1. Developing, Enhancing, and Sustaining Tribal Transit Services Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Project H-38 The Guidebook was published in 2012 as TCRP Report 154. The research report was published in 2012 as TCRP Web-Only Document 54. The Phase 1 Booklet and PowerPoint were published in 2011 as Native Americans on the Move.TCRP Report 154TCRP Web-Only Document 54Phase 1 BookletPowerPoint Billings Gazette photo by Larry Mayer. Reprinted with permission of The Billings Gazette.

2. Transit Cooperative Research Program Project H-38 Developing, Enhancing, and Sustaining Tribal Transit Services

3. Project Objectives Develop an information package illustrating the variety of tribal transit programs Prepare a guidebook for tribal transit programs Develop strategies and materials for leveraging resources Develop an information package illustrating the variety of tribal transit programs Prepare a guidebook for tribal transit programs Develop strategies and materials for leveraging resources

4. Project Phases Phase 1: Initial Data Collection –95 tribes contacted –67 responses Phase 2: Detailed Data Collection –48 tribes interviewed –15 site visits Phase 1: Initial Data Collection –95 tribes contacted –67 responses Phase 2: Detailed Data Collection –48 tribes interviewed –15 site visits

5. Tribes Interviewed in Phase 2

7. Products Information package Guidebook Research report Information package Guidebook Research report

8. Information Package: Booklet and Presentation 16-page printed booklet 20-minute PowerPoint with narrative 16-page printed booklet 20-minute PowerPoint with narrative

9. Native Americans on the Move Challenges and Successes

10. Why Tribes Operate Transit Services “We had a member who was a non-traditional college student and needed to take a class to complete her degree in Great Falls, 160 miles away. By riding the bus, she was able to attend the class two days a week and complete the course.” C. John Healy Fort Belknap “We had a member who was a non-traditional college student and needed to take a class to complete her degree in Great Falls, 160 miles away. By riding the bus, she was able to attend the class two days a week and complete the course.” C. John Healy Fort Belknap

11. Why Tribes Operate Transit Services Jobs Medical Dialysis Education Human Service Programs Shopping

13. Tribal Transit Programs

15. Guidebook Purpose To provide guidance, information, and resources for tribal planners to develop or enhance a transit program that can be sustainable and will meet the needs of tribal members, non-tribal residents, and visitors

16. Contents of the Guidebook Planning Considerations Overview of Planning Process Inventory of Transportation Resources Transportation Needs Assessment Developing Transit Vision, Goals, and Objectives Environmental Issues Transit Service Planning Funding Tribal Transit Programs Transit Program Implementation Tribal Transit Program Case Studies Planning Considerations Overview of Planning Process Inventory of Transportation Resources Transportation Needs Assessment Developing Transit Vision, Goals, and Objectives Environmental Issues Transit Service Planning Funding Tribal Transit Programs Transit Program Implementation Tribal Transit Program Case Studies

17. KEYS TO SUSTAINABILITY

18. Keys to Sustainability Planning Local Leadership –Oversight and Responsibility –Support from Tribal Council –Support from Tribal Elders Cooperation and Coordination –Cooperative Working Relationships –Participation in State and National Organizations Trained Key Staff –Financial Management Capabilities Multiple Funding Sources –Advocacy Planning Local Leadership –Oversight and Responsibility –Support from Tribal Council –Support from Tribal Elders Cooperation and Coordination –Cooperative Working Relationships –Participation in State and National Organizations Trained Key Staff –Financial Management Capabilities Multiple Funding Sources –Advocacy

19. PLANNING PROCESS

20. Planning Considerations Tribal Sovereignty Tribal Governance Turnover in Tribal Council and Staff Effective Tribal Government Support Relationship with State and Local Governments Funding Qualified Employees Adequate Facilities Tribal Sovereignty Tribal Governance Turnover in Tribal Council and Staff Effective Tribal Government Support Relationship with State and Local Governments Funding Qualified Employees Adequate Facilities

21. Overview of Planning Process

22. FUNDING

23. Funding Potential Funding Sources –Federal Transit Administration –Other Federal Programs –State and Local Funding Innovative Approaches Compliance and Reporting Potential Funding Sources –Federal Transit Administration –Other Federal Programs –State and Local Funding Innovative Approaches Compliance and Reporting

24. Funding Sources Description of the Program Eligibility Program Contact Information Source Description of the Program Eligibility Program Contact Information Source

25. Innovative Approaches Local Funding Partnerships Grants as Matching Funds Local Funding Partnerships Grants as Matching Funds

26. IMPLEMENTATION

27. Transit Program Implementation Operations Plan Organization and Administration Monitoring and Reporting Hazards and Maintenance Plans Marketing Plan Financial Plan and Budget Legal Issues Implementation Process Operations Plan Organization and Administration Monitoring and Reporting Hazards and Maintenance Plans Marketing Plan Financial Plan and Budget Legal Issues Implementation Process

28. Challenges Meeting FTA Requirements Lack of Support from Tribal Council Change in Administration Meeting FTA Requirements Lack of Support from Tribal Council Change in Administration

29. Contents of Research Report Literature Review Research Findings Funding Tribal Transit Programs Mastering the Art of Transit Policy Issues Research Needs Literature Review Research Findings Funding Tribal Transit Programs Mastering the Art of Transit Policy Issues Research Needs

30. Project Panel Chair: Ms. Emma Featherman-Sam Oglala Sioux Transit Dr. Frederick J. “Fred” Cowie Consultant Mr. Michael Ford Ann Arbor Transportation Authority Ms. Cynthia Gomez Shingle Springs Tribal Court Mr. C. John Healy Fort Belknap Indian Community Mr. Mark R. Hoffman Arizona DOT Mr. Shawn Klemens Menominee Public Transit Mr. John P. Smith Shoshone and Arapaho Tribes Ms. Arlene Templer Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes TCRP Senior Program Officer: Mr. Stephan A. Parker TCRP Senior Program Officer

31. Project Panel Liaisons Ms. Cathy Monroe Federal Transit Administration Ms. Lorna R. Wilson Federal Transit Administration Mr. Bernard Alkire Michigan Technological University, Michigan Tribal Technical Assistance Program (TTAP) Mr. Byron Bluehorse University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska TTAP Mr. Andy Coyle National Rural Transit Assistance Program (National RTAP) Ms. Pam DiGiovanni National Rural Transit Assistance Program (National RTAP) Mr. Edward H. Hall, III Bureau of Indian Affairs Mr. Joseph Myers National Indian Justice Center, California/Nevada TTAP Ms. Raquelle Myers National Indian Justice Center, California/Nevada TTAP Ms. Vivian A. Philbin Federal Highway Administration

32. Project Panel Liaisons Mr. Richard Rolland Eastern Washington University, Northwest TTAP Mr. Charles A. Rutkowski Community Transportation Association of America Ms. Gwen Salt National Congress of American Indians Mr. Dennis Trusty, P.E. United Tribes Technical College, Northern Plains TTAP Ms. Martine A. Micozzi Transportation Research Board

33. Project Team LSC Transportation Consultants, Inc. A. T. Stoddard, Principal Investigator Tangerine Almeida AECOM USA, Inc. Dave Sampson Jill Cahoon Peter Schauer Associates Peter Schauer Valerie J. Southern, Transportation Consultant, LLC Valerie Southern Colorado State University TTAP Center Ron Hall