1. C5- IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
Let us buy some Blade Servers!

2. reduce wasted
computer resources not used for processing, use existing resources more
efficiently, and cut costs and power consumption.
Invest on hardware and software technologies that are cost-effective, efficient, and energy-saving.

3. Computers 3
A computer
Takes data as input
Processes it
Outputs information
CPU  Central Processing Unit
Primary Storage
RAM  Random Access Memory
ROM  Read Only Memory
Secondary Storage, Input/Output Devices, Communications Devices
Input – Process - Output 3

4. Evolution of IT Infrastructure
General-purpose mainframe and minicomputer era (1959 – present)
Personal computer era (1981 to present)
Client/server era (1983 to present)
Enterprise computing era (1992 to present)
Cloud and mobile computing era (2000 to Present)

6. IT Infrastructure Fit 1. Technological 2. Service6
1. Technological
hardware/software needed to operate
Capacity, speed
2. Service
Services provided by the IT infrastructure
Computing platforms, telecommunications, data management, etc. 6

7. 6 7

8. A client/server network
Web Server
Application Server
5-18

9. The future! Technology Drivers9
Moore’s Law
The power of microprocessors doubles every 18 months
Computing power doubles every 18 months
The price of computing falls by half every 18 months
Law of Mass Digital Storage
The amount of digital information is roughly doubling every year
The cost of storage is falling at an exponential rate of 100 percent per year
Metcalf’s Law
The value of a network grows exponentially as a function of the number of network members
Metcalfe’s Law and Network economics: If you build a network for ten users, you‘ll spend the
necessary money for the basic equipment. If you already have the equipment in place, you can add one
more user at nominal costs. However, the additional user will bring value to the network far beyond
what it costs to add him/her 9

10. Technology Drivers … Declining Communications Costs and the Internet10
Declining Communications Costs and the Internet
Rapid decline in costs of communication and the exponential growth in the size of the Internet
Standards and network effects
ASCII (1958)
COBOL (1959)
Unix (1969–1975)
TCP/IP (1974)
Ethernet (1973)
IBM/Microsoft/Intel Personal Computer (1981)
World Wide Web (1989–1993)
Network Effects 10

11. 7 Components of an IT infrastructure

12. IT infrastructure Components …
Computer Hardware Platforms
Blade servers
Operating System Platforms
Unix and Linux
Enterprise Software Applications
SAP, Oracle
Data Management and Storage
Storage Area Networks (SANs)

13. IT infrastructure Components …
Networking/Telecommunications Platforms
Combination of telephone services, cell phone connectivity, computers and peripheral devices, handheld PDAs, and wireless services
Internet Platforms
Intranets/extranets using internet platform
Consulting and System Integration Services
Legacy Systems
Consulting and System Integration
Most firms today, even large firms, cannot develop their systems without significant outside help
Must ensure new systems integrate with legacy systems
Consulting and systems integration is a lucrative market
Companies choose not to totally replace legacy systems because it‘s too expensive, involves too much training, and carries too much organizational change.

14. Hardware Platform Trends
and Emerging Technologies
Integration of Computing & Telecommunications
Increasingly, computing takes place over the network
Client level: The integration of cell phones and PDAs
Server level: The integration of voice telephone and the Internet bring together two historically separate and distinct global networks
The network in many respects is the source of computing power

15. Hardware Platform The Emerging Mobile Digital Platform Grid Computing17
The Emerging Mobile Digital Platform
Netbooks, Smart Phones
Grid Computing
connecting geographically remote computers
short-term access to large computational capacity
compare with mainframes/super computers
Virtualization
multiple operating systems and application programs on one server
overall utilization rates, maintenance, upgrades … TCO
Here‘s a list of the benefits businesses enjoy from using virtualization:
 Increase equipment utilization rates
 Conserve data center space and energy usage
 Require fewer computers and servers
 Combine legacy applications with newer applications
 Facilitate centralization and consolidation of hardware administration 15

16. Hardware Platform … Cloud computing Cloud services Green Computing
On-Demand computing (Utility Computing)
off-load to a remote and large-scale data processing center.
Cloud services
Cloud infrastructure as a service
Cloud platform as a service
Cloud software as a service
Green Computing
CIBC out sources to HP
28,000 ;
41,000 desktops PCs,
4,500 ATMs, and
10,000 POS terminals. 16

17. Hardware Platform … Autonomic Computing
Cost of managing them has risen 30%-50% to prevent crashing!
Features:
Configure themselves
Optimize and tune themselves
Heal themselves when broken
Protect themselves from intruders and self-destruction
Autonomic computing is an industry-wide effort
High-Performance and Power-Saving Processors 17

18. Hardware Platform … Edge Computing20
Edge Computing
A multi-tier, load-balancing scheme for Web-based applications
Processing load is distributed closer to the user and handled by smaller, lower-cost servers 18

19. Software Platform Evolution
Five themes
Linux and open-source software
OpenOffice
Software for the Web: Java and Ajax
Web Services and Service-Oriented Architecture
XML/SOAP for data transfer
Software Outsourcing and Cloud Services
Software Packages and Enterprise Software
Software as a service (SaaS)
5-48

20. Software Platform Evolution …
Linux and Open Source
free and can be modified by users
Developed and maintained by a worldwide network of programmers and designers under the management of user communities
Software Platform Evolution 20

21. Software Platform Evolution …
Java is an operating system-independent, processor-independent, object-oriented programming language
The leading interactive programming environment for the Web
Enterprise Integration
Priority of integrating legacy systems with newer Web-based applications
Growth of enterprise-wide applications
Use of middleware to create an interface or bridge
Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) software packages connect disparate applications 21

22. Management Issues Dealing with Platform and Infrastructure Change
Management and Governance
Making Wise Infrastructure Investments
Consider TCO

23. Software Platform Trends and Emerging Technologies
5-48

24. Software Platform Evolution
Web Services
a set of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with each other using Web communication standards and languages
Foundation technology is XML
Service-oriented architecture
Major vendors provide tools for building software using Web services 24

25. Software Outsourcing 28
Today large and small firms purchase most of their software from outside vendors.
Three kinds of outsourcing:
Purchase of software packages
Using application service providers (may rent)‏
Custom outsourcing 25

26. Sources of Software Software package29
Software package
Prewritten off-the-shelf software
Application Service Providers (ASP):
A business that delivers and manages applications and computer services from remote computer centers to multiple users using the Internet or a private network
Software outsourcing
Contract the development of custom software 26

27. Management Challenges27
Making wise infrastructure investments
Choosing and coordinating infrastructure components
Dealing with infrastructure change
scalability
Management and governance
Model total cost of ownership (TCO)‏ 27