2. Applying Distributed Systems concepts to SCADA By Padmanabha Kamath.

3. SCADA and its uses SCADA stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition. Most commonly used in - Manufacturing industry - Critical areas like missile control - Quality control - Material distribution An invaluable ( and indispensable ) tool for control systems of any nature.

4. SCADA – The hardware architecture

5. SCADA – The software architecture

6. Communication concepts in SCADA systems Client – server based. Algorithm used is the “publish – subscribe” algorithm. Central servers collect, analyze and present data to displays and to other servers. Important interfaces - Human – Machine Interface - Machine-device interface. Real – time communication is of the utmost importance.

7. Framework for SCADA systems analysis Major vendors for SCADA systems - Wonderware Inc. - Intellution Inc. - National Instruments. Some of the items provided by these vendors are - Device handling. - Alarm Handling and reporting. - Data Archiving/Trending. - User Interface building tools.

8. General architecture (object – oriented approach)

9. Abstract Behavior Modeling for SCADA systems Main Requirements  A transparent communication system (location transparency).  Modeling the control system.  Visualizing the whole system.  Easy access to data (Interchangeable data formats).  Redundancy and real time monitoring( Performance transparency).

10. Distributed systems issues handled by DIM/SMI++ Handled by DIM  Location Transparency.  Easy visualization of servers/clients/resources.  Performance Transparency. Handled by SMI++  Modeling of the control system.  Framework for simulation.  Support for files produced using the SML language.

11. DIM framework class diagram

12. Valve Pump Sensor Tank A Simple control system

13. Domain representation in SML object:PUMP state:OFF action:ERROR do CLOSE_VALVE VALVE terminate_action/state = OFF action:OK do SENSOR_CLOSE SENSOR terminate_action/state = OFF

14. SMI++/DIM implementation Modeling the DELPHI (DEtector with Lepton,Photon and Hadron Identification) experiment at CERN Switzerland. The full system comprises about 1000 SMI objects in 50 different domains and running on 40 machines.

15. What I learned The SMI++ framework / SML language. Applying object – oriented concepts to control systems. Implementation of publisher-subscriber algorithm. Hope to model more detailed control systems with multiple domains.

16. Scope for improvements To go beyond the framework and extend it. To model more complex control systems. To hack Xlib so that custom windows can be incorporated. To extend DIM so that it can support more complex file services and RPC.