1. Written and designed by Student: Evoyan Levon Form: 10”B” School: №6 Town: Pyatigorsk Teacher: Garbuzenko D.N.

2. 1.IntroductionIntroduction 2.Bidding processBidding process 3.CountdownCountdown 4.Torch relayTorch relay 5.Opening ceremonyOpening ceremony 6.MedalsMedals 7.Logo and graphicsLogo and graphics 8.MascotsMascots 9.Public transportPublic transport 10.VenuesVenues 11.BroadcastingBroadcasting 12.Medal countMedal count 13.Closing ceremonyClosing ceremony

3. The 2012 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XXX Olympiad and commonly known as London 2012, was a major international multi-sport event celebrated in the tradition of the Olympic Games, as governed by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). It took place in London, United Kingdom, from 27 July to 12 August 2012. This is the clear version of the official logo.

4. Lord Coe – the head of the London 2012 bid By 15 July 2003, the deadline for interested cities to submit bids to the International Olympic Committee (IOC), nine cities had submitted bids to host the 2012 Summer Olympics: Havana, Istanbul, Leipzig, London, Madrid, Moscow, New York City, Paris and Rio de Janeiro. Throughout the process, Paris was widely seen as the favourite, particularly as this was its third bid in recent years. London was seen at first as lagging Paris by a considerable margin. Its position began to improve after the appointment of Lord Coe as the new head of London 2012 on 19 May 2004.

5. A countdown clock in Trafalgar Square was unveiled, 500 days before the Games. The clock broke down the following day, but was later fixed. The countdown to the start of the Olympics began with a ceremony for the lighting of the Olympic flame in Olympia, Greece. The Countdown Clock inTrafalgar Square Clock

6. The Olympics torch relay ran from 19 May to 27 July 2012, before the Games. The relay lasted 70 days, with 66 evening celebrations and six island visits. These torchbearers were Callum Airlie, Jordan Duckitt, Desiree Henry, Katie Kirk, Cameron MacRitchie, Aidan Reynolds, and Adelle Tracey. The torch relay in Newport, Isle of Wight Callum Airlie

7. The opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympic Games took place on the evening of Friday 27 July in the Olympic Stadium, London. As mandated by the Olympic Charter, the proceedings combined the formal and ceremonial opening of this international sporting event, including welcoming speeches, hoisting of the flags and the parade of athletes, with an artistic spectacle to showcase the host nation’s culture. For London 2012 the Games were formally opened by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.

8. Approximately 4,700 Olympic and Paralympic medals were produced by the Royal Mint at Llantrisant. The value of the materials in the gold medal is about £410 (US $644), the silver about £210 (US $330), and the bronze about £3 (US $4.71) as of 30 July 2012.

9. The Paralympics logo (far left) and the different official colour combinations for the Wolff Olins main logo design There have been two London 2012 logos: one created by Kino Design for the bidding process and a second as the brand for the Games themselves. The former was a ribbon with blue, yellow, black, green and red stripes winding through the text "LONDON 2012", making the shape of the River Thames in East London. The latter, designed by Wolff Olins, was published on 4 June 2007. It is a representation of the number 2012, with the Olympic Rings embedded within the zero.

10. Тhe official mascots for the 2012 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games were unveiled on 19 May 2010. Wenlock and Mandeville are animations depicting two drops of steel from a steelworks in Bolton. They are named after Much Wenlock, a town in Shropshire that holds a forerunner of the current Olympic Games, and Stoke Mandeville, a village in Buckinghamshire where a forerunner of the Paralympic Games was first held. The Olympic Mascots, Mandeville (left) and Wenlock (right)

11. The Olympic Javelin service ran betweenSt Pancras and Ebbsfleet, via Stratford Olympic rings marked on a street, indicating that the lane was reserved for the use of Olympic athletes and staff. London's public transport scored poorly in the IOC's initial evaluation; however, it felt that, if the improvements were delivered in time for the Games, London would cope. Transport for London(TfL) carried out numerous improvements in preparation for 2012, including the expansion of the London Overground's East London Line, upgrades to the Docklands Light Railway and the North London Line, and the introduction of a new "Javelin" high-speed rail service.

12. Aerial view of the Olympic Park in April 2012 The 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games used a mixture of new venues, existing and historic facilities, and temporary facilities, some of them in well- known locations such as Hyde Park and Horse Guards Parade. The majority of venues have been divided into three zones within Greater London: the Olympic Zone, the River Zone and the Central Zone. In addition there are a few venues that, by necessity, are outside the boundaries of Greater London, such as the Weymouth and Portland National Sailing Academy some 125 miles (200 km) southwest of London, which hosted the sailing events. The football tournament was staged at several grounds around the UK. The Weymouth and Portland National Sailing Academy on the Isle of Portland in Dorset hosted the sailing events

13. The International Broadcast Centre in June 2011 The host broadcaster was Olympic Broadcasting Services (OBS), an agency of the IOC. It used its own cameras, and crews subcontracted from other Olympic broadcasters, to cover the events. The base video and audio were sold to other broadcasters, who added their own commentary and presentation.

14. Rank NOCGoldSilverBronzeTotal 1 United States (U SA)United States 4629 104 2 China (C HN)China 38272388 3 Great Britain ( GBR)*Great Britain 29171965 4 Russia ( RUS)Russia 24263282 5 South Korea (K OR)South Korea 138728 6 German y (GER)German y 11191444 7 France ( FRA)France 11 1234 8 Italy (IT A)Italy 891128 9 Hungary (HUN)Hungary 84618 10 Australi a (AUS)Australi a 7161235 Total (85 NOCs)30230435614 A total of 85 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) won medals, 54 of those countries winning at least one gold medal. Bahrain, Botswana, Cyprus,Gabon, Grenada (a gold medal), Guatemala, and Montenegro won their first ever Olympic medals.

15. The closing ceremony of the London 2012 Summer Olympics, also known as A Symphony of British Music, was held on 12 August in the Olympic Stadium. The closing ceremony was created by Kim Gavin, Es Devlin, Stephen Daldry, David Arnold and Mark Fisher. The worldwide broadcast began at 21:00 and finished at 00:11.