3C WS Choreography Interface (WSCI) by W3C WS Choreography Language (WSCL) by Hewlett-Packard WS Flow Language (WSFL) by IBM XLANG by Microsoft XML Process Definition Language (XPDL) by WfMC

13. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 13 Effects of Standardization of interchange formates Pragmatic effect: interchange of models Economic effect:reduced lock-in, more competition conceptual effect:consolidation of concepts see: J. Mendling, G. Neumann, M. Nüttgens: A Comparison of XML Interchange Formats for Business Process Modelling. In: F. Feltz, A. Oberweis, B. Otjacques, eds.: Proc. of EMISA 2004 "Informationssysteme im E-Business und E-Government", Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Vol. 56 of Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), pages 129-140, October 2004.

14. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 14 Metamodels and interchange formats see J. Mendling, G. Neumann, M. Nüttgens: A Comparison of XML Interchange Formats for Business Process Modelling. In: F. Feltz, A. Oberweis, B. Otjacques, eds.: Proc. of EMISA 2004 "Informationssysteme im E-Business und E-Government", Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Vol. 56 of Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), pages 129-140, October 2004.

15. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 15 Interchange formats: general design criteria simpleto be easy to understand (by expert!) completeinclude all important concepts generalsuitable for different scenarios unambigousprecise terminology and semantics extensible for future development and additional information see: J. Mendling, G. Neumann, M. Nüttgens: A Comparison of XML Interchange Formats for Business Process Modelling. In: F. Feltz, A. Oberweis, B. Otjacques, eds.: Proc. of EMISA 2004 "Informationssysteme im E-Business und E-Government", Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Vol. 56 of Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), pages 129-140, October 2004.

16. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 16 Agenda 3. Applicability of schema integration

17. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 17 Schema Integration Methodology Common data model Schema conflicts Merge building on similarity relations between schema concepts Disjointness Intersection Subset Equality Criteria for global integrated schema (Batini et al. 1986) Completeness Minimality Understandability

18. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 18 Case of PNML and BPEL4WS

19. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 19 Metamodels of PNML and BPEL4WS

20. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 20 Using schema integration?

21. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 21 Agenda 4. Ingredients of BPM schema integration

22. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 22 Keep the balance Bottom-up schema integration Required concepts and relationships Generalisation of concepts Top-down domain modelling Identify mappings between concepts Consolidation of concepts

23. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 23 Which modifications are needed?

24. Jan Mendling Abteilung für Wirtschaftsinformatik und Neue Medien, WU Wien Vielen Dank für die Aufmerksamkeit

25. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 25 Metamodels and interchange formats see J. Mendling, G. Neumann, M. Nüttgens: A Comparison of XML Interchange Formats for Business Process Modelling. In: F. Feltz, A. Oberweis, B. Otjacques, eds.: Proc. of EMISA 2004 "Informationssysteme im E-Business und E-Government", Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Vol. 56 of Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), pages 129-140, October 2004.

26. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 26 Standardisierungs-Organisationen Object Management Group (OMG) Workflow Management Coalition Business Process Management Initiative (BPMI) Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) (+ UN/CEFACT) World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Akademische Initiativen

27. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 27 Effekte der Standardisierung von Austauchformaten Pragmatischer Effekt: Austausch von Modellen Ökonomischer Effekt:Reduzierter Lock-In, mehr Wettbewerb Konzeptioneller Effekt:Konsolidation der Konzepte see: J. Mendling, G. Neumann, M. Nüttgens: A Comparison of XML Interchange Formats for Business Process Modelling. In: F. Feltz, A. Oberweis, B. Otjacques, eds.: Proc. of EMISA 2004 "Informationssysteme im E-Business und E-Government", Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Vol. 56 of Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), pages 129-140, October 2004.

28. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 28 Agenda 3. Wie kann man Austauschformate definieren?

29. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 29 Aufgreifen der Vorlesung Methode, Technik, … see: D. Karagiannis, H. Kühn: Metamodelling Plattforms. In: K. Bauknecht, A. Min Tjoa, G. Quirchmayer, eds.: Proceedings of the Third International Conference EC-Web 2002 – Dexa 2002, Aix-en-Provence, France, Vol. 2455 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS), pages 182, September 2002. http://www.dke.univie.ac.at/mmp/FullVersion_MMP_DexaECWeb2002.pdf

30. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 30 Modell und Datei UML-KlassendiagrammXMI-Datei

31. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 31 Austauschformate: Allgemeine Gestaltungs-Kriterien Einfachheitgute Verständlichkeit VollständigkeitBereitstellung aller wichtigen Konzepte Allgemeingültigkeitfür verschiedene Szenarien geeignet EindeutigkeitPräzise Terminologie und Semantik Erweiterbarkeitfür Zusatzinfo und Weiterentwicklung see: J. Mendling, G. Neumann, M. Nüttgens: A Comparison of XML Interchange Formats for Business Process Modelling. In: F. Feltz, A. Oberweis, B. Otjacques, eds.: Proc. of EMISA 2004 "Informationssysteme im E-Business und E-Government", Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Vol. 56 of Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), pages 129-140, October 2004.

32. How to Consolidate heterogeneous BPM standards 04.05.2005Slide 32 Spezifikationsmöglichkeiten Interchange Format Only bspw. BPEL4WS Mappings Only bspw. XMI Joint Specification bspw. PNML see: J. Mendling, G. Neumann, M. Nüttgens: A Comparison of XML Interchange Formats for Business Process Modelling. In: F. Feltz, A. Oberweis, B. Otjacques, eds.: Proc. of EMISA 2004 "Informationssysteme im E-Business und E-Government", Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Vol. 56 of Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), pages 129-140, October 2004.