1. Transport Development and Strategy Institute (TDSI)
Partnership for Sustainable Urban Transport in Asia Hanoi City - Vietnam
Transport Development and Strategy Institute (TDSI)
Ministry of Transport
Part 1: Introduction
Overview of Hanoi
Transport Challenges
Transport Goals
Definition of “Sustainable Transport” for Hanoi
Part 2: Data Leading to Indicators
Information Chart
Indicator Overview
Gaps/Weakness
Part 3 : Most Important Challenges for Hanoi
Part 4 : Indicator Hierarchy
Part 5 : Next Steps

2. Hanoi Introduction Part 1 Area : 920.97sqKms Population: 3.05 mil
Population density:
3317 per/sq-kms
9 urban districts
5 rural districts
2nd ranking economic prosperity
4th ranking
population
Capital
Cultural,
political, and
economic center
of Vietnam
Ho Chi Minh City
Part 1

3. Transport challenges (1)
High number of private vehicles (especially, two-wheelers)
- 412 motorbikes/ 1000 population (Car: 43cars/1000 p.)
- Vehicle frequency from traffic counts(2003):
Number of vehicle is growing rapidly ( 10 recent years)
- Average annual growth of motorbike : 13%
- Average annual growth of car : 10%
Narrow streets; Low road space;
- Land use for transport of 6.1% with 1% for parking/storage
( Other countries’ cities : 15-25% and 8% )
Part 1

4. Transport challenges (2)
Limited parking space:
- Existing land use for parking space : 0.31%
(including parking space of streets and sidewalks)
10% of parking demand
Congestion
Air pollution from transport
Part 1

5. Transport problems
Part 1

6. Transport goals (2) Part 1 - Goals for Travel Modes in Hanoi
Means of Transport
2005
2010
2020
PSUTA goals 2020
Urban Bus + Taxi
15/5%
15-20/5%
20-25/5%
Urban Railway
8-10%
30%
Public transport =(1)+(2)
20%
30-35%
55-60%
Bike
14%
13-14% 7%
Motorbike
49%
38%
15-20%
Car 8%
9-12%
11-17%
Regional passenger bus+others 9%
10%
12%
- Study and Develop Urban Railway Network (Metro & Sky Train)
Part 1

7. Definition of “Sustainable Transport “ for Hanoi
“Sustainable Transport means Transport system which are Optimize transport network meets the mobility needs of the present, easy access and smooth mobility for different income groups, does not pollute environment, meets travel needs for all, minimize congestion, traffic accidents and compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their transport needs”
Environment
Sustainable
Social
Economics
Part 1

8. Indicator and Data – PEOPLE (2)
Population and Population density by districts in 2003
Population density
Population
0.857
36.5
104th
398th
Part 2

9. Public Transport by Bus
Indicator and Data – TRANSPORT (3)
Bus Network
Total route : 41 routes
Total length : Kms
Number of vehicle:680
Daily passenger :
(22.5mil/month)
Source: TUPWS, 8,2004
Public Transport by Bus
(mil.passengers/year) 50
100
150
200
1978
1992
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Source : TRAMOC ( ) – survey IMV (2004)
Part 2

10. Indicator and Data – TRANSPORT(4)
Modal Share of trip by mode
Part 2
Source: Householde interview survey questionnaires, TDSI, 2003

11. Indicator and Data – TRANSPORT (5)
Trip distance by Mode
Travel time by Mode
Share of trips by purpose
TDSI, 2004
Part 2
Source: Households interview survey questionnaires, TDSI, 2003

12. Indicator and Data – TRANSPORT (6)
Vehicle Numbers
in 2003
Vehicle :
Motorcycle:
Total:
Fuel Intensity by Vehicle and fuel
Vehicle type
Fuel Intensity (liters/100km) on highway
with speed 90km/h
Fuel Intensity (liters/100km)
in city
Gasoline engines
Diesel engines
Cars < 9 Seats
- Cars
(l)
(l)
- Small buses
(l)
(l)
(l)
Passenger > 24 Seats
Passenger < 24 Seats
Small trucks
9.5-10(l)
(l)
(l)
Heavy trucks
Motorcycles
l(l)
(l)
Buses
-Bus 80 Seats
32-41(l)
-Bus 60 Seats
20-34(l)
-Bus 24 Seats
16-17(l)
Part 2

