1. The North and South Before the Civil War
Background to the Conflict
Pre-Civil War Days

2. Differences Divide North & South
Regional Differences
North
More factories
People began moving to the cities to work
Less people farmed because land was rocky
Shipbuilding developed because of the abundance of lumber from the many forests
Swift flowing rivers were used for powering factories
People from other countries moved to the North
Population grew rapidly to over 19 million!!!

3. Differences Divide North & South
Regional Differences
South
Huge Plantations
Needed a lot of workers
Used slave labor

4. The South
Farming remained the main way to earn a living since the land was quite fertile and the climate warm with a long growing season
Most were small one family farms
Rivers systems helped farmers get their crops to market
Population was a lot smaller (11 million) than in the North (19 million)

5. The South

6. Views on Slavery
North freed most of the slaves after the Declaration of Independence
The North didn’t need slaves since they did not have large farms or plantations
South did not free slaves after the Declaration of Independence
The south needed slaves to do the work on the large plantations

7. “King Cotton” in the South
Cotton was hard to prepare for market
The little seeds had to be separated from the cotton
This was very hard to do and took a LOT of TIME
Eli Whitney invented the Cotton Gin
Made cleaning cotton easier
Farmers grew more cotton & made $$$
Needed more slaves to work the cotton

8. Education in the South Only the rich elite were formally educated
Southerners did not believe all needed to be able to read the Bible
Poor whites and slaves were not encouraged to learn to read
There was no real public education system at this time

9. Education in the North
Public education, including colleges, was well established in the North
Mainly because Puritans who settled in the North felt everyone should be able to read the Bible
Most who went to school were rich and most were men