2. Use appropriate articles (a, the or X) to fill in the blanks According to __ National Weather Service, __ cyclones are __ areas of circulating winds that rotate counterclockwise in __ Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in __ Southern Hemisphere. They are generally accompanied by some kind of __ precipitation and by __ stormy weather. __ tornadoes and hurricanes are __ types of cyclones, as are typhoons, which are __ storms that occur in __ western Pacific Ocean. __ hurricane is __ cyclone that forms over tropical oceans and seas and has winds of at least seventy-four miles __ hour. __ hurricane rotates in __ shape of __ oval or circle. __ hurricanes can cause __ great environmental damage. Hurricane Andrew, which hit __ coasts of Louisiana and southern Florida in August 1992, caused __ extreme devastation.

3. According to the National Weather Service, x cyclones are x areas of circulating winds that rotate counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. They are generally accompanied by some kind of x precipitation and by x stormy weather. X tornadoes and hurricanes are x types of cyclones, as are typhoons, which are x storms that occur in the western Pacific Ocean. A hurricane is a cyclone that forms over tropical oceans and seas and has winds of at least seventy-four miles an hour. A hurricane rotates in the shape of an oval or circle. X hurricanes can cause x great environmental damage. Hurricane Andrew, which hit the coasts of Louisiana and southern Florida in August 1992, caused x extreme devastation.

4. Use appropriate articles (a, the or X) to fill in the blanks ___ Bermuda Triangle is situated in ___ western part of ___ Atlantic Ocean and is over ___ million sq km. Right in ___ middle of ___Bermuda Triangle is ___ Sargasso Sea. It is called "Sargasso" because of ___ seaweed that grows there. ___ "Sargasso" seaweed is supposedly strong enough to pull down ___ ships. However, that can't be ___ reason for all ___ ships and planes going missing. Or have you seen ___ seaweed growing 10 kilometres out of ___ water to pull down planes, too? Since ___ year 1800, more than 50 planes and ships have gone missing, and nobody really knows why. That is ___ reason why it got ___ nickname, " ___ sea of lost ships" and " ___ ships’ graveyard".

5. The Bermuda Triangle is situated in the western part of the Atlantic Ocean and is over a million sq km. Right in the middle of the Bermuda Triangle is the Sargasso Sea. It is called "Sargasso" because of the seaweed that grows there. The "Sargasso" seaweed is supposedly strong enough to pull down x ships. However, that can't be the reason for all x/the ships and planes going missing. Or have you seen x seaweed growing 10 kilometres out of the water to pull down planes, too? Since the year 1800, more than 50 planes and ships have gone missing, and nobody really knows why. That is the reason why it got the nickname "the sea of lost ships" and " the ships’ graveyard".

6. Use appropriate articles (a, the or X) to fill in the blanks In 1881 ___ Ellen Austen was passing ___ Azores when it saw ___ abandoned ship. It stopped to help and three of its men went on board. However, due to ___ storm ___ boats were separated and ___ Ellen Austen had to come back again ___ few days later. To their surprise, ___ men on board ___ abandoned ship had completely disappeared and so they sent another three men on board. Again they were separated by ___ storm and when they came back some time later, not only had ___ ship disappeared but also their own crew who had gone aboard.

7. In 1881 the Ellen Austen was passing the Azores when it saw an abandoned ship. It stopped to help and three of its men went on board. However, due to a storm the boats were separated and the Ellen Austen had to come back again a few days later. To their surprise, the men on board the abandoned ship had completely disappeared and so they sent another three men on board. Again they were separated by a storm and when they came back some time later, not only had the ship disappeared but also their own crew who had gone aboard.

8. State the function and/or the reference of determinators (primary determiners) Pass me a beer. – indefinite specific reference, individualizing function (=one belonging to a class, one of many) Jimmy became a lawyer. – generic reference, classifying function (assigning to a class) A cat is a domestic animal. – generic reference, classifying function (general sense, species) It will cost you a dollar. – numeric function (=one) We are of an age. – numeric function (=the same) How much do you make a month? – distributive function (=per) It was a day to remember. He lived a happy life – distributive, something unique (=a particular day, a particular kind of life) What a nice dress! – distributive, after what, such, so

9. Can I have a pen? Birds of a feather flock together. It is not so good an idea. Isn’t she a teacher? They caught him driving 70 miles an hour. A tiger can be dangerous. Linda is an actress. Are you saying you paid a thousand for that?

10. Can I have a pen? - specific reference, individualizing function Birds of a feather flock together. – numeric function It is not so good an idea. – distributive function Isn’t she a teacher? – generic reference, classifying function They caught him driving 70 miles an hour. – distributive function A tiger can be dangerous. – generic reference, classifying function Linda is an actress. – generic reference, classifying function Are you saying you paid a thousand for that? – numeric function

11. I’ve seen him a couple of times. He’s such an idiot. His son wants to be a pilot. I have a wonderful job. A lion is a wild animal. Could you give me a cigarette?

