1. Atmospheric Moisture
Tutorial
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2. Environmental Lapse Rate Temperature of a parcel of air
ELR
ALR
SALR
DALR
Environmental Lapse Rate
Temperature of a parcel of air
Dew Point Temperature
Environmental lapse rate, air parcel temperature at ground level, dew point temperature are the only readings that can be varied in this model.
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3. ELR
ALR
SALR
DALR
For each 100m increase in height, there is a decrease in temperature at the environmental lapse rate.
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4. ELR
ALR
SALR
DALR
Unsaturated air cools at dry adiabatic lapse rate (DALR) while saturated air cools at saturated adiabatic lapse rate (SALR).
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5. ELR
ALR
SALR
DALR
If the upward movement of air does not lead to condensation, the air parcel temperature will fall at the DALR.
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6. ELR
ALR
SALR
DALR
If dew point temperature is reached, condensation occurs. The air cools at a lower rate (SALR) because of the release of latent heat.
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7. ELR
ALR
SALR
DALR
Now, let’s change the temperature of the air parcel at ground level from 8 to 12.
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8. ELR
ALR
SALR
DALR
ELR
ALR
DALR
Since the air parcel temperature is always higher than the dew point temperature, the air cools at dry adiabatic lapse rate.
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9. Now, we change it to 8 and notice the changes.
ELR
ALR
DALR
Now, we change it to 8 and notice the changes.
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10. ELR
ALR
SALR
DALR
ELR
ALR
DALR
This time, the air parcel temperatures above 700m are lower than dew point temperatures, and the air cools at the saturated adiabatic lapse rate.
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11. Unstable air can bring about rain and snow.
ELR
ALR
SALR
DALR
Unstable air can bring about rain and snow.
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12. That’s the end of this tutorial.
ELR
ALR
SALR
DALR
That’s the end of this tutorial.
End