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Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. The whois Database Introduction and Usage.

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Presentation on theme: "Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. The whois Database Introduction and Usage."— Presentation transcript:

1 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net The whois Database Introduction and Usage

2 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 2 Overview What is the whois database? Why use it? Who uses it? Database query process Database update process

3 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 3 What is the whois Database? Network Management Database Contains information about –address space –DNS domains –IP routing policies –contact information

4 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 4 Why use the Database? Queries –Ascertain custodianship of a resource –Obtain details of technical contacts for a network –Investigate security incidents –Track source of network abuse or “spam” email Updates –Register use of Internet resources –IP networks, ASNs, reverse DNS, etc. –Update existing records –Fulfill responsibilities as resource holder

5 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 5 Who uses the Database ? Queries –Internet Service Providers –Site network managers and engineers –Any Internet user Updates –Internet registries (RIRs, LIRs) –Internet Service Providers –Anyone who holds an Internet resource

6 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 6 Database Objects Database object types OBJECT PURPOSE personcontact persons rolecontact groups/roles inetnumIPv4 address allocations/assignments inet6numIPv6 address allocations/assignments aut-numautonomous system number as-macrogroup of autonomous systems domainreverse domains routeprefixes being announced mntner(maintainer) database authorisation

7 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 7 Contact Information Example object - ‘person’ person: address: country: phone: fax-no: e-mail: nic-hdl: mnt-by: changed: source: Brajesh Jain B 115 SARVODAYA ENCLAVE NEW DELHI 110017 TH +91-11-6864138 +91-11-6865888 bcjain@ndb.vsnl.net.in BJ16-AP MAINT-IN-ESTEL-BCJ bcjain@ndb.vsnl.net.in 20000429 APNIC Attributes Values

8 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 8 Network Information Example object - ‘inetnum’ inetnum: netname: descr: country: admin-c: tech-c: mnt-by: mnt-lower: changed: source: 203.113.0.0 - 203.113.31.255 TOTNET-AP Telephone Organization of THAILAND(TOT) Telephone and IP Network Service Provider TH NM18-AP RC80-AP APNIC-HM MAINT-TH-SS163-AP hostmaster@apnic.net 19990922 APNIC Attributes Values

9 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 9 Database Query - Search Keys OBJECT TYPE ATTRIBUTES - SEARCH KEYS *whois supports queries on any of these objects/keys name, nic-hdl, e-mail maintainer name network number, name domain name as number as-macro name route value network number, name person role mntner inetnum domain aut-num as-macro route inet6num

10 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 10 Database Query - Inetnum Notes Notes Incomplete addresses padded with “.0” Incomplete addresses padded with “.0” Address without prefix interpreted as “/32” Address without prefix interpreted as “/32” % whois 203.127.128.0 - 203.127.159.255 % whois SINGNET-SG % whois 202.127.128.0/19 inetnum: 203.127.128.0 - 203.127.159.255 netname: SINGNET-SG descr: Singapore Telecommunications Ltd descr: 31, Exeter Road, #02-00, Podium Block descr: Comcentre, 0923 country: SG admin-c: CWL3-AP tech-c: CWL3-AP mnt-by: APNIC-HM changed: hostmaster@apnic.net 19990803 source: APNIC

11 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 11 Database Query - Inetnum RIPE extended whois client ftp://ftp.ripe.net/ripe/dbase/software/ripe-dbase-3.0.tar.gz Flags used for inetnum queries Nonefind exact match - L find all less specific matches - m find first level more specific matches - M find all More specific matches - r turn off recursive lookups

12 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 12 210.8.30/23 Database Query - Inetnum inetnum hierarchy: whois 210.8.0.0/16 All less specifics (-L) 210/7 0/0 Exact match 210.8/16 All more specifics (-M) 1st level more Specific (-m)

13 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 13 ‘-M’ will find all assignments in a range in the database inetnum:202.144.0.0 - 202.144.31.255 netname:SILNET-AP descr: Satyam Infoway Pvt.Ltd.,..... inetnum: 202.144.13.104 - 202.144.13.111 netname: SOFTCOMNET descr: SOFTCOM LAN (Internet)IP...... inetnum:202.144.1.0 - 202.144.1.255 descr: SILNET descr: Satyam Infoway's Chennai LAN..... % whois -M 202.144.0.0/19 Database Query - Inetnum

