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Zoo-352 Principles of genetics Lecture 3 The cell cycle and its checkpoints
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Structure of chromosome
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Schematic of Submetacentric chromosome
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Centromere Joins two sister chromatids together Dark (G) bands Contain condensed chromatin (Heterochromatin) Light (G) bands Less condensed chromatin (Euchromatin) Telomere
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Classification of chromosomes
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A pair of homologous chromosomes (number 1) Locus (position of a gene) Allele (alternative form of a gene)
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Karyotype of a human female
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Karyotype of a human male Chromosomes are made of DNA and protein. Each contains genes in a linear order. Human body cells contain 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs – one of each pair inherited from each parent Chromosome pairs 1 – 22 are called autosomes. The 23rd pair are called sex chromosomes: XX is female, XY is male.
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