1. 2015 Most Wanted List of Transportation Safety Improvements: An Overview Maryland Regional Aviation Conference – June 6, 2015 Ocean City, Maryland Thomas E. Zoeller Managing Director

2. 2015 Most Wanted List 2

3. Overview Critical changes needed in all modes to reduce accidents and save livesCritical changes needed in all modes to reduce accidents and save lives Awareness and dialogue among industry, elected officials, publicAwareness and dialogue among industry, elected officials, public Board-approvedBoard-approved 3

4. History 4 First developed in 1990 – just top 10 recommendationsFirst developed in 1990 – just top 10 recommendations Shaped by Board to encompass broader safety issue areasShaped by Board to encompass broader safety issue areas Guided annually by Board OrderGuided annually by Board Order Covered more than 30 areas over 15 yearsCovered more than 30 areas over 15 years

5. 2015 MWL Areas DistractionDistraction ImpairmentImpairment HelicoptersHelicopters Positive Train ControlPositive Train Control Rail Tank CarsRail Tank Cars TruckingTrucking Mass TransitMass Transit GA Loss of ControlGA Loss of Control Medical FitnessMedical Fitness Procedural ComplianceProcedural Compliance 5

6. End Substance Impairment in Transportation 6

7. Since 2000, 160,000 motor vehicle deathsSince 2000, 160,000 motor vehicle deaths Growing safety problem in aviationGrowing safety problem in aviation NTSB investigations consistently find causal in accidents across modesNTSB investigations consistently find causal in accidents across modes 7

8. Enhance Public Helicopter Safety 8

9. NTSB investigated more than 130 public helicopter accidents since 2004NTSB investigated more than 130 public helicopter accidents since 2004 Critical emergency services, medical, police, rescue…Critical emergency services, medical, police, rescue… Not generally covered by FAA safety regs – operator responsibilityNot generally covered by FAA safety regs – operator responsibility 9

10. Implement Positive Train Control in 2015 10

11. Can stop many rail accidents before they happenCan stop many rail accidents before they happen Mandated by Congress by 2015 after ChatsworthMandated by Congress by 2015 after Chatsworth PTC systems still not implemented nationwide as requiredPTC systems still not implemented nationwide as required 11

12. Improve Rail Tank Car Safety 12

13. National energy needs have increased tank car flammable liquid transport exponentiallyNational energy needs have increased tank car flammable liquid transport exponentially Most commonly used DOT-111 model is not up to the taskMost commonly used DOT-111 model is not up to the task NTSB has investigated numerous accidents: ruptures, spills causing fires, explosions, environmental damageNTSB has investigated numerous accidents: ruptures, spills causing fires, explosions, environmental damage 13

14. Strengthen Commercial Trucking Safety 14

15. In 2012 alone – 4,000 deaths, 100,000 injuriesIn 2012 alone – 4,000 deaths, 100,000 injuries NTSB has long called on regulators to improve operator, driver, and vehicle oversightNTSB has long called on regulators to improve operator, driver, and vehicle oversight Multifaceted issue involving vehicles, companies, drivers, and oversight agenciesMultifaceted issue involving vehicles, companies, drivers, and oversight agencies Collaborative effortCollaborative effort 15

16. Make Mass Transit Safer 16

17. Mass transit is growing – faster than population and highway travelMass transit is growing – faster than population and highway travel Must constantly be monitored and improved for safetyMust constantly be monitored and improved for safety Catch small problems before they become big ones, and provide extra layers of protection against disastersCatch small problems before they become big ones, and provide extra layers of protection against disasters 17

18. Prevent Loss of Control in General Aviation 18

19. GA Pilots and passengers die at alarming rates while commercial aviation accidents are rareGA Pilots and passengers die at alarming rates while commercial aviation accidents are rare From 2001 to 2011, over 40% of fixed wing GA fatal accidents caused by pilots’ loss of controlFrom 2001 to 2011, over 40% of fixed wing GA fatal accidents caused by pilots’ loss of control GA pilot proficiency requirements are less rigorous than airline pilotsGA pilot proficiency requirements are less rigorous than airline pilots 19

20. Require Medical Fitness for Duty 20

21. Some pilots, vessel and train operators, and drivers are not medically fit to perform safelySome pilots, vessel and train operators, and drivers are not medically fit to perform safely Certification processes for safety- critical personnel vary widely across modes of transportationCertification processes for safety- critical personnel vary widely across modes of transportation NTSB has investigated numerous accidents – vehicle operator medical condition contributed to cause of crashNTSB has investigated numerous accidents – vehicle operator medical condition contributed to cause of crash 21

22. Strengthen Procedural Compliance 22

23. Crews not complying with air carriers’ standard operating procedures: flying stabilized approaches, making required callouts, maintaining sterile cockpits, and monitoring critical flight parametersCrews not complying with air carriers’ standard operating procedures: flying stabilized approaches, making required callouts, maintaining sterile cockpits, and monitoring critical flight parameters Sometimes procedures themselves aren’t good enough and crew training is inadequateSometimes procedures themselves aren’t good enough and crew training is inadequate Management and pilots must put safety first and collaborate on creating a safety culture of complianceManagement and pilots must put safety first and collaborate on creating a safety culture of compliance 23

24. Additional Advocacy Activities Preliminary insight – 2016 MWLPreliminary insight – 2016 MWL Upcoming NTSB eventsUpcoming NTSB events Areas of potential interestAreas of potential interest Opportunities for collaborationOpportunities for collaboration 24

25. For more information…For more information… NTSB.gov NTSB.gov Or follow us…Or follow us… 25