2. The Moon

4. The moon’s light. The sun’s light is reflected off of the moon’s surface. The different colors on the moon’s surface are caused by the different types of bedrock/regolith.

5. The Apparent Change Percentage of illumination – revolution. Size changes --- shape of the moons orbit. –Large apparent diameter------ closer to Earth –Smaller Apparent diameter— farther from Earth

6. Moon Phase Names 1 = New Moon 2 = First Crescent 3 = First Quarter 4 = First Gibbous 5 = Full Moon 6 = Last Gibbous 7 = Last Quarter 8 = Last Crescent

9. Sun 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Earth

10. Full Moon

11. First Quarter

12. Last Gibbous

13. First Crescent

14. Lunar Cycle- New Moon to New Moon 29 ½ days

15. Q: Why do we always see the same side of the moon? A:Because it rotates at the same rate it revolves. (Pg 15 ESRT) Q:Why is the period of revolution of the moon 27 1/3 days and the lunar month is 29 ½ days? Because the Earth is revolving around the Sun at the same time that the Moon is revolving around the Earth.

16. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXseTWTZlks https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssA7Ew_BQHY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LaqrQyTm9B4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXseTWTZlks

19. –F = force –G = gravitational constant –m = mass of object –r = distance between them As the distance between two objects doubles, the gravitation force reduces exponentially

20. r = 1 r = 2

21. r = 1 r = 2

26. Eclipses Solar Eclipse –The moon casts a shadow on the earth. –Phase of Moon- New Moon

28. Solar Eclipse

29. Solar Eclipse from Mir

30. Christmas Partial Solar Eclipse 2000

33. Eclipses Lunar Eclipse –The earth casts its shadow on the moon –Phase of moon- Full Moon

34. Eclipses

36. Why eclipses don’t occur every month Because the moon’s plane of orbit is on a 5 degree tilt with respect to the Earth’s plane of orbit. The moon’s shadow does not reach Earth’s surface when it is at apogee

38. Lunar Eclipse

39. Tides Gravity –The force of attraction between two masses –Gravity is directly related to the mass of two objects and the distance between them.

40. Water on the face of the Earth is pulled by the moon and the Sun. The Earth’s rotation causes this force to move the oceans like a large wobbling plate. This oscillation causes the water level to periodically rise and fall. This is called tides.

41. Tides vary from place to place. Tides can range from one foot to forty feet every 6 hours. The bay of Fundy has forty foot tides.

44. Tides Cause of tides –Water on the surface of the Earth has mass. –The moon’s gravitational force pulls on the water. –The sun also pulls on the oceans but it is farther away so its influence is less. –If the Earth had no moon would we still have tides?

45. As the moon orbits the Earth it causes the Average tides to change. During a full and new moon the high tides are higher and the low tides are lower. During the quarter moon high tides are lower and low tides are higher

46. Spring Tides at New Moon Sun Earth New Moon Higher high tides, lower low tides.

47. Neap Tides at Quarter Moon Sun Earth Quarter Moon Higher low tides, lower high tides.