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CHAPTER 28 The cold War. US REACTION TO COMMUNISM.

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Presentation on theme: "CHAPTER 28 The cold War. US REACTION TO COMMUNISM."— Presentation transcript:

1 CHAPTER 28 The cold War

2 US REACTION TO COMMUNISM

3 Marshall Plan $13 B BERLIN, GERMANY BEFOREAFTER

4 CAEN, FRANCE BEFOREAFTER

5 DRESDEN, GERMANY BEFOREAFTER

6 LONDON, ENGLAND BEFOREAFTER

7 ROTTERDAM, HOLAND BEFOREAFTER

8

9 End of the Berlin Airlift

10

11 Cold War Heats up in Asia Fighting ended in 1951 80,000 Americans wounded 14,000 Dead

12 Cold War Heats up in Asia HHo Chi Minh leader of Vietminh – multiparty nationalist alliance to take over Vietnam and kick out French CChinese offered assistance to protect own borders GGeneva Conference, 1954: divided Vietnam in half NNorth Half: Communist led by Ho Chi Minh SSupposed to temporary  1956 elections for Vietnamese to choose what they wanted to be EEisenhower didn’t allow them

13 Cold War Heats Up with Ike…

14 Vienna Conference JJFK invited Khrushchev to meet with him in Vienna, Austria in June 1961 to ease tensions KKhrushchev demanded: UUS and allies recognize Communist East Germany as an independent nation WWithdraw from West Berlin

15 WWest Berlin was an “island of freedom” surrounded by East Germany 33.5 Million East Germans escaped through West Berlin JJFK & advisors afraid East Germany would use force to regain West Berlin CCalled reserves into active duty, built nuclear shelters in US, troop buildup in West Germany

16 Berlin Wall AAugust 13, 1961: Khrushchev closed crossing points between East and West Berlin WWithin hours 25,000 troops were in place to guard a barbed wire barrier around West Berlin AA proper wall soon followed: 97 miles around the three Western Sectors, 27 miles between West & East Berlin NNo Mans Land in Between

17 Cuban Missile Crisis UUS actions at the Bay of Pigs and Berlin Crisis encouraged USSR to become more aggressive KKhrushchev pledged to defend Cuba UUSSR concerned about nuclear missiles placed in Turkey CConvinced Castro to allow Surface - to – air missiles (SAM) and nuclear missiles in Cuba

18 JJFK ordered U-2 spy planes to fly over Cuba 11962: photos showed the building of SAMs JJFK’s advisors advised an airstrike FFollowed by an invasion AAct of war RRobert McNamara & Robert Kennedy wanted a naval blockade TThis would be an act of war too, less threatening JJFK chose blockade FFor two days the US prepared for war as Soviet ships sailed for Cuba – Khrushchev said if we try to stop them, WAR!

19 Khrushchev wrote a letter…

20 Decolonization- 1947 - 1962

21 Palestine & Israel IIn 1947 Great Britain gave up its mandate of Palestine UUnited Nations divided Palestine into a Jewish state and an Arab State MMay 14, 1948: state of Israel 11948 Arab-Israeli War: Israel gained 26% more land 11954: Gamal Abdel Nasser (1918-1970) of Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal, British and French attacked, the US and USSR sided with Egypt

22

23 Republic of China

24 USSR

25 Behind the Iron Curtain

26 Putting Western Europe Back Together CCharles de Gaulle (1890- 1970)French Popular Movement, rightist organization, called for stronger presidency FFourth Republic, struggling over Indochina and Algeria gave control to de Gaule 11958: Fifth Republic enhanced power of president Choose Prime Minister, dissolve parliament NNationalized industry

27

28 France, West Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Italy

29 Society

30 Art & Literature

31 Literature

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