1. Module 6 Feature Templates Create New Features Fix Topology Errors

2. When you begin editing, the Create Features Window may appear depending on your settings. If not, access by clicking the Create Features Icon on the Edit toolbar All of the editable layers in your map appear in the top Window. Depending on the geometry type, i.e. point, line, or polygon, appropriate Construction Tools appear in the list in the lower window. In the example at right, Selecting the ne160_a from the list shows various Polygon construction tools at the bottom DO NOT For Soils, DO NOT use the Circle, Ellipse or Freehand tools

3. A default edit Template is created for every editable layer in the map at the time Editing is initiated. If you need to manually Create a New Feature but there is no template for that feature (i.e. it doesn’t appear in the list in the upper window), open the Create Features Window >> Click on the Organize Template Features icon … … select the target data layer from the list and click New Template icon Click Finish

4. 4 Select the ne160_p layer from the Create Features Window The default tool allows you to just start clicking in the map to ‘drop’ points with each left click Create a point feature

5. 5 Add point features by left clicking, each left click adds a new point feature. The point features do not participate in the topology, so there is no need to check topology when adding points. Create a point feature

6. 6 Select a point feature and click the attribute button icon. In the Attributes Dialogue box, you can enter information about the point feature. In this example, we called the symbol “ROC” for rock outcrop Attribute point feature

7. Exercise: Close ArcMap and ArcCatalog if open Navigate to Module 6 >> Double-click on Module 6 Exercise.mxd to open the map Editor Dropdown >> Begin Editing Add Data >> Module 6 >> NE160.gdb\FDS_utm14n83\ne160_p Add a new point feature to the ne160_p feature class and attribute with “ROC” (no quotes) [ Hint: you will need to create a new template following the steps in the previous slides ]

8. Exercise Continued… Create New Polygon Features Typically you will use Cut, Merge, Reshape Edge, and Modify Edge to create new soil polygons. In certain situations you may need to create a new polygon from scratch, so we’ve included the steps below. Open the Create Features window (Editor Toolbar) Click on the Polygon feature class in the first window Select the “Construction Tool” or method below Typically, you will want to select the default, i.e. the “Polygon” method that allows you to manually insert vertices Note: Do NOT use the Circle, Ellipse, or Freehand tools

9. Left-click where you want to begin the polygon Left-click to add vertices Note that you are drawing a polygon (not a line) so there is no need to connect back to your starting point Double-click on the last vertex to finish sketch Start Point Ending Point

10. Next, Validate the Entire Topology. The new polygon shows up as a topology error. Why? Follow the steps on the following slides to fix the topology error

11. Select the Fix Topology Tool from the Topology Toolbar R-click on the Topology Error Polygon >> Create Feature Select the new polygon Open the Attribute Window MUSYM: 1234 Area Symbol: NE160

12. Fixing Topology Errors - OVERLAPS The main tool for fixing topology errors is located on the Topology Toolbar and it is called … Fix Topology Error tool OVERLAP To fix an OVERLAP error, select the Fix Topology Error Tool >> Right-click on the overlap error The Selected Topology Error is highlighted in Black Select the appropriate action from the menu options Typically you will fix an overlap with either Create Feature or Merge

13. Use Create Feature to create a new feature based on the geometry of the overlapping area Select and Attribute the new Polygon

14. Use Merge when you one of the overlapping polygons is correct and the intention is to merge the overlapping area into and existing polygon The illustration at shows a single vertex out of place in the polygon to the south. This results in a triangular overlap area. We do not want to keep this triangle as a polygon. Rather than creating a new feature and then merging it into the polygon to the north, use the Fix Topology tool Merge Choose which polygon should retain this overlap area

15. Fixing Topology Errors - GAPS Select the Fix Topology Error Tool from the Topology Toolbar Right-click on one of the LINES of the Gap* *Remember that the white-space of a gap contains No Data. It is a data void. There is nothing to select. Thus, you must select the red error, the line, in order to fix the gap.

16. Next, Select the new polygon and either Attribute it or merge it with an adjacent polygon

17. Fixing Topology Errors – GAPS Option 2 In many cases, you just need to close the gap. Rather than creating a new feature and then merging, use the Align Edge Tool on the Topology Toolbar. This tool edits one line to match another in the From Here – To There manner. Using the previous example, Select the Align Edge Tool Next click on the line you want to move, lines are highlighted in a dashed purple so you know which line it will select. Click to select, the line turns solid purple. This is the line you are moving From Here. Now the lines highlighted in dashed purple indicate To There…

18. Clicking on the line shown closes the gap. Note that the Topology error still shows until you revalidate the topology After validating the Topology, the error goes away. Click on another tool to get out of this Align Edge Mode…

19. Fixing Topology Errors – The Error Inspector The Topology Error Inspector provides a tabular list of all topology errors. Access the Error Inspector from the topology toolbar Typically you’ll want to Validate the Entire Topology >> Search Now button to ensure that the list of errors is complete Often you will want a list of ALL errors, not just the ones in your current view. Be sure to expand the Error Inspector wide enough to UNCHECK the Visible Extent Only box. Filter by type of Error

20. Right-click on each error for a list of options Typically you will not be able to tell what the fix is until you Zoom To Once the error is fixed it is removed from the list Click Search Now again if necessary to refresh the list Many topology errors are too small to see unless you are zoomed in very closely. The error inspector helps ensure that ALL topology errors have been corrected.

21. Exercise – Fix Topology Errors Navigate to Module 6 Double-click on Module 6 Topology Fix Exercise.mxd to open the map. Begin Editing Fix ALL topology errors