12. I’ve seen him a couple of times. – numeric function He’s such an idiot. – distributive function His son wants to be a pilot. – generic reference, classifying function I have a wonderful job. – distributive function A lion is a wild animal. generic reference, classifying function A lion is a wild animal. – generic reference, classifying function Could you give me a cigarette? – indefinite specific reference, individualizing function

13. Open the door. Open the door. The moon is so beautiful. The moon is so beautiful. The French are famous for their cuisine. The French are famous for their cuisine. She hit him in the face. She hit him in the face. She is the tallest girl in our class. She is the tallest girl in our class. We will call John the electrician. We will call John the electrician. The book on the table is mine The book on the table is mine

14. Open the door. – specific, implicit (situational) = immediate surroundings Open the door. – specific, implicit (situational) = immediate surroundings The moon is so beautiful. – specific, implicit (situational) = the only one The moon is so beautiful. – specific, implicit (situational) = the only one The French are famous for their cuisine. generic The French are famous for their cuisine. generic She hit him in the face. – specific, implicit (situational) = his/my etc. inherent possession She hit him in the face. – specific, implicit (situational) = his/my etc. inherent possession She is the tallest girl in our class. – explicit (linguistic) – with superlatives She is the tallest girl in our class. – explicit (linguistic) – with superlatives We will call John the electrician. – explicit (linguistic) – with professions We will call John the electrician. – explicit (linguistic) – with professions The book on the table is mine – explicit (linguistic) – premodified (PrepP) The book on the table is mine – explicit (linguistic) – premodified (PrepP)

15. Why did you switch off the lights? Why did you switch off the lights? People from the Southwest are famous for their cooking skills. People from the Southwest are famous for their cooking skills. Can you play the piano? Can you play the piano? It was unlikely that two people would share the same impression. It was unlikely that two people would share the same impression. I walked up the stairs and went to bed. I walked up the stairs and went to bed. Which is the longest river in your country? Which is the longest river in your country? The man living next door is a doctor. The man living next door is a doctor. The rich should help the poor. The rich should help the poor.

16. Why did you switch off the lights? – specific, implicit Why did you switch off the lights? – specific, implicit People from the Southwest are famous for their cooking skills. – specific, implicit People from the Southwest are famous for their cooking skills. – specific, implicit Can you play the piano? generic Can you play the piano? generic It was unlikely that two people would share the same impression. – explicit (linguistic) It was unlikely that two people would share the same impression. – explicit (linguistic) I walked up the stairs and went to bed. specific, implicit I walked up the stairs and went to bed. specific, implicit Which is the longest river in your country? explicit Which is the longest river in your country? explicit The man living next door is a doctor. explicit The man living next door is a doctor. explicit The rich should help the poor. generic The rich should help the poor. generic

17. Use appropriate forms of determiners or pronouns, and then identify the form My brother, ___ lives in London, is a lawyer. My brother, ___ lives in London, is a lawyer. There is ___ bread on the shelf. There is ___ bread on the shelf. Isn’t there ___ milk in the fridge? Isn’t there ___ milk in the fridge? The woman ____ daughter is your student wants to see you. The woman ____ daughter is your student wants to see you. ___ can live on ___ own. ___ can live on ___ own. ___ man is an island. ___ man is an island. The box was empty. There was ___ in it. The box was empty. There was ___ in it. I am thirsty. let me have ____ glass of water. I am thirsty. let me have ____ glass of water.

18. My brother, who lives in London, is a lawyer. My brother, who lives in London, is a lawyer. There is some bread on the shelf. There is some bread on the shelf. Isn’t there any milk in the fridge? Isn’t there any milk in the fridge? The woman whose daughter is your student wants to see you. The woman whose daughter is your student wants to see you. No one can live on their own. No one can live on their own. No man is an island. No man is an island. The box was empty. There was nothing in it. The box was empty. There was nothing in it. Don’t touch that book. It is mine. Don’t touch that book. It is mine.

19. who lives – relative pronoun who lives – relative pronoun some bread – indefinite determiner some bread – indefinite determiner any milk – indefinite determiner any milk – indefinite determiner whose daughter – relative pronoun whose daughter – relative pronoun no one can live – negative pronoun no one can live – negative pronoun on their own – possessive determiner on their own – possessive determiner no man – negative determiner no man – negative determiner nothing in it – negative pronoun nothing in it – negative pronoun It is mine. – possessive pronoun It is mine. – possessive pronoun

20. John hurried up and seizing one of us by the collar and the ___ by the arm shoved us ___ through the kitchen door. John hurried up and seizing one of us by the collar and the ___ by the arm shoved us ___ through the kitchen door. ___ you need is a hot bath. ___ you need is a hot bath. I wake up at seven ___ morning. I wake up at seven ___ morning. These apples look nice. Can I have ___? These apples look nice. Can I have ___? Raise ___ hand if you know the answer. Raise ___ hand if you know the answer. What do you think about ____? What do you think about ____?

21. and the other by the arm – demonstrative semi- pronominal and the other by the arm – demonstrative semi- pronominal shoved us both through – indefinite pronoun shoved us both through – indefinite pronoun What you need – relative pronoun What you need – relative pronoun every morning – universal determiner every morning – universal determiner Can I have some? – indefinite pronoun Can I have some? – indefinite pronoun your hand – possessive determiner your hand – possessive determiner about this – demonstrative pronoun about this – demonstrative pronoun