1. Quotation Marks PUNCTUATING DIRECT QUOTATIONS AND INDIRECT QUOTATIONS

2. Direct Quotation Rules and Examples 1. Use quotation marks to enclose a direct quotation—a persons exact words. ExampleMelanie said, “This car is making a very strange noise.” 2. Do not use quotation marks for an indirect quotation—a rewording of a direct quotation. ExampleMelanie said that the car was making a very strange noise.

3. Interrupting Expressions 3. A direct quotation generally begins with a capital letter, but when an interrupting expression divides a quoted sentence into two parts, the second part begins with a lowercase letter. Example“I wish,” she said, “that we went to the same school.” If the second part of a quotation is a new sentence, a period (not a comma) follows the interrupting expression, and the second part begins with a capital letter. Example“I requested an interview,” the reporter said. “She told me she was too busy.”

4. Interrupting Expressions 4. A direct quotation can be set off from the rest of the sentence by a comma, a question mark, or an exclamation point, but not by a period. ExamplesDelores explained, “You know how much I like chicken,” as she passed her plate for more. “When will we be leaving?” asked Tony The plumber shouted, “Turn off the faucet!” when the water started gushing out of the pipe.

5. When used with quotation marks, other marks of punctuation are placed according to the following rules: 1. Commas and periods are placed inside closing quotation marks. Example“I haven’t seen the movie,” remarked Jeannette, “but I understand that it is excellent.” 2. Semicolons and colons are placed outside closing quotation marks. ExampleSocrates once said, “As for me, all I know is that I know nothing”; I wonder why everyone thinks he was such a wise man. The following actresses were nominated for the award for “best performance in a leading role”: Helen Hunt, Meryl Streep, Cher, and Jodi Foster.

6. When used with quotation marks, other marks of punctuation are placed according to the following rules: 3. Question marks and exclamation points are placed inside the closing quotation marks if the quotation itself is a question or and exclamation; otherwise, they are placed outside. Examples“Is it too cold here?” the manager asked as I shivered. “Yes!” I answered. “Please turn down the air conditioner!” Can you explain the saying “Penny wise, pound foolish”? It’s not an insult to be called a “bookworm”!

7. Practice and Apply Assignment: Pg. 363 exercise 2: writing sentences with direct and indirect quotations