1. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Medical Terminology A Word-Building Approach Chapter 1 Fundamental Word Structure Jane Rice, RN, CMA-C

2. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Medical Terminology is the study of terms that are used in the art and science of medicine. Understanding Fundamental Word Structure

3. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice The fundamental elements in medical terminology are the component parts used to build medical words. The component parts used in this text are P for prefix, R for root, CF for combining form, and S for suffix. Fundamentals of Word Structure

4. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Prefix Prefix means to fix before or to fix to the beginning of a word. A prefix may be a syllable or a group of syllables placed at the beginning of a word to alter or modify the meaning of the word or to create a new word.

5. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice A root is a word or word element from which other words are formed. It is the foundation of the word and conveys the central meaning of the word. Word Root

6. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Combining Form Combining Form is a word root to which a vowel has been added to join the root to a second root or to a suffix. The vowel “o” is the most common vowel used to make combining forms.

7. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Suffix Suffix means to fasten on, beneath, or under. A suffix may be a syllable or group of syllables united with or placed at the end of a word, to alter or modify the meaning of the word, or to create a new word.

8. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Most of the terms for the body's organs originated from Latin words, whereas terms describing diseases that affect these organs originated from the Greek. Many prefixes and suffixes have more than a single definition, so one must learn to use the definition that best describes the term. Principles of Component Parts

9. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Identifying Medical Words Learn to distinguish between and select the appropriate component parts for the meaning of words.

10. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Spelling Medical words of Greek origin are often difficult to spell because many begin with a silent letter or have a silent letter within the word. Spelling of all medical words is extremely important because the addition or omission of a single letter may change the meaning of the word.

11. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Spelling The following guidelines are provided to help with the identification and spelling of medical words: – If the suffix begins with a vowel, drop the combining vowel from the combining form and add the suffix. – If the suffix begins with a consonant, keep the combining vowel and add the suffix to the combining form. – Keep the combining vowel between two or more roots in a term.

12. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice

13. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice

14. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice

15. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice

16. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Forming Plural Endings To change the singular endings to plural endings, substitute the plural endings as follows: a as in bursato ae as in bursae ax as in thoraxto aces as in thoraces or es as in thoraxes en as in foramento ina as in foramina is as in crisisto es as in crises

17. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Forming Plural Endings To change the singular endings to plural endings, substitute the plural endings as follows: is as in iristo ides as in irides is as in femoristo a as in femora ix as in appendixto ices as in appendices nx as in phalanxto ges as in phalanges

18. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Forming Plural Endings on as in spermatozoonto a as in spermatozoa um as in ovumto a as in ova us as in nucleusto i as in nuclei y as in arteryto i and add es as in arteries To change the singular endings to plural endings, substitute the plural endings as follows:

19. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Using Abbreviations An abbreviation is a process of shortening a word or phrase into appropriate letters. It is used as a form of communication in writing and documenting data.

20. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Pronunciation A single accent mark (') is called a primary accent. It is used with a syllable that has the strongest stress. A double accent mark (") is called a secondary accent and is given to syllables that are stressed less than primary syllables.

21. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Diacritics are marks placed over or under vowels to indicate the long or short sound of the vowel. –Macron ( ¯ ) – the long sound of the vowel. –Breve ( ŭ ) – the short sound of the vowel. –Schwa ( ə ) – indicates the uncolored, central vowel sound of most unstressed syllables. Pronunciation

22. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Medical Words and Definitions with Word Parts These terms (shown in black in the Building Your Medical Vocabulary feature) can be analyzed and defined by dividing them into component parts. 1.Prefixes (P) 2.Roots (R) 3.Combining Forms (CF) 4.Suffixes (S) Building Your Medical Vocabulary

23. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Medical Words and Definitions without Word Parts These terms (shown in pink in the Building Your Medical Vocabulary feature) are not usually analyzed and defined by dividing them into component parts. Building Your Medical Vocabulary

24. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice

25. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice

26. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice

27. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice

28. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice

29. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice

30. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Process of being stuck together is known as: A.abate B.abscess C.adhesion D.afferent

31. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Process of being stuck together is known as: A.abate B.abscess C.adhesion D.afferent

32. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice A word element from which other words are formed is called: A.combining vowel B.prefix C.suffix D.word root

33. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice A word element from which other words are formed is called: A.combining vowel B.prefix C.suffix D.word root

34. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Excision means the process of cutting out. The prefix ex- means: A.out B.to cut C.process D.in

35. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Excision means the process of cutting out. The prefix ex- means: A.out B.to cut C.process D.in

36. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice The spreading process of cancer from one area of the body to another area is known as: A.abnormal B.efferent C.malignant D.neopathy

37. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice The spreading process of cancer from one area of the body to another area is known as: A.abnormal B.efferent C.malignant D.neopathy

38. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Which branch of medicine is concerned with diseases of the kidney? A.Family Practice B.Internal Medicine C.Nephrology D.Neurology

39. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Which branch of medicine is concerned with diseases of the kidney? A.Family Practice B.Internal Medicine C.Nephrology D.Neurology

40. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Abate means to increase. A.True B.False

41. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Abate means to increase. A.True B.False

42. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice The term for new disease is neopathy. A.True B.False

43. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice The term for new disease is neopathy. A.True B.False

44. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice A lack of color is called palmar. A.True B.False

45. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice A lack of color is called palmar. A.True B.False

46. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice The abbreviation for diagnosis is Dx. A.True B.False

47. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice The abbreviation for diagnosis is Dx. A.True B.False

48. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice An endocrinologist specializes in treating diseases of an allergic nature. A.True B.False

49. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice An endocrinologist specializes in treating diseases of an allergic nature. A.True B.False

50. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice The term prefix means to fix before or to fix to the end of a word. A.True B.False

51. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice The term prefix means to fix before or to fix to the end of a word. A.True B.False

52. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Cachexia refers to a localized collection of pus. A.True B.False

53. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Cachexia refers to a localized collection of pus. A.True B.False

54. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Widespread occurrence of an infectious disease is called an epidemic. A.True B.False

55. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Widespread occurrence of an infectious disease is called an epidemic. A.True B.False

56. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice The branch of medicine concerned with diseases of the lungs is pulmonary medicine. A.True B.False

57. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice The branch of medicine concerned with diseases of the lungs is pulmonary medicine. A.True B.False

58. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice A trauma surgeon would be responsible for medical repair of traumatic injuries. A.True B.False

59. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice A trauma surgeon would be responsible for medical repair of traumatic injuries. A.True B.False

60. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice Chapter 1 Scenario You are currently working in a doctor’s office. Most of the people your doctor sees are overweight and are seeking help from your doctor.

61. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice What type of physician do you work for? A.anesthesiologist B.bariatrician C.family practitioner D.gastroenterologist

62. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice What type of physician do you work for? A.anesthesiologist B.bariatrician C.family practitioner D.gastroenterologist

63. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice What is not a primary concern of bariatrics? A.controlling obesity B.preventing obesity C.stopping obesity D.treatment of obesity

64. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice What is not a primary concern of bariatrics? A.controlling obesity B.preventing obesity C.stopping obesity D.treatment of obesity

65. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice The word root bar means A.a bar B.bar shaped C.treatment D.weight/pressure

66. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice The word root bar means A.a bar B.bar shaped C.treatment D.weight/pressure

67. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice In the word bariatrician, -ician is which word part? A.combining form B.prefix C.suffix D.word root

68. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice In the word bariatrician, -ician is which word part? A.combining form B.prefix C.suffix D.word root

69. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice In the word bariatrics, the word root iatr means: A.physician B.one who C.weight/pressure D.treatment

70. Copyright ©2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Medical Terminology, 6e By Jane Rice In the word bariatrics, the word root iatr means: A.physician B.one who C.weight/pressure D.treatment