1. By, Suzan, Michelle, and Scott

2. The action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.

3.  The United Stated is considered to be a country founded on immigrants.  In the 1500’s Europeans began creating settlements- led by the Spanish and the French.  The Colonial Era  1600-1775  Led by the British, German and Dutch  Spanish and French colonies also began flourishing.

4. U.S. historical populations Country Immigrants before 1790Population 1790 [21] [21] Africa [22] [22] 360,000757,000 England* 230,0002,100,000 UlsterUlster Scot-Irish* 135,000300,000 Germany [23] [23] 103,000270,000 ScotlandScotland* 48,500150,000 Ireland* 8,000(Incl. in Scot-Irish) Netherlands 6,000100,000 WalesWales* 4,00010,000 France 3,00015,000 Jewish [24] [24] 1,0002,000 Sweden 5002,000 Other [25] [25] 50,000200,000 British total 425,5002,560,000 Total [26] [26] 950,0003,900,000

5.  For the United States, individuals first were motivated to immigrate due to seeking greater economic opportunity, the majority of this was in the 1800s.  This process started originally in the 1600s by the Pilgrims searching for religious freedom.  From the 17 th -19 th centuries the majority of immigrants were African Slaves.

6.  Beginning in 1780, people starting perceiving immigration as being favorable or hostile, and opinions started being outspoken in society. -‘Melting Pot’ -‘Dumping Ground’  1921 began restricting the amount of immigrants and assigned what countries those immigrants could come from.

7. Year 1820 8,3851885395,3461950249,187 1825 10,1991890455,3021955237,790 1830 23,3221895258,5361960265,398 1835 45,3741900448,5721965296,697 1840 84,06619051,026,4991970373,326 1845 114,37119101,041,5701975385,378 1850 369,9801915326,7001980524,295 1855 200,8771920430,0011985568,149 1860 153,6401925294,31419901,535,872 1865 248,1201930241,7001995720,177 1870 387,203193534,9562000841,002 1875 227,498194070,75620051,122,257 1880 457,257194538,11920101,042,625

9.  Legal Permanent Resident  Undocumented (Illegal) Immigrant  Diversity Immigrant ( +50,000 since 2009)  Refugee/Asylee

10.  Legal vs. Illegal  Deportation  Economic Effects of Immigration

11. (sorry, “undocumented.”) Why not just be legal? Because you need a visa. Process takes time, money, and patience.

12. Wait times for visa to be available, based on family relationship, immigration status of petitioner and (in some cases) country of origin of the beneficiary: Spouse of a US citizen from any country : No wait time, beyond the 6 mo to 3 yrs it takes to process all required paperwork Spouse of a Lawful Permanent Resident from Canada : 5 yrs Minor child (unmarried) of a LPR from China : 5 yrs Brother of sister of a US citizen from India : 11yrs Unmarried adult child of a US citizen from Mexico : 16 yrs Brother or sister of a LPR : No option to immigrate Unmarried adult child of a LPR from Iran : 9 yrs Unmarried adult child of a LPR from Mexico : 16 yrs Married adult child of a LPR : No option to immigrate Parent of a US citizen : no wait time, beyond the 6 mo to 2 yrs required to process all required paperwork Parent of a LPR : No option to immigrate Brother or sister of a US citizen from Phillippines : 22 yrs Unmarried adult child of a US citizen from Italy : 6 yrs Married adult child of a US citizen from Ghana : 8 yrs Married adult child of a US citizen from the Philippines : 17 yrs

13.  In 1998, naturalization for 1 person was $95, now it is $680.  (No country is allowed more than 7% of their visas to be family based in any 1 yr.)  1+ MILLION legal immigrants admitted to US each year of these, 60,000-140,000 are refugees and asylees.

14. “So if we're truly committed to strengthening our middle class and providing more ladders of opportunity to those who are willing to work hard to make it into the middle class, we've got to fix the system. We have to make sure that every business and every worker in America is playing by the same set of rules. We have to bring this shadow economy into the light so that everybody is held accountable -businesses for who they hire, and immigrants for getting on the right side of the law. That’s common sense. And that’s why we need comprehensive immigration reform.” President Barack Obama, January 29, 2013

15.  Immigrant-owned small businesses generated a total of $776 billion in receipts and employed an estimated 4.7 million people in 2007.  Immigrants started 28 percent of all new U.S. businesses, despite accounting for only 13 percent of the U.S. population in 2011.  More than 40 percent of Fortune 500 companies were founded by immigrants or children of immigrants. These American companies represent 7 of the 10 most valuable brands globally, collectively employ more than 10 million people and generate annual revenue of $4.2 trillion.

16.  financial aid for school  voting  run for public office  travel with a US passport  petition for family members to come  public assistance

17. US IMMIGRATION & CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT IN FY2013  identifies and apprehends criminal aliens and other “removable” individuals located in the US  detains and removes individuals apprehended in the interior of the U.S., and those apprehended by CBP officers  368,644 removals  133,551 removals of individuals apprehended in the interior of the U.S  82% of all interior removals had been previously convicted of a crime  235,093 removals of individuals apprehended along our borders while trying to unlawfully enter U.S.  59% of all ICE removals, a total of 216,810, had been previously convicted of a crime

21. The Economic Benefits of Immigration Reformhttp://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/report.pdfhttp://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/report.pdf Center for Immigration Studieshttp://cis.org/node/4573 http://cis.org/node/4573 Voice of America News – experts debate economic impact of immigration reformhttp://www.voanews.com/http://www.voanews.com/ Department of Homeland Security http://www.uscis.gov/us-citizenship/citizenship-through- naturalizationhttp://www.uscis.gov/us-citizenship/citizenship-through- naturalization US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) http://www.ice.gov/index.htmhttp://www.ice.gov/index.htm Soerens, M., & Hwang, J. (2009). Welcoming the stranger: Justice, compassion & truth in the immigration debate. Downers Grove, Ill: IVP Books. History of the Immigration to the United States. N.d. In Wikepedia. Retrieved April 11,2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_immigration_to_the_United_States http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_immigration_to_the_United_States Why You Should Care About Immigration. (2014). Retrieved April 11, 2014. http://www.civilrights.org/immigration/care.html http://www.civilrights.org/immigration/care.html History.com Staff. (2009). U.S. Immigration Before 1965. Retrieved April 11, 2014. http://www.history.com/topics/u-s-immigration-before-1965