1. Electronic control gasoline injection system—Sensor
Student：4A Yu-Xuan Chen
　　　　 4A Zong-Syun Li
Teacher：Ru-Li Lin

2. Outline Sensor introduced Intake air temperature sensor
Air flow sensor
Throttle position sensor
Speed & Crankshaft position sensor
Vehicle speed sensor
Engine coolant temperature sensor
O2 sensor
Heated oxygen sensor
Manifold Absolute Pressure sensor
Knocking sensor
Barometric pressure sensor
References

3. Sensor Introduced
Car using perceptron , mostly use sensing component 「 Resistance Change 」、「 Voltage Induction 」or「 Frequency Change 」，converted into electrical signals. Resistance Change：For example , Intake air temperature sensor、 coolant temp sensor、Throttle position sensor、Wing plate air mass flow sensor and so on. Voltage Induction：For example，Crankshaft position sensor、 Magnetic induction speed sensor、Knocking sensor、Oxygen sensor and so on. Frequency Change：For example，Karman Vortex type air mass flow sensor、Knocking sensor、Hall engine rpm sensor、Disk-type speed sensor and so on.

4. Intake air temperature sensor, IATS
Function：Test intake air temperature，as a computer calculating injection quantity，amended reference.

5. Air flow sensor, AFS
Function：measure the amount of air enters the cylinder air， and convert measurements of electrical.
Signals to the computer , as a basis for determining the amount of basic jet , used in L-jetronic systems.
　(a) Flap Type 　 　 (b) Hot-Wire Type 　 (c) Karman Vortex Type

6. Flap type air flow sensor
Structure divided into「 Flange plate 」or「 Potentiometer 」 two parts， Potentiometer formed by the variable resistance and sliding contacts.

7. AFS Potentiometer action principle
(a) Structure (b) Circuit

8. Hot-wire type air flow sensor
Air ducts、Platinum line、Metal mesh、The electronic control circuit and so on composition.

9. Hot-wire type air flow sensor
Can be classified as full-flow and split in two.
(a) Full Flow Type (b) Semi-Flow Type

10. Hot-wire type air flow sensor
Volume of air inhaled and the linear relationship between the heating current.

11. Hot-film type air flow sensor
With hot-film，replace Platinum line，avoid hotline broken durable advantages，referred to as HFM (hot film meter).

12. Karman vortex type air flow sensor
Constructs a Ultrasonic wave launcher、Collection filters、Air stabilization board and composed of triangular vortex column， also known as Sonography.

13. Throttle position sensor, TPS
Function：Providing throttle opening signal to the computer， as a full load enrichment、enrichment at idle speed and deceleration fuel cut-off control.

14. The throttle position sensor can be divided into ：
1. Linear type：with throttle opening is a linear output voltage is proportional.
2. Switch type：from the fixed 「 Idle contact 」、「 Full contact 」 and activities 「 Movable contact 」structure.
It only provides two signals ：
A.「 Fully closed signal 」－ Movable contact in contact with the idle contact.
B.「 Full signal 」－ Movable contact into contact with the fully open contact.
3. Hybrid type：combination of these two types .In addition to the linear voltage output outside ， And additional idle position switch contacts.
(a) Linear type (b) Switch type (c) Hybrid type

15. Speed & Crankshaft position sensor, RPM & CKPS Function：
1.Provide the engine speed signal to the computer，determines the basic injection amount as the basis for.
2.Provide crank angle signal to the computer，to control fuel injection and ignition timing.
Species：
(a) Magnetic Induction Type (b)Photodiode Type (c)Hall Type

16. Magnetic induction type engine speed ／ Crankshaft position sensor
(installed in the distributor within the disk)
By fixed points on the power plate shaft 「Signal rotor」 And fixed on the carriage 「Pickup coil」 and 「The permanent magnets」 consisting of.

17. Magnetic induction type engine speed ／ Crankshaft position sensor
(flywheel ring gear mounted on the side)
(a) Position　　　　　　　　　 　 (b) Signal Waveform

18. Light sense of style engine speed ／ Crankshaft position sensor
（ installed in the distributor within the disk ）

19. Hall engine speed ／ Crankshaft position sensor
（ Installed in the distributor within the disk ）
「Hall Effect」： When a conductor is placed in a magnetic field ， and the vertical direction by the magnetic field on the conductor in the DC current， this will generate a small voltage conductor （ be known as 「Hall voltage」）
※ Direction perpendicular to the current direction of the voltage，the voltage magnitude is proportional to the intensity of the magnetic field ※
(a) Conductor Material　 　(b) Semiconductor Material

20. Hall-type flip-flop effect：
(a) Cover
(b) No cover

21. Comparison of the trigger signal：
(a) Magnetic Induction Type
(b)Photodiode Type
(c)Hall Type

22. Vehicle speed sensor，VSS
Function：Provide a vehicle speed of the signal to the computer to perform the traffic control-related.
(a)磁片開關式
(b)磁感式

23. Engine coolant temperature sensor，ECTS
Function：Detecting engine coolant temperature.
(a) Structure
(b) Resistance Characteristics

24. O2 sensor， O2S
Function：Detecting the combustion exhaust gas oxygen (O2) content，And generates a small voltage signal transmitted computer，in order to determine the concentration of the vapor mixing dilute，mixing ratio feedback control.

25. Heated oxygen sensor，HO2S
To monitor the effect of catalytic converters is good，most of the vehicles now means two O2 Sensor，a catalytic converter mounted on the front (front O2S)， another catalytic converters installed in the rear (after O2S).

26. Front and rear O2 Sensor output waveform ：
(a) Normal
(b)Deterioration

27. Titania type O2 Sensor
Relation of blend ratio of titania-type oxygen-sensor resistance change between.

28. Oxygen-containing zirconia and titania sensor type differences ：
1. ZrO2 type is due to the different oxygen content within the outer member to generate a voltage output，as a small generator.
2. TiO2 type is depending on the oxygen content of the environment and change its internal resistance，similar to a variable resistor.

29. Manifold Absolute Pressure sensor， MAP
Function：Intake manifold pressure sensor may be in the air intake manifold pressure is converted into an electrical signal change，And transmitted to the computer，determines the basic injection amount as the basis for.
Divided into two「Pressure-contained」 and 「Piezoresistive」.

30. Capacitive pressure
Manifold vacuum greater，distance between the two plates close， variable capacitor capacitance becomes large；
Manifold vacuum smaller，bipolar plate distance increases， variable capacitor capacitance becomes small.

31. Piezoresistive

32. Knocking sensor，KS
Function：Vibrations generated by the cylinder knock， converted into a voltage signal and transmit it to a computer.

33. Here are the following reasons for the occurrence of knocking several factors：
1. Gasoline octane number is too low number.
2. Ignition timing too early.
3. The combustion chamber temperature is too high.
4. The engine is running at high load conditions.
5. Combustion chamber deposits.
6. Mixed steam too thin.

34. Knocking sensor
Made of a piezoelectric crystal，when subjected to external pressure will produce a voltage induction，voltage is proportional to the level of pressure on.

35. Barometric pressure sensor，BARO
Function：Atmospheric pressure sensor can be pressure changes altitudeinto a different voltage feedback，transferred to the PC as a reference fuel injection quantity correction.

36. References http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E7%9F%A5%E5%99%A8
%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E7%AB%A0%EF%BC%9 A%E8%BB%8A%E7%94%A8%E6%84%9F%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A 8%E4%BB%8B%E7%B4%B9

37. Thank you for attention