1. Control System (2 min) HOQ - highlighting specs and metrics Potential Concepts Feasibility

2. Control System - Specs and Metrics Problem: Can an Arduino board be used to control a DMF device to the same or better accuracy as a NI PXI control system? What Do We Need? Generate a sine wave Amplify the wave to a large voltage (~90-110 Vrms) Measure capacitance with a good resolution (~0.2pF) Complete the protocol quickly (~30min) Move/Merge droplets quickly (~100ms) Split droplets quickly (~500ms) What Do We Know? Benchmark: Dr. Schertzer completed these protocols at the University of Toronto using a National Instruments (NI) control system, a signal generator, and an amplifier

3. Control System - Potential Concepts Benchmark - Control System used in Schertzer et al 1.NI PXI System a.Signal Generator i.Voltage: 10Vp-p ii.Frequency: 10kHz b.Controller c.Matrix-Switching Device (4 inputs / 32 outputs) 2.Agilent 4288A Capacitance Meter a.Resolution to ~0.20 pF 3.Custom Amplifier a.Voltage: 90-110 Vrms

4. Control System - Potential Concepts - Generates a sine wave Voltage: up to 20 Vp-p Frequency: (0.1-50)kHz Signal Generator Board Control Board - Controls is a shield for the Arduino Microcontroller Switching Board Arduino Dropbot System in Fobel et al Trek Model PZD700A High Voltage Amplifier Input Voltage: 0 to ±10 VDC Output Voltage: 0 to ±700 VDC - Droplet was found to completely cover an electrode in 200ms Arduino is open source o firmware o pin mapping o board schematics KiCAD Hardware designs available for Board designs 320 independent channels and is highly modular

5. Control System - Potential Concepts - Controls Signal Generator Board, High Voltage Switching Board - Can estimate drop position, velocity - Software Available: ●Arduino firmware ●C++ Software ●Microdrop Plugin Arduino Mega 2560 Microcontroller Arduino is open source o firmware o pin mapping o board schematics KiCAD Hardware designs available for Board designs 320 independent channels and is highly modular Arduino Dropbot System in Fobel et al

6. Control System - Feasibility ●The Arduino Dropbot system used in Fobel et al paper was able to instantaneously measure droplet velocity, capacitance, and impedance in real time. ●Arduino has: a.Software: C++ software, Open source firmware b.Hardware: Microcontroller with board schematics, and pin mapping ●Dropbot has: a.Software: Open source firmware, Microdrop Plugin b.Hardware: KiCAD models to create the boards Potential Staffing Needed ●Mechanical Engineering ●Electrical Engineering ●Software Engineering ●Computer Engineering