1. The English Renaissance 1485-1625 Renaissance-flowering of literary, artistic, and intellectual development Began in Italy in the fourteenth century Medici family/banking “Rebirth” of intellectual and artistic energies that characterized ancient Rome and Greece Also a time of territorial exploration and discovery>both in Asia and the Americas

2. The English Renaissance 1485-1625>The Tudor Dynasty Henry VII married Elizabeth of York Ended the Wars of the Roses Symbol>the Tudor rose Eight-petaled design that combined the old white (York) and the red (Lancaster) designs Ruled the country for more than a century Time of stability and confidence Progress of the Renaissance in England>slow and fitful

3. The Tudor Rose: A combination of the white (York) and the red (Lancaster)

4. The English Renaissance 1485-1625>The Tudor Dynasty Henry the VIII came to the throne when his father died in 1509 Willful and audacious man Wanted to be thought of as “enlightened Prince of the Renaissance” Brought stability; made court patronage of artists/writers possible Sir Thomas More’s Utopia (Greek for “no place”) First masterpiece of English Renaissance Center of active/brilliant circle>Humanists>Erasmus

5. Henry VIII

6. Henry VIII and his six wives

7. The English Renaissance 1485-1625>The Tudor Dynasty Sir Thomas Wyatt/Henry Howard, Earl of Surry Two gifted poets in Henry’s court Sonnets>based on Italian (Petrarchan) style Movement of religious protest Martin Luther>Germany>Ninety-five Theses Objections to church abuses Became Protestant Reformation No religious alignment for England>political

8. The English Renaissance 1485-1625>The Tudor Dynasty Henry VIII>married Catherine of Aragon(#1) Spanish>Roman Catholic>no male heir Henry wanted divorce>Pope refused Henry had marriage annulled Mary>daughter=illegitimate The Act of Supremacy>Henry=head of church and state>Anglican church established Sir Thomas More refused to swear allegiance to Henry>imprisoned/executed (A Man for All Seasons)

9. Catherine of Aragon and daughter, Mary (Mary Tudor/Mary I/Bloody Mary

10. Anne Boleyn and her daughter, Elizabeth

11. Jane Seymour and her son, Edward

12. The English Renaissance 1485-1625>The Tudor Dynasty Henry kept mass, all rites, left doctrine unchanged Henry’s six wives: Catherine of Aragon---Mary Tudor (Bloody Mary) Anne Boleyn---Elizabeth I Jane Seymour---Edward VI Anne of Cleves Catherine Howard Catherine Parr “Divorced, beheaded, died; divorced, beheaded, survived”

13. The English Renaissance 1485-1625>The Tudor Dynasty Henry died in 1547>succeeded by nine-year old son>Edward VI>died of tuberculosis at fourteen Edward VI succeeded by Mary Tudor (Mary I, Bloody Mary) Wife of Phillip II of Spain Instituted a reign of terror against Protestants Had Elizabeth imprisoned in Tower of London Two months>then put her under house arrest at country estates for five years Died after five-year reign Succeeded by Protestant half-sister>Elizabeth

14. The English Renaissance 1485-1625>The Tudor Dynasty Elizabeth I (1558-1603) Only 25 when she came to the throne Schooled in French, Italian, Spanish, Greek, and Latin Mother>Anne Boleyn, 2 nd wife of Henry VIII Had a sharp intellect & excellent Renaissance education Accomplished linguist & poet Clever, skillful diplomat>shred, even ruthless politician

15. The English Renaissance 1485-1625>The Tudor Dynasty Elizabeth I (1558-1603) Internal tension between Protestants and Catholics Promoted peace and prosperity Moderate religious course Foreign affairs>the wonder of the era Balanced financial affairs with realistic ingenuity

16. The English Renaissance 1485-1625>The Tudor Dynasty Elizabeth I (1558-1603) Leader in pursuing explorations to the New World Sir Francis Drake>Golden Hind First Englishman to circumnavigate the world Pirate>preyed on Spanish ships Brought much-needed funds Drake knighted>Phillip II furious Led to the Spanish Armada>1588 Defeat of the Spanish Armada made England “Mistress of the Seas” and the most powerful nation in the world

17. The English Renaissance 1485-1625>The Tudor Dynasty Elizabeth I (1558-1603) Elizabeth I used her unmarried status as a way to gain support from other nations, but she claimed to be married to the throne of England Died childless in 1603 James VI of Scotland became James I of England>begins the House of Stuart

18. The English Renaissance 1485-1625>The House of Stuart