14 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 14 inetnum: 202.166.224.0 - 202.166.255.255 netname: NECTW-BIGLOBE descr: ISP Division of NEC Taiwan Ltd. country: TW admin-c: SC23-AP tech-c: EC119-AP …… aut-num: AS9283 as-name: NECTW-AS descr: ISP Division of NEC Taiwan Ltd. tech-c: EC119-AP mntner: NECTW-ISP-AP descr: NEC Biglobe Taiwan wide admin-c: SC23-AP tech-c: EC119-AP person: Emily Hui Chou address: ISP Division of NEC Taiwan Ltd. country: TW phone: +886-2-85001787 e-mail: tech@biglobe.net.tw nic-hdl: EC119-AP % whois -i person EC119-AP Database Query - Inverse

15 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 15 Whois Web Interface

16 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 16 Whois Web Interface

17 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 17 Database Query - Options Summary of other flags - iinverse lookup on given attribute - T search only for objects of given type - tgive template for given type - vverbose information for given type - hspecify database server site For more information try... whois -h whois.apnic.net HELP whois -h whois.ripe.net HELP

18 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 18 Database Update Process –Email requests to –Each request contains an object template Update Request Template<auto-dbm@ripe.net> Parse Warnings/Errors returned Error Auth. Data Base Whois Server

19 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 19 Database Update Process Update transactions –Create a new object –Change attributes of an object –Deletean object Updates are submitted by email E-mail to: Email message contains template with new or updated object Template

20 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 20 Object Template whois -t Recognised by the RIPE whois client/server person: [mandatory] [single] [primary/look-up key] address: [mandatory] [multiple] [ ] country: [optional] [single] [ ] phone: [mandatory] [multiple] [ ] fax-no: [optional] [multiple] [ ] e-mail: [optional] [multiple] [look-up key] nic-hdl: [mandatory] [single] [primary/look-up key] remarks: [optional] [multiple] [ ] notify: [optional] [multiple] [inverse key] mnt-by: [optional] [multiple] [inverse key] changed: [mandatory] [multiple] [ ] source: [mandatory] [single] [ ] % whois -h whois.ripe.net -t person

21 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 21 Parse Database Update Process Automatic request processing –Automatic “robot” for all database updates –Email template for create/update/delete Templates are syntax checked –Warnings –Errors Database service support

22 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 22 Data Protection Authorisation –“mnt-by” attribute references a “mntner” (maintainer) object –“mnt-by” should be used with every object Authentication –Updates to an object must pass authentication rule specified by its maintainer object Auth.

23 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 23 Data Protection Failed Authorisation –Template NOT corrected and object NOT accepted –Automatic email notification sent to requestor –Automatic email notification sent to “notify” address Successful update –If Parse and Auth. steps succeed, database is updated –Confirmation by email to requestor

24 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 24 –Maintainer object example Authentication/Authorisation inetnum: 193.1.2.0/24 descr: SYNFUX-NET mnt-by:MAINT-AU-SYNFLUX mntner:MAINT-AU-SYNFLUX descr:Synflux International Pty. country:AU admin-c: UG1-AP tech-c: UG1-AP upd-to: umar@synflux.com.au mnt-nfy: umar@synflux.com.au auth: CRYPT-PW apnbVcktyz6UY mnt-by: MAINT-AU-SYNFLUX changed: umar@synflux.com.au 19990404

25 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 25 Authentication/Authorisation Maintainer specific attributes –notify: Sends notification of any changes to maintained objects to email address specified –mnt-by: Maintainers must also be protected! (Normally by themselves) –auth: Authentication method for this maintainer

26 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net 26 Authentication/Authorisation ‘auth’ attribute gives authentication method –NONE Strongly discouraged! –MAIL-FROM Very weak authentication. Discouraged –CRYPT-PW Crypt (Unix) password encryption Use web page to create your maintainer –PGP-KEY

27 Anne Lord & Mirjam Kühne. AfNOG Workshop, 10 May 2001. http://www.ripe.net Questions

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