1. Sexual Motivation by: Aryanna Reid
“Maybe …it starts with a kiss”

2. Sexual Response Cycle
Sexual response cycle: 4 stages of sexual responding by masters and Johnson- excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
Stage 1: Excitement
-genital areas engorge with blood, woman’s vagina expands and
secretes lubricant, breasts and nipples may enlarge
Stage 2: Plateau
-excitement peaks as breathing, pulse, and blood pressure rates continue to increase, penis becomes fully engorged and some fluid, enough live sperm to enable conception- may appear at its tip. Vaginal secretion continues to increase, clitoris retracts, and orgasm feels imminent
Sexual arousal depends on the interplay of internal and external stimuli.

3. Sexual Response Cycle Stage 3: Orgasm
-Muscle contractions occur all over body, further increases in breathing, pulse, and blood pressure rates. A woman’s orgasm not only reinforces intercourse but is essential to reproduction
Stage 4: Resolution
- The body gradually turns back into un-aroused state as the engorged genital blood vessels release their accumulated blood- relatively quickly if orgasm has occurred
-Refractory period: incapable of another orgasm.
-Males refractory period last from a few minutes to a day or more
-Females refractory period enable her to have an orgasm if re-stimulated during or soon after resolution.
*Woman’s arousal and orgasm facilitate conception by helping propel semen from the penis, positioning the uterus to receive sperm, and drawing the sperm further inward.
*Feeling is apparently the same for both sexes
*When put in PET scans while having an orgasm , same regions in both sexes light up

4. Female Sexual Responses
Orgasms
-Clitoral: Pudendal nerves
-Vaginal: Pelvic nerves
The “G” Spot
-Grafenberg originally identified
-Swells during arousal- Stimulation prompts orgasm
-Spongy tissue fills with blood
-Usually difficult to find on some women

5. Sexual Disorders
Masters and Johnson sought to treat thee inability to complete the sexual response cycle.
Sexual disorders: A problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning
Some involve sexual motivation ( lack of sexual energy and arousability)
Sexual disorders for men include
-Premature ejaculation and erectile dysfunction: inability to have or maintain an erection
Sexual disorders for woman include
-Orgasmic Disorder: infrequently or never experiencing an orgasm
*Men and Woman can be helped by receiving therapy
* Erectile disorders have been treated by the introduction of viagra

6. Hormones & Sexual Behavior
Effects of Sexual Hormones
-direct the physical development of male & female sex characteristics
-Activate sexual behavior
The sex hormones testosterone & estrogen are present in both males and females, but males have a higher level of testosterone and females a higher level of estrogen
If a normal level is present, hormones have a looser influence on human sexual behavior, though desire does rise slightly at ovulation among women with mates.
Women’s sexuality is more responsive to testosterone level than to estrogen level.
Short term shifts in testosterone levels are normal in men

7. Role of External Stimuli
Erotic material can trigger sexual arousal in both men and women, though the activated brain areas differ somewhat
Explicit material can lead people to view their partners as less appealing and de-value relationships
Sexually coercive material tends to increase a viewers acceptance to rape and violence towards woman
Fantasies influence sexual arousal

8. Teen pregnancy
Rates of teen intercourse differ from culture to culture
In the 20th century, increased teen sexual activity in North America was reflected in increased rates of adolescent pregnancies.
Factors the contribute to teen pregnancy:
-ignorance to potential consequences
-guilt related to sexual activity
-minimal communication about contraceptives with parents
-peer pressure
-alcohol use
-The Media, norms of unprotected promiscuity

9. Sexually Transmitted Infections
Unprotected sex has lead to increased rates of STI’s (Aids, Herpes, etc..)
People under the age of 25 account for two-thirds of percentage
Teen girls are especially vulnerable because of less mature bodies & lower levels of protective antibodies
Predictors of Teen sexual restraint:
-High intelligence, religiosity, father presence, participation in service learning programs.

10. Sexual Orientation
Homosexuality is NOT related to traumatic childhood experiences, parenting styles, the quality of relationships with parents, masculinity or femininity, or whether we are raised by heterosexual or homosexual parents.
Researchers HAVE identified possible biological influences. 
Scientist Simon LeVay discovered that certain brain structures are different in homosexual and heterosexual males but that does not mean than genetics caused the brain differences (environmental influences)
Twin studies indicate a genetic influence on sexual orientation since a twin is much more likely to be homosexual if his or her identical twin is homosexual.

11. Sex & Human Values
Scientific research on sexual motivation does not attempt to define the personal meaning of sex in our lives, but sex research and education are not value-free
Some say that researchers and educators should openly acknowledge their sex –related values, recognizing the emotional significance of sexual expression.

12. Video Clip http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1rUpyxlCGTE
Over view of chapter:

13. Works Cited
CliffsNotes.com. Sexual Motivation. 21 Mar 2013 <
"Sexual Motivation." Sexual Motivation. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Mar
"Motivation." Motivation. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Mar
Myers, David G. Psychology. New York [u.a.: Worth, Print.

14. Quiz What are the stages of the sexual response cycle?
In what stage does the body return back to an un-aroused state?
Who identified the “g spot” on a female?
Which scientist dealt with studies regarding sexual orientation?
What is the sexual disorder that impairs men from having or maintaining an erection?
How does explicit material de-value relationships?
What is the role of sexual hormones?
What are 3 factors that contribute to teen pregnancy?
Which group of people are more vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections?
Which part of a female swells during arousal?