1. Missouri Association of Local Boards of Health (MALBOH) Presents

2. TEN GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS OF PUBLIC HEALTH (WHY WE DO THE THINGS WE DO)! Modules developed by Ross McKinstry, MPH; Sheila Guice, MPH; and Mahree Skala, MA

3.  INTRODUCTION—What is Public Health?  OVERVIEW OF 10 GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS  ACHIEVEMENT #1: VACCINATION

5. Vaccination Vaccination Motor Vehicle Safety Motor Vehicle Safety Safer Workplaces Safer Workplaces Control of Infectious Diseases Control of Infectious Diseases Decline in Deaths from Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Decline in Deaths from Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Safer and Healthier Foods Safer and Healthier Foods Healthier Mothers and Babies Healthier Mothers and Babies Family Planning Family Planning Fluoridation of Drinking Water Fluoridation of Drinking Water Recognition of Tobacco Use as a Health Hazard Recognition of Tobacco Use as a Health Hazard

6. Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Prevention and Control of Infectious diseases Prevention and Control of Infectious diseases Tobacco Control Tobacco Control Maternal and Infant Health Maternal and Infant Health Motor Vehicle Safety Motor Vehicle Safety Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Occupational Safety Occupational Safety Cancer Prevention Cancer Prevention Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Public Health Preparedness and Response Public Health Preparedness and Response

7. What Is Public Health?  Prevent  Promote  Protect

9. Medical care typically treats illnesses after someone is sick. Medical care typically treats illnesses after someone is sick. Public Health attempts to prevent the illness in the first place. Public Health attempts to prevent the illness in the first place. Upstream versus Downstream Upstream versus Downstream

10. Herd (Population) Health

11. To Fulfill Society’s Interest In Assuring Conditions In Which People Can Be Healthy

12. For everyone…every day! For everyone…every day! Public Health makes good fiscal sense because it is cheaper to prevent health problems than to fix them after the fact. Public Health makes good fiscal sense because it is cheaper to prevent health problems than to fix them after the fact. Example: Flu shots….a $20 shot could save thousands of dollars at the hospital, and there are numerous examples of this type of savings. Dental sealants, clean water, safe food….. Example: Flu shots….a $20 shot could save thousands of dollars at the hospital, and there are numerous examples of this type of savings. Dental sealants, clean water, safe food…..

15. What was the average life expectancy in the U.S. in 1900? ⁻ 47.3 years old What was the average life expectancy in 2000? ⁻ 76.8 years old

16. There were 8,000 cars in the US and 144 miles of paved road Maximum speed limit was 10 mph in most cities 14% of the households had a bathtub 8% of the households had a telephone 90% of all US physicians had no college education 95% of all births were home births The average wage earner: ⁻ earned 22 cents per hour ⁻ averaged $200-$400 per year

17. The American flag had 45 stars Insulin & antibiotics had not yet been discovered One in 10 adults could not read or write Only 6% of Americans graduated from high school Marijuana, heroin & morphine were over-the- counter drugs. Coca-cola contained cocaine.

18. Five leading causes of death (in order) ⁻ Pneumonia & Influenza ⁻ Tuberculosis ⁻ Diarrhea ⁻ Heart Disease ⁻ Stroke

19. The health and life expectancy of US citizens improved drastically Since 1900 the average lifespan increased by more than 30 years. 25 of those added years can be attributed to the efforts of Public Health

21. 1900 - 21,064 cases of Smallpox ⁻894 patients died 1920 - 147,991 cases of Diphtheria ⁻13,170 patients died 1920 - 469,924 cases of Measles ⁻7,575 patients died 1922 - 107,473 cases of Pertussis (Whooping Cough) ⁻5,099 patients died.

23. Vaccine-Preventable Diseases at record low levels in the United States Smallpox Eradicated Polio Has Been Eliminated In The Americas WHO (World Health Organization) Seeks Total Elimination of Polio in 2015

24. Improvement in pneumococcal disease Varicella vaccine cut chickenpox incidence and deaths Hepatitis A has declined drastically

25. New & existing vaccine supplies & financing must be more secure. Parents need to understand the importance. We need to reach out to immunize children, especially those under 2! Missouri has ranked near the bottom in recent surveys of 2-year-old immunization rates

26. Recently, attempts have been made to take away the state’s authority to require immunizations for child care and school attendance. Immunization requirements have been the driving force behind the reduction in diseases. All major medical organizations support the requirements.

27.  Ten Great Achievements of Public Health in the 20 th Century Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report April 2, 1999 / 48 (12);241-243 http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/0005679 6.htm http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/0005679 6.htm  Update, May 20, 2011 / 60(19);619-623 http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6019a5.ht m

28. Thanks! Questions