1. SHOCC + DDS integration within ESP-r - a summary … Denis Bourgeois, École d'architecture, Université Laval (Québec, Canada) ESP-r Developers Conference (ESRU, Glasgow, March 2007)

2. SHOCC + DDS integration within ESP-r ESP-r 2007 Developer's Conference In a nutshell … rather than relying on traditional diversity profiles 1 that reduce complexity 2 to aggregates 3 … or deterministic control SHOCC models as individual agents … occupants IT equipment window blinds operable windows lights simulates stochastic occupant interactions in detail behavior models strictly based on field evidence returns useful data to ESP-r, e.g. heat injections as casual gains state of window blinds 1 23

3. SHOCC + DDS integration within ESP-r ESP-r 2007 Developer's Conference In a nutshell … DDS is a standardized daylight coefficient method for daylighting/insolation based on past + current DC methods … Reinhart & Walkenhorst … Daysim 1 Mardaljevic Janak & MacDonald … ESP-r 2 Ward … rtcontrib initiative to avoid redundancy in DC methods standard file format XML based, software independent standard control to dynamically modify DCs how to change DCs if blind goes down? standard query to probe DDS data at runtime min. illuminance out of many sensors? 1 2

4. SHOCC + DDS integration within ESP-r ESP-r 2007 Developer's Conference In a nutshell … DDS + SHOCC in conjunction within ESP-r example: DDS: flag if direct glare SHOCC: if occupant(s) in, manually lower blinds DDS: adjust illuminances/irradiances SHOCC: not enough daylight - switch on lights then … update corresponding ESP-r variables e.g. TMC optical set to use e.g. casual gains (repeat process per zone per time step) core engine of new Daylight 1-2-3 tool 1 (release summer 2007) 1

5. SHOCC + DDS integration within ESP-r ESP-r 2007 Developer's Conference SHOCC excerpt of a zones/.shz file describing lighting … 1 fixture per 9 workstations + 1 fixture in aisle overall room ON/OFF occupancy sensing dimming (based on DDS-provided illuminances) OFF-sensing in all workstations 1 *units *light overhead t5s Lights *units 10 office ON_OFF ARRAY *controllers 10 ANY workers 10 ANY janitors *endcontrollers *units 10 dimzone DIMMING ARRAY *dimmer ideal *units 9 stations OFF SINGLE *controllers 9 EVERY workers 1 ANY janitors *endcontrollers *endunits *endlight *endunits fixture ID, based on generic item, ESP-r casual gain # units, where?, control, as SINGLE or ARRAY? all 10 units ON/OFF if sensing ANY workers or janitors all 10 units as an ARRAY dimmed using ideal definition 9 units can switched be OFF individually (occupancy-sensing) EVERY 9 units independently sensing own worker 1 unit also senses janitors to account for occasional use recursive encapsulation for control no static limit: # objects, lighting zones, etc.

6. SHOCC + DDS integration within ESP-r ESP-r 2007 Developer's Conference DDS daylight coefficients (DCs)? step 1: using e.g. Radiance determine # rays hitting each sky segment step 2: set fictitious uniform sky luminance (L) to normalize each segment contribution to sensor illuminance (E) … obtaining DC step 3:runtime coupling of DCs with sky luminance distribution model to get sensor illuminance similar steps for ground and sun DCs sky discretisation schemes E (x) = L a DS a DC a(x) sky luminosity distribution models

7. SHOCC + DDS integration within ESP-r ESP-r 2007 Developer's Conference DDS sky discretisation 145 diffuse sky segments 1 diffuse ground segment 145 indirect solar positions 2035 direct solar positions even distribution of sky segments and sun positions throughout sky dome provides independence of site location

8. SHOCC + DDS integration within ESP-r ESP-r 2007 Developer's Conference DDS sky discretisation 2035 direct solar positions very accurate when compared to Radiance example of sharp shadow casting during setting sun Vancouver, Sep. 12th west-facing room discrepancies become more important for solar processes than photocell- dimmed lighting

9. SHOCC + DDS integration within ESP-r ESP-r 2007 Developer's Conference DDS principle that third-party lighting software could produce higher-resolution models (than energy simulation programs) used for DC calculations … yet still couple DCs with energy simulation building data (e.g. BIM) daylight data energy data integrated building energy simulation (e.g. ESP-r) energy performance metrics daylighting performance metrics DDS DC calculation (e.g. gen_dc) daylighting analysis (e.g. dds) DDS DC data

10. SHOCC + DDS integration within ESP-r ESP-r 2007 Developer's Conference DDS use same DC data to reconvert illuminances to irradiances for predicting insolation patterns in complex environments urban canyons courtyards atria multiple skin facades [comment from Paul on BESTEST results?] can also be useful to get daylighting/insolation through complex shading systems regarding latest discussions on TMCs, what's the angle of incidence behind these louvers? why assume only 1 (or 2)?

11. SHOCC + DDS integration within ESP-r ESP-r 2007 Developer's Conference SHOCC + DDS work well in conjunction but can work independently SHOCC can be used to predict manual control (based on behavioural evidence) or automated control of blinds (both based on direct glare avoidance) e.g. blinds UP/DOWN … without awareness of technical solution to account for blind changes upcoming development branch (thanks to Jon + Paul for recent comments) efforts to link SHOCC to third party population mobility models (Hoes + Hensen) DDS supported by NRC-NRCan collaborators: Christoph ReinhartPhylroy Lopez Aziz LaouadiFrançois Dubrous Octavian Stelescu