1. Workshop CROATIA 2009 With the support of the European Commission

2. Introduction 1. Commitment 2. Why biodegradable and compostable products? 3. European standards 4. Denico Product Range 1. Fibres 2. Bioplastics 5. Conclusion

3. With the support of the European Commission 1. Commitment Our target  Replacement of conventional (packaging)products through environment friendly ones Our task  Promotion and implementation of biodegradable and compostable (packaging)products made from renewable resources  Insure our leading market position through constant efforts on development and improvements

4. With the support of the European Commission 2. Why biodegradable and compostable products? Economical arguments  Worldwide use : 240 million tonnes of plastic  Europe uses yearly : 50 million tonnes of plastic ( demand still increasing)  Volatile oil price $40 $ 120 / barrel  Oil shortage by 2020

5. With the support of the European Commission Use of Plastic in Europe (EU)

6. With the support of the European Commission Use of Plastic in Belgium ( 2006)

7. With the support of the European Commission Environmental arguments Environment protection - CO ² Kyoto Agreement Greenhouse effect Melting of the poles Growing landfill site Plastic responsible for death of several animals

8. With the support of the European Commission European Commission (EC) Environmental Agreements (EA) Sustainable development No legislative action Tackle environmental problems Motivation for new EA : “Report Industry’s Council 2002” : “Building on the Current Situation And Future Prospects of EU Industry Using Renewable Raw Materials (RRM)”

9. With the support of the European Commission 3. European Standards

10. With the support of the European Commission Unilateral industry self-commitment Self-commitment consortium of companies to : 1. Encourage development of biodegradable and compostable polymers 2. Open new avenues for waste management and recycling

11. With the support of the European Commission Renewable Raw Material (RRM) Corn Potato Palm leef Sugarcane Bamboo ….  Procuring final product advantages in terms of environmental impact :  Reduction of fossil resources  Reduction CO ² emissions

12. With the support of the European Commission Area of action EA focus on sector 1 & 2 – if successful – stimulation for other sectors too. 1. Packaging Food containers Wraps Nets 2. Bags Carrier bags Waste bags 3. Catering Plates Cups Cutlery 4. Agriculture Mulch films Plant pots 5. Hygiene Laundry bags Diaspers Overalls

13. With the support of the European Commission Proposed action  EN 13432 Biodegredability Compostability  Certification BiodegredabilityOK Compost CompostabilityOK Compost Home  Label

14. International organizations American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM-6400-99) European Standarization Committee ( CEN) EN13432 International Standards Organization (ISO) ISO14855 (Only for biodegradation) German Institute for Standarization (DIN) DIN V49000 Standards & Testing Methods for compostability With the support of the European Commission

15. European standard (EN 13432) = Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and biodegradation incorporates definitions of biodegradability and compostability

16. European standard (EN 13432) Test Methods are based on biodegradability and compostability obtained by “Industrial Composting” With the support of the European Commission

17. Testing Methods STEP 1 Testing through accredited institutes With the support of the European Commission STEP 2 Certification through independant certification body

18. With the support of the European Commission Definition for “Biodegradable” : “ A material or product is called biodegradable under specific environmental conditions if it is able to undergo within a given time a certian degradation process that is caused by biological activity and can be measured by a standarised test method.”

19. With the support of the European Commission OK Compost Temperature : 50 - 60 °C Biodegradation : after 6 weeks 90 % Desintegration : after 12 weeks 90 %, 2 mm Ecotoxicity

20. With the support of the European Commission Definition for “Compostable” : “ For a material to be called compostable is has to be biodegradable and disintegrate in a composting system in such a way that this disintegration occurs during the period of end-use of the compost”

21. With the support of the European Commission OK Compost HOME Temperature : 20 - 23 °C Biodegradation: after 9 weeks 90 % Desintegration : after 16 weeks 90 %, 2 mm Ecotoxicity

22. With the support of the European Commission Certification Belgian approved laboratory => Organic Waste System – Ghent Step 1 : Verification of the compostability of the materials by approved test laboraties in accordance with test methods described in EN 13432. Step 2 : Certification expert committee AIB Vinçotte (Belgium): - OK Compost - OK Compost HOME DinCertco (Germany)- Compostable

23. Worldwide logo’s With the support of the European Commission

24. Biodegradation after 1 – 2 – 4 weeks

25. With the support of the European Commission Labelling Validity certificate : 5 years

26. With the support of the European Commission Objectives and advantages of product labeling : Product identification by the users/consumers Product quality assurance (EN 13432 criteria) Facilitating proper sorting in waste collection and recovery

27. Belgian BioPackaging Non profit organisation to stimulate legislation on BCP’s in Belgium - Promoting home composting - Unique European logo - Open the green waste bin for biodegradable packaging With the support of the European Commission

28. 4. Denico product range Renewable Raw Materials FibersBioplastics Sugarcane Bamboo Palm Leef … Starch (Materbi) PLA Cellulose …

29. Fibres Life Cycle Analysis of Sugar Cane Packaging

30. Production Sugarcane => Bagasse With the support of the European Commission Pulp Moulding Technique

31. With the support of the European Commission Fibers

32. With the support of the European Commission Bamboo Palm leef Coloured sugarcane Other Fiber products

33. With the support of the European Commission Biodegradation Fibres 100 % Biodegradable & Home compostable Before compostingAfter 4 weeks of incubation After 8 weeks of incubation

34. With the support of the European Commission Properties Fibres Food Contact Approved Flexible shapes & size Suitable for thermal applications Microwave/oven+ 225°C Freezer - 20°C Water+ 100 °C Oil+ 150 °C Acid resistance – no discoloration HACCP – ISO – SGS – FDA

35. BIOPLASTICS

36. Definition Bioplastics = environmentally friendly plastics processed by plastic processing technologies : Film extrusion => flow pack Thermoforming => Food containers Blow moulding => bottles Fibres => clothing And that are : 1. Biodegradable or/and compostable according to relevant standards 2. Based (at least in parts) on renewable raw materials (RRM) With the support of the European Commission

37. Relevant standards : EN13432, EN114995, ISO 17088, ASTM D-6400 With the support of the European Commission

38. Green waste bags Shopping/carrier bags Dog waste bags Starch-based ( Materbi®) films and bioplastics Wrapping film

39. Waste bags Width mm Length mm Tickness micron 35042013 420 13 45050015 50070018 700110020 950120022 Standard sizes With the support of the European Commission

40. Shopping bags With the support of the European Commission Standard sizes or custom-made Different thicknesses

41. With the support of the European Commission Biofilm Should not be removed after harvest Degrades completely No residues in the soil Can be applied with existing machinery Huge savings on labour cost

42. Biodegradation With the support of the European Commission 100 % Home compostable

43. With the support of the European Commission Applications - starch Advantages: Abundantly available Printable Home compostable (bags to 120 µm : 10 to 45 days ) Gasbarrier: - low CO 2 permeability - high (water)vapour permeability Our bag complies with EU requirements for packaging in the food industry Our bag "breathes" and reduces the weight of its contents by up to 25% in five days.

44. Air-Cushioning / Loose fill Optimum protection for your product Loose Fill : made from vegetable starch 100% biodegradable 100 %water soluble With the support of the European Commission

45. Cutlery 100% biodegradable Made of PLA/Starch blends Better rigidity than plastic cutlery Heat resistance up to 85 °C With the support of the European Commission

46. PLA film and bioplastics

47. With the support of the European Commission Production PLA resin ( Polylactic Acid)

48. With the support of the European Commission Application - PLA PLA (Poly Lactic Acid) (sheet)extrusion: Film extrusion -> flow pack Thermoforming -> Food containers Blow moulding -> bottles Fibres -> clothing

49. With the support of the European Commission Properties - PLA 100 % Biodegradable Industrial compostable (50°C - 65 °C) Printable High Stiffness Tensile strength Higher transparency than conventional plastic Chemical resistance against greases, fats and oils Excellent barrier ( aroma / flavour) High water vapour transmission rate FDA approval for Food Contact

50. With the support of the European Commission Applications - PLA Disadvantages: Not “Home Compostable => industrial composting facility Low temperature resistance (0°C - 40°C) => solved with “blends” of other RRM ( starch, cellulose,…)

51. With the support of the European Commission Material Properties Apet Mapet 1 CPET 1 CO-PP (Co-Polymer) 5 Ho-PP (Homo- Polymer) 5 PS 6 PLA 7 Min. Temperature- 40°C* + 2°C*- 40°C*²0°C* Max. Temperature+ 70°C+ 220°C+ 121°C**+ 121°C+ 85°C+ 40°C Sealing with film++++++ Sealing with board++++++ Fat resistant++++++ Transparent+-+ by contact+ + Many colour variants+++++- Density1.35 0.91 1.051.25 Material rigidity2,200 N/mm² 2,900 N/mm² 1,350 N/mm² 1,700 N/mm² 1,900-2,500 N/mm² 3,500 N/mm² * Handle with care at low temperatures ** Some colours have a maximum temperature limit of + 40°C ² Clear PS withstands only -20°C

52. PLA cups 100 % Biodegradable Cold drinks & smoothies ( up to 40 °C) Easy printable All sizes available from 2 oz (60 ml) – 20 oz (600 ml) Suitable flat & Dome lids Straws (transparent or coloured)

53. Other PLA products Available in all sizes and shapes Salad bowls Food packaging Egg boxes Sandwich wedges Wrapping film With the support of the European Commission

54. Biocups Suitable for drinks to 80° C Heat resistant biodegradable lid (75 ° C) Made using laminated cellulose or from PLA Can be branded using natural inks Wide range of sizes available : 4 oz120 ml 6 oz180 ml 8 oz240 ml 10 oz300 ml 12 oz360 ml 16 oz480 ml 20 oz600 ml

55. With the support of the European Commission 6. Conclusion  Growing potential for Biodegradable products  Current production : 150 000 tonnes /year  Communication + logo + legal frame  Implementation sorting systems for BCP’s

56. Future of Bioplastics… With the support of the European Commission

57. Progress of manufacturing capacities of Bioplastics With the support of the European Commission

58. 6. Conclusion  Growing potential for Biodegradable products  Current production : > 150 000 tonnes /year  Communication + logo + legal frame  Implementation sorting systems for BCP’s

59. With the support of the European Commission 6. Conclusion  Growing potential for Biodegradable products  Current production : 150 000 tonnes /year  Communication + logo + legal frame  Implementation sorting systems for BCP’s

60. With the support of the European Commission N-IR Technique

61. With the support of the European Commission Info Denico Green Products Environment is our engagement Blancefloerlaan 179 E 2050 Antwerpen Belgium tel.: +32.(0)3.540.09.10 fax: +32.(0)3.540.09.19 contact@denico.eu www.denico.eu