13. Indicator and Data - ECONOMICS
Contribution to GDP of Transport Branch
Transport construction activity and investment
Economic Profitability of public and private transport firms
Transportation expenditures of households
Expenditures Item
1000 VND
(%)
Vehicles
3500
33.87
Fuel (gasoline)
2978.4
28.82
Fuel (diesel)
350.4
3.39
Insurance
140
1.35
Maintenance and Repairs
1000
9.68
Parking
2000
19.35
Tolls
365
3.53
Total
100.00
Part 2
Source : TDSI, 2003

14. Indicator and Data – HEALTH and ENVIRONMENT
Air Quality (3)
Standard NO2=0.1 mg/m3
Source : - State of the Environment in Hanoi City 2003 –DONRE of Hanoi
- Controlling pollution and giving out environmental protection mitigations in activities of vehicle- VR- 7/2002.
Part 2

15. Indicator and Data – HEALTH and ENVIRONMENT
Air Quality (4)
Standard SPM=0.2 mg/m3
Source : - State of the Environment in Hanoi City 2003 –DONRE of Hanoi
- Controlling pollution and giving out environmental protection mitigations in activities of vehicle- VR- 7/2002.
Part 2

16. Indicator and Data – HEALTH and ENVIRONMENT
Hot Spots for
pollution No
Intersections 1
Nga Tu So 2
Nga Tu Vong 3
Chua Boc 4
Kim Lien – Giai Phong 5
Ton That Tung – Pham Ngoc Thach 6
Cau Giay 7
Nam Cau Chuong Duong 8
Sai Dong
Roads
Giai Phong
Truong Chinh
Tay Son – Ton Duc Thang
Nguyen Trai
Kim Ma – Nguyen Thai Hoc
Duong Lang
Pham Van Dong
Source : - State of the Environment in Hanoi City 2003
– DONRE of Hanoi.
Part 2

17. Indicator and Data – SAFETY and ACCIDENTS
Fatalities : 460
Injuries : 1138
Part 2

18. Indicator and Data – GAPS/WEAKNESS
Data are collected from varied sources which own data, it does not the same.
Data are collected from varied sources and through one-off projects, meaning there is a lack of consistency in indicator information.
Lack of coordination organizations, sharing information
Environment :
- Lack of indicator data on environment – there is a need for this that is not being met by current development studies. More environment data must be collected/maintained in order to move to the next level of development.
Part 2

19. MOST IMPORTANT CHALLENGES FOR HANOI
ACCESS/CONGESTION/TRANSPORT
Development of public transport network
Land use for transport (parking space and road space)
Congestion hotspots
ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH
Environment: air quality and pollutant concentrations
SAFETY AND SECURITY
Traffic accidents
Part 3

20. Access/Congestion Part 4
Indicator Pyramid : ACCESS/CONGESTION/TRANSPORT
Access/Congestion
Congestion time (mins/km)
Congestion cost ($m per year)
Delay by streets, journey, mode
O-D survey:
Travel time and duration; travel purpose
Traffic flow by street
Speeds by street
Part 4

21. Air Quality and Pollutant Concentrations Part 4
Indicator Pyramid : ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH
Air Quality and Pollutant Concentrations
Days concentrations exceed critical values
Economic and health costs of pollution
Average concentration of pollutants in the ambient air
Share of vehicles by type meeting most recent emissions control standard
Share of vehicles by type actually passing vehicle emissions tests.
Grams per cubic centimeter; days per year : NOx; CO; SO2; SPM; Pb
Fuel use; emissions coefficients and driving cycles by vehicle type;
Part 4

22. NEXT STEPS
Master Plan for Economic and Society Development for Hanoi City 2020 (JICA)
Setting up the target indicators for transport development and environment in Hanoi City, including air pollution implications of Master Plan.
Fill gaps : Survey private transport every 3(or 6) months at 6 intersections during 2 years
Environment:
- Setting up environment database, sharing information
- Fill gaps : Funding money for using mobile station
- Equipment, training to monitor in use vehicles emission
Part 5

23. NEXT STEPS Part 5 Traffic Safety - Engineering - Education
- Enforcement
Develop a means for standardizing data from different sources and maintaining them consistently for the future.
Part 5

24. Thank you !
TDSI
Tel :
Fax: