1. The Panama Canal

2. Hay-Paucefote Treaty (1900) Spooner Act (1902) Hay-Herrán Treaty (1903) Panamanian Revolution Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty (1903) Meghana P. Acts and Treaties

3. Built in two stages -Stage 1 (1881-1888)- Ferdinand de Lesseps -Stage 2 (1904-1914)- John F. Stevens 50 miles Link Atlantic and Pacific Oceans Anna G. A Brief History

4. Theodore Roosevelt John Hay Tomas Herrán Philippe Bunau-Varilla John F. Stevens Anna G. People of Power

5. Economic benefits to the U.S. (ex: transportation) Military power (naval bases) Makes travel easier Government of Panama under Colombian rule Meghana P. P. E. R. M. S

6. Wanted secession from Colombia U.S needed Panama Canal Helped out Panama for control of canal Anna G. Panamanian Revolution!

7. Allowed partial ownership of the Canal to U.S. Promised economic benefits to Panama Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty

8. No locks Tidal range between Pacific and Atlantic oceans French Company went bankrupt Meghana P. What went wrong the first time?

9. Build locks! 12 sets; 6 massive http://www.pancanal.com/eng/general/howitworks /como-funcion.html - http://www.pancanal.com/eng/general/howitworks /como-funcion.html - Meghana P. Solution

10. Yellow fever Malaria Accidents Sea level Extreme heat Death toll=over 30,000 workers Meghana P. Hardships of Workers

11. Torrijos-Carter Treaty Tension between Panama and America (flags) Several wanted to keep canal American property Anna G. Outcome

12. "construction of the Panama Canal." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 22 Oct. 2010. Bessemer, Glen. "Panama Canal." In Faue, Elizabeth, and Gary B. Nash, eds. Encyclopedia of American History: The Emergence of Modern America, 1900 to 1928, vol. 7. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2003. American History Online. Facts On File, Inc. Web. "Panama Canal Construction." Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. American History Online. Facts On File, Inc. Photograph. "Roosevelt, Theodore." Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. American History Online. Facts On File, Inc "Hay, John." Library of Congress. American History Online. Facts On File, Inc. Photograph. "Panama, flag of." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 24 Oct. 2010. Photograph. "Workers Build the Panama Canal." Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. American History Online. Facts On File, Inc. Photograph. Works Cited

13. Harpreet S. Roosevelt Corollary

14. What is It? Roosevelt’s 4 th annual message to Congress US Navy will interfere with any European countries’ actions with the Latin American countries Extension to the Monroe Doctrine H.S.

15. Monroe Doctrine Established in 1823 by James Monroe Warned Europe not to colonize in American countries H.S.

16. Why? Latin American countries had to pay debt to Europe US wanted to help Panama gain independence so they can take Panama Canal European nations tried forcefully to collect debts from Latin American nations. H.S.

17. Effect Created US military control through South and North America and Caribbean U.S. becomes an “international police” H.S.

18. "Annual Message to Congress, 1904." American History Online. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE52&iPin=E13837&SingleRecord=True (accessed October 21, 2010).http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? Jaycox, Faith. "Roosevelt Takes Command: 1902–1904." The Progressive Era, Eyewitness History. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2005. American History Online. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE52&iPin=EHPEEssay05&SingleRecord=True (accessed October 23, 2010)."Theodore Roosevelt: Monroe Doctrine Corollary speech (1904)." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 21 Oct. 2010 "Monroe Doctrine." American History Online. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE52&iPin=E09250&SingleRecord=True (accessed October 21, 2010). Renehan, Jr., Edward L. "'The Roosevelt Corollary and the Twentieth Century'." The Monroe Doctrine. Milestones in American History. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 2007. American History Online, Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE52&iPin=MAHMD09&SingleRecord=True (accessed October 21, 2010).H.S. Works Cited

19. By Nikhil B. The Taft Dollar Diplomacy

20. Diplomacy dealt with U.S gaining economic rather than military power abroad U.S concerned about South American dependence on Europe for economic growth Dependence would give Europe too much power in South America Therefore forced Latin American countries to replace European loans with American loansN.B. How it was used

21. Key Step: gain control of customs office Once under American control, countries would get revolutionaries under control Result: stable economy/government N.B. Assumption…

22. Example Nicaragua: 1909 all of its debt was to Europe Pro-American Adolfo Diaz came into power August 1910 Replaced all European loans with American. America took control of customs revenues/operations for duration of loan N.B. Result: CORRUPTION

23. Nicaragua’s economy continues to decline U.S banks take unofficial control of countries finances N.B. America takes control

24. Hastedt, Glenn. "dollar diplomacy." Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2004. American History Online. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/a ctivelink2.asp? ItemID=WE52&iPin=EAFP11 5&SingleRecord=True (acces sed October 26, 2010). Hastedt, Glenn. "dollar diplomacy." Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2004. American History Online. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/a ctivelink2.asp? ItemID=WE52&iPin=EAFP11 5&SingleRecord=True (acces sed October 26, 2010). N.B. N.B. Works Cited