1. SKA-cba-ase 031119 1 NSF and Science of Design Avogadro Scale Engineering Center for Bits & Atoms November 18-19, 2003 Kamal Abdali Computing & Communication Foundations Division Computer & Information Sciences Directorate National Science Foundation

2. Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences National Science Foundation Inspector General National Science Board Director Deputy Director Staff Offices Computer & Info. Science & Engineering Engineering Geosciences Mathematical & Physical Sciences Sciences Education & Human Resources Budget, Finance & Award Management Information Resource Management Biological Sciences

3. SKA-cba-ase 031119 3 Reorganized CISE Structure Divisions uAdministrative units based on intellectual partitions Clusters uComprehensive activity within a Division in a coherent area of research and education uTeams of Program Officers and staff working closely with the community Themes uFocused areas of research and education that cut across clusters and divisions uAddress scientific and national priorities uHave program announcements and funds

4. SKA-cba-ase 031119 4 The New CISE and Cross Cutting Themes e.g. Cyber Trust or Science of Design

5. SKA-cba-ase 031119 5 Computing and Communication Foundations (CCF) uFormal and Mathematical Foundations  Core computing & communication theory  Algorithmic & computational science  Application-specific theory uFoundations of Computing Processes & Artifacts  Software design & productivity  High-end software, architecture & design  Computer graphics & visualization uEmerging models for technology and computation  Biologically motivated computing models  Quantum computing & communication  Computing & communication systems based on nano

6. SKA-cba-ase 031119 6 Formal & Mathematical Foundations Determine inherent limits of computation and communication, and obtain optimal solutions within those limits. Investigate information representation methods, algorithms, and computational techniques for advancing information technology as well as all scientific and engineering disciplines. Representative Topics of Interest theory of computation and algorithms, algorithmic & computational approaches to mathematics & science, information coding and communication

7. SKA-cba-ase 031119 7 Foundations of Computing Processes & Artifacts Advance the science, formalisms, and methodologies for building computing and communication systems. Representative Topics of Interest software engineering, programming language design and implementation, computer architecture and design, design test and automation techniques, graphics and visualization

8. SKA-cba-ase 031119 8 Emerging Models and Technologies for Computation Explore computational models, techniques, and systems based on emerging and future technologies. Representative Topics of Interest Computing systems based on nanotechnology, quantum computing and communication, computational devices and architectures inspired by processing of information in living matter, computational approaches to problems in biology

9. SKA-cba-ase 031119 9 Support of Design at NSF uNearly all engineering programs uDesign and Manufacturing Innovation Division in ENG uComputing Processes & Artifacts cluster in CCF (for software and hardware design, test & design automation tools, …) uScience of Design Theme in CISE (being formulated--a workshop held during Nov 2-4)

10. SKA-cba-ase 031119 10 Motivation uChallenges in computing & communication  Emerging technologies Nanoscale systems Alternative computing paradigms (e.g., DNA-based, quantum, chemical) Mobile computing & communication Distributed sensors  Computational issues Increasing complexity of scientific and engineering problems Massively distributed data Trust and security uCreating need and opportunity to design, build and maintain systems which are larger and more complex than existing ones by several orders of magnitude

11. SKA-cba-ase 031119 11 Design as Mathematical Problem Solving uScientific knowledge base for design domain uAbility to express design desiderata as a mathematical problem uAvailable solution techniques, algorithmic and heuristic uOptimization techniques needed since usually many solutions feasible

12. SKA-cba-ase 031119 12 Engineering practice to analyze and synthesize complex systems  impose the idea of architecture (functional organization as intercommunicating blocks)  use hierarchical decomposition and multiple layers of abstraction  different mathematical models, languages and formalisms, to represent component interactions at different layers E.g.  Shannon's use of Boolean algebra to analyze relay circuits  Bell's (and others') idea of high-level hardware design languages  Conway-Mead VLSI design methodology.

13. SKA-cba-ase 031119 13 Benefits of That Approach Enables design of the most complex human-made systems: computer hardware, networks, databases, software E.g., VLSI designers can create without being bogged down by complexities of low-level component interactions, yet produce designs that exploit the electronics, physics, and material science involved in components

14. SKA-cba-ase 031119 14 De-layered design uOpposite of traditional practice uMore efficient design since cross-layer relationships can be exploited uSometimes the two practices can be mixed, combining humans’ layered and local design work with automated cross-layer and global optimization

15. SKA-cba-ase 031119 15 Random List of Issues uUtilitarian and esthetic aspects. uDomain-independent design principles? uCoping with complexity of systems approaching Avogadro scale  Aggregation and statistical characterization  Exploiting sparsity, regularity and structure uSelf-diagnosis, self-repair, self regeneration, evolving uLearning from nature uSpecial problems for software and software-intensive systems  Scientific principles, engineering practices, standard components, design automation, verification and test tools  Requirement and specification, derivation of design from these  Robust, reliable, fault-tolerant design  Maintenance, built-in verification. Quality assurance  Education and work force developments