1. Mobile Television Business & Technology Platforms, DVB-H, Operator Roles T-109.4300 Network Services Business Models 15.2.2006 Eino Kivisaari

2. Why mobile TV? ”Because it is there…” People watch TV a lot… …It has become technically possible to deliver the experience of TV watching in mobile terminals… So, why not..?

3. Why mobile TV? (Contd.) Terminal manufacturers are looking for new, significant factors of differentiation Advanced (new) features with real benefits are a means to avoid terminal price decline Mobile operators are looking for new succesful applications as well Mobile TV is a new channel for content providers to re-sell their existing content

4. Technical Challenges 1) Mobile Reception An antenna inside a terminal, a terminal inside a building.. Terminals are moving fast (inside cars, trains..)..Compared to a stationary roof-top antenna (DVB-T) 2) Battery Consumption Receiver always on in DVB-T Constant rendering of a 4-5 Mbps stream (DVB-T, MPEG2)  Lot of processing power needed

5. Network Capacity DVB-T: ~24 Mbps (64QAM) 3-6 Mbps / TV channel  Appr. 5 channels per multiplex DVB-H: 5-11 Mbps (QPSK…16QAM) 250-500 kbps / TV channel  Up to tens of channels Raw DVB-H bandwidth depends on the Modulation used (QPSK or 16QAM), Guard Interval, and Code Rate Guard Interval: ”air-clearout-time” between OFDM symbols Code Rate: ratio of payload and error correction data

6. New in DVB-H Time Slicing For power consumption Terminal RF receiver is off 90% of the time Time slicing makes smooth handover possible 4K Subcarrier Mode 2K: Tolerates high speed terminal movement, but only small cell size (  costly network) 8K: Big cell diameter (up to 80 km), but cannot handle terminals moving too fast 4K: Good compromise between 2K and 8K

7. IPDC Protocol Stack Source: http://www.tml.hut.fi/~lstaffan/MScThesisStaffans.pdfhttp://www.tml.hut.fi/~lstaffan/MScThesisStaffans.pdf Referenced 14.2.2006 RTP AV stream (H.263, H.264, AAC, etc.)

8. IPDC Encapsulation Source: http://www.tml.hut.fi/~lstaffan/MScThesisStaffans.pdfhttp://www.tml.hut.fi/~lstaffan/MScThesisStaffans.pdf Referenced 14.2.2006 eg. H.263 & AAC DVB Transport Stream, Protocol Data Units (PDUs)

9. Example IPDC Architecture Stream Encoder Mobile TV Management Server DVB Modulator IP / MPE Encapsulator Mobile TV Billing & Charging Multicast IP Network DVB-H Terminal DVB-H Transmitter GSM Stream Encoder Stream Encoder (IPDC = Internet Protocol DataCasting)

10. Service Announcement ESG = Electronic Service Guide ESG in DVB-H mobile television is a program guide + a lot of technical information for the terminal ESG is needed for opening a program stream: what channel’s content is coming from what IP multicast address / port, using which codec, etc… ESG also supports the paid services

11. Conditional Access Paid services for mobile TV?  Conditional Access (CA) methods needed In terrestrial TV there are many many options… Open Interface, Nagravision, Conax, etc... In DVB-H systems, IPSec and OMA DRM are used No security by obscurity Standard-based solutions No proprietary algorithms / associated fees as in the terrestrial TV case

12. Single-Frequency Networks Source: http://www.dvb-h-online.org/PDF/DigiTAG-DVB-H-Handbook.pdf Referenced 8.2.2006http://www.dvb-h-online.org/PDF/DigiTAG-DVB-H-Handbook.pdf Amount of transmitter stations: Cellular >> DVB-H >> Terrestrial Digital TV

13. Mobile TV Operator Roles Network Operator Operates the DVB-H network Modulators, Transmitters, Repeaters… Owns & operates the multicast (intra) network IP / MPE encapsulators Owner of the frequency Datacast Operator Orchestrates the mobile TV technical platform between content providers (TV channels), service operators (cellular operators), datacast operator and DVB-H network operator Generates ESG (which is then filecasted to terminals)

14. Operator Roles (Contd.) Content Provider Eg. a TV Channel (such as BBC, YLE, MTV3 or Nelonen) Owner (or aggregator) of the content Produces a digital content stream by encoding (an existing) the audio/video signal for use in mobile TV Service Operator Eg. a mobile cellular operator ”Owns” the end-user Takes care of mobile TV service marketing & branding, pricing, end-user support, billing & charging

15. Service Operator 3 Operator Roles in Providing (Paid) Mobile TV Services Network Operator Datacast Operator Service Operator 1 Content Provider Mobile TV Terminal Content Stream broadcast over DVB-H GPRS Information about purchasable services Purchase requests Digital Rights Generates ESG Operates a content stream encoder Content Provider Content Provider Content Provider Service Operator 2

16. Competing Standards DVB-H UHF (470-750 MHz) Up to 11 Mbps DAB VHF ~ 1 Mbps DMB VHF ~ 1 Mbps ISBD-T Only in Japan ~ 1,5 Mbps MediaFLO UHF, VHF Up to 11 Mbps Qualcomm (proprietary)

17. Recent Developments Nokia Open Air Interface 1.0 (OAI 1.0) http://www.mobiletv.nokia.com/solutions/openair/ Contains specifications for ESG functionality, service protection and purchase etc… Aimed to speed up DVB-H terminal availability from various manufacturers, to make the overall DVB-H market bigger Sony Ericsson and Nokia collaborating for DVB-H interoperability http://www.sonyericsson.com/spg.jsp?cc=global&lc=en&ver=4001&template=pc3_1_1&zon e=pc&lm=pc3_1&prid=4702

18. Conclusions Mobile TV is finally coming Commercial launches 2006/07…? Commercial success… remains still in the end-users’ hands An important point: Mobile terminal is the first device to include both a Broadcast Receiver (TV & Radio Channels) and an Internet Connection (GPRS) & Browser  What business consequences can this have? A wave of new interactive services? Mobile TV shops? Purchase of media clips? Pay-per-view programs? Mobile TV as a ”must-have” terminal feature by 2009…?