1. Foot Anatomy

2. Bone Anatomy Tarsal Bones Calcaneus Cuboid Navicular 3 Cuneiforms
5 metatarsals
14 phalanges (proximal, middle, distal)
Exception

3. Mnemonic for Learning Tarsal Bones:
Tiger Cubs Need M I L C
Navicular
A boat
It sails on the Cs
Talus
Medial
cuneiform (1)
Intermediate
cuneiform (2)
Superior View of Foot
Mnemomic is for tarsals only; does not include metatarsals or phalanges
Push slide show button at bottom R
Lateral
cuneiform (3)
Calcaneus
Cuboid
Click R Button for Slideshow

4. Division of the Foot
Rearfoot
Midfoot
Forefoot

5. Hindfoot (Rearfoot) Subtalor Joint Talus and calcaneus articulation
Inferior Talus

6. Midfoot
Composed of
Navicular
3 cuneiforms
cuboid

7. Forefoot 5 MT’s Phalanges Proximally 1-3 articulate with cuneiforms
Proximally 4-5 articulate with cuboid
Bases articulate with:
Phalanges

8. Articulations and Ligamentous Support
Subtalor Joint
Three facets
Motions of the Subtalor Joint
Inversion
Eversion

9. Hindfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support
Subtalor Joint
Ligamentous Support
Medial
Deltoid Ligament
Lateral
ATF CF PTF
Intra-articular Ligaments
Interosseous Talocalcaneal
Medial Talocalcaneal
Lateral Talocalcaneal

10. Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support
Six Joints
Talocalcaneonavicular
Calcaneocuboid
Cuboideonavicular
Intercuneiform
Cuneocuboid
Cuneonavicular

11. Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support
Talocalcaneonavicular Joint
Plantar Calcaneonavicular (Spring Ligament)
Talonavicular
Bifurcate
Calcaneonavicular
Calcaneocuboid
Calcaneocuboid Joint
Bifurcate Ligament
Calcaneocuboid portion
Plantar Calcaneocuboid
Long Plantar Ligament

12. Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support
Talocalcaneonacicular Joint
Plantar Calcaneonavicular (Spring Ligament)
Talonavicular
Bifurcate
Calcaneonavicular
Calcaneocuboid
Calcaneocuboid Joint
Bifurcate Ligament
Calcaneocuboid portion
Plantar Calcaneocuboid
Long Plantar Ligament

13. Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support
Intercuneiform Joints
Dorsal and Plantar Intercuneifrom Ligaments
Cuneocuboid
Plantar and Dorsal Cuneocuboid Ligaments
Cuneonavicular Joints
Plantar and Dorsal Cuneonavicular Ligaments

14. Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support
Intercuneiform Joints
Dorsal and Plantar Intercuneifrom Ligaments
Cuneocuboid
Plantar and Dorsal Cuneocuboid Ligaments
Cuneonavicular Joints
Plantar and Dorsal Cuneonavicular Ligaments

15. Forefoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support
Tarsometatarsal Joint (Lisfranc’s Joint)
Intermetatarsal Joint
Metatarsalphalangeal Joint (MTP)
Interphalangeal Joint
PIP
DIP

16. Forefoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support
Intermetatarsal Joint
Plantar Metatarsal Lig
Dorsal Metatarsal Lig
MTP Joints
Plantar Fascia
Plantar Ligament
MCL and LCL
Interphalangeal Joints
Plantar and dorsal joint capsule

17. Arches Ligaments in foot & ankle maintain arches
Two longitudinal arches
Medial longitudinal arch - extends from calcaneus bone to talus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms, and proximal ends of 3 medial metatarsals
Lateral longitudinal arch - extends from calcaneus to cuboid and proximal ends of 4th & 5th metatarsals
Transverse arch
extends across foot from 1st metatarsal to the 5th metatarsal

18. Arches of the Foot Medial Longitudinal Arch Calcaneus Talus Navicular
1-3 cuneiforms
1-3 MT’s

19. Arches of the Foot Medial Longitudinal Arch continued Ligament Support
Plantar Calcaneonavicular
Long Plantar Lig
Deltoid
Plantar fascia

20. Arches of the Foot Medial Longitudinal Arch continued Ligament Support
Plantar Calcaneonavicular
Long Plantar Lig
Deltoid
Plantar fascia

21. Arches of the Foot Medial Longitudinal Arch continued Ligament Support
Plantar Calcaneonavicular
Long Plantar Lig
Deltoid
Plantar fascia

22. Arches of the Foot Medial Longitudinal Arch continued Ligament Support
Plantar Calcaneonavicular
Long Plantar Lig
Deltoid
Plantar fascia

23. Arches of the Foot Medial Longitudinal Arch continued Muscular Support
Intrinsic
Abductor Hallucis
Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Extrinsic
Tibialis Posterior
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Flexor Digitorum Longus

24. Arches of the Foot Medial Longitudinal Arch continued Muscular Support
Intrinsic
Abductor Hallucis
Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Extrinsic
Tibialis Posterior
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Flexor Digitorum Longus

25. Arches of the Foot Lateral Longitudinal Arch Composed of
Calcaneus
Cuboid
4-5th MT’s
Ligament Support
Long & Short Plantar
Plantar Fascia

26. Arches of the Foot Lateral Longitudinal Arch continued Muscle Support
Intrinsic
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Extrinisic
Peroneus Longus, Brevis & Tertius

27. Arches of the Foot Transverse Arch Formed By: Ligament Support
Intermetatarsal Ligaments
Plantar Fascia
Muscle Support
All intrinsic muscles
Extrinisic
Tibialis Posterior
Tibialis Anterior
Peroneus Longus

28. Plantar Fascia
Once the skin of the sole of the foot has been removed, there is a very dense organized layer of deep fascia that runs down the middle of the sole; this is the plantar aponeurosis.
The plantar aponeurosis is thought to help maintain the medial longitudinal arch of the foot.

29. Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface
Superficial Layer
Abductor Hallucis
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Flexor Digitorum Brevis

30. Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface
Middle Layer
Quadratus Plantae
Lumbricales

32. Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface
Deep Layer
Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Adductor Hallucis
Transverse and Oblique Heads
Flexor Digiti Minimi

33. Foot Muscles – Plantar Surface
Interosseus Layer
Plantar Interossei
Dorsal Interossei

35. Foot Muscles – Dorsal Surface
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Extensor Hallucis Brevis