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The European Union Trade Policy 2014

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Presentation on theme: "The European Union Trade Policy 2014"— Presentation transcript:

1 The European Union Trade Policy 2014
European Commission Trade

2 Content 1. Today’s Context 2. The EU in World Trade
3. EU Trade and Investment Policy 4. Multilateral Dimension 5. Bilateral Agreements Unilateral Dimension Enforcement

3 1. Today’s Context

4 Emergence of new economic powerhouses
Globalisation - Including fragmentation of value chains Emergence of new economic powerhouses - China, India, Brazil Economic downturn - Trade is part of the solution

5 2. The EU in World Trade

6 EU 28 remains a trading power…
15 % of world trade (in goods) in 2013 Second-largest importer (after the US) € 1,629 bn (2013) First exporter €1,738 bn (2013) EU-28 received €327 bn in FDI 2013 (ranking 1st before US €141 bn) Sources: Eurostat, UNCTAD

7 The EU28 in world trade 10 major EU28 export partners (2013, source: Comext regime 4)
Rank. EU Exports to M euro % world Extra EU-28 1,733,961 1 USA 16.6 2 Switzerland 9.8 3 China 8.5 4 Russia 6.9 5 Turkey 77.755 4,5 6 Japan 54.076 3,1 7 Norway 50.225 2.9 8 United Arab Emirates 44.652 2.6 9 Brazil 40.043 2,3 10 South Korea 39.968

8 The EU28 in world trade 10 major EU28 import partners (2013, sources: Comext regime 4)
Rank. EU Imports from M euro % world Extra EU-28 1 China 16,6 2 Russia 12,3 3 USA 11,7 4 Switzerland 94.305 5,6 5 Norway 90.064 5,4 6 Japan 56.565 3,4 7 Turkey 50.401 3.0 8 India 36.809 2,2 9 South Korea 35.840 2,1 10 Brazil 33.096 2,0

9 The EU in world trade Share of EU28
The EU in world trade Share of EU28*, USA, Japan and China in World Trade in Goods (%) * Excluding intra EU Trade

10 Investment going into and from the EU
2013 World investment into EU € 327bn (33,7 %) 2013 EU investment into world € 341bn (37,7 %) Total World investment into EU € 3.947bn (34.2%) Total EU investment into world € 5.207bn (45.5%) Sources: Eurostat, UNCTAD 2012 and 2013

11 EU's investments in the world, 2013
Rank Country M euro 1 USA 2 Offshore financial centres 39.929 3 Brazil 35.621 4 Switzerland 24.435 5 Hong Kong 10.358 6 China (except Hong Kong) 8.161 Sources: Eurostat, provisional data

12 3. EU Trade and Investment Policy

13 EU Trade and Investment Policy Basic features
Being the leading trade region Strong interest in: Open markets Clear regulatory frameworks Responsibility towards: EU citizens Rest of the World Need to reinforce EU competitiveness on world markets

14 Reaching beyond the borders…
Trade is no longer just about tariffs… - Standards - Licensing practices - Domestic taxes - Investment Trade is not just about trade… - Environment - Human Rights - Labour Rights

15 Trade Policy Agenda Trade, Growth and World Affairs
Pursue active negotiating agenda - Multilateral Trade Agreements Bilateral Trade Agreements Deepen relations with strategic partners China, Russia, Brazil Enforce EU rights, tackling trade barriers

16 Investment policy EU exclusive competence (Lisbon Treaty)
Communication "Towards a comprehensive European investment policy" (2010) Investment protection within negotiations: . On-going: Canada, India, Japan, Morocco, Singapore, USA . Possible: Tunisia, Egypt, Jordan Standalone investment agreement with China Legal certainty and transparency

17 EU Trade and Investment Policy Three strands
Dimensions of trade and Investment policy - Multilateral - Bilateral - Unilateral

18 EU Trade and Investment Policy How we negotiate
Civil Society and Public Consultations The Commission negotiates On behalf of the 28 Member States Regular reporting to the Council and the European Parliament The Council co-decides Directives for negotiations Follows the negotiation process Council approve the results of the negotiation (generally by qualified majority) The Parliament co-decides EP co-decides with the Council on trade legislations (except negotiating directives) EP gives consent on agreements

19 4. Multilateral Dimension

20 The Doha Development Round
Context - Launched in 2001 - Broad coverage window of opportunity (Bali, trade facilitation)? Big questions - Where are we today? - Will this make a difference for development? - Will this be a good deal? - Will we get there in the end?

21 5. Bilateral Agreements

22 Bilateral relations (FTAs)
Context Globally more than 200 FTAs Covering more than 35% of global trade FTAs top up what can be done in WTO ‘Extended’ regionalism

23 Bilateral agreements – State of play

24 FTA partners and trade in goods
Country / Region Imports Exports Trade % EU28 Trade USA 196.1 288.3 484.4 14.2 China 280.1 148.3 428.4 12.5 EFTA 188.0 222.9 410.9 12.0 Russia 206.1 119.8 325.9 9.5 MEDA (excl EU and Turkey) 77.7 103.4 181.1 5.3 ASEAN 96.8 81.8 178.6 5.2 GCC 56.9 95.1 152.0 4.4 ACP (excl South Africa) 76.5 62.2 138.6 4.1 Turkey 50.4 77.8 128.2 3.7 Japan 56.6 54.1 110.6 3.2 MERCOSUR (5) 47.1 57.0 104.1 3.0 South Korea 35.8 40.0 75.8 2.2 India 36.8 35.9 72.7 2.1 Canada 27.3 31.6 58.9 1.7 Hong Kong 10.2 35.7 46.0 1.3 Mexico 17.5 27.4 45.0 Australia 32.1 42.3 1.2 South Africa 15.5 24.5 Taiwan 22.1 16.5 38.6 1.1 Ukraine 13.8 23.9 37.8 Andean Community (4) 16.0 12.4 28.4 0.8 Central America (6) 6.5 5.5 12.1 0.4 Other Countries 138.3 141.9 280.2 8.2 Extra EU28 1,682.6 1,738.0 3420.6 100.0 Grey Concluded or under negotiations White No preferential trade agreement In Bn € / Sources: Comext, regime 4

25 Example: EU-South Korea Free Trade agreement
€1.6bn in customs duties saved per year Creates new trade opportunities (between €30bn and €50bn, up 80%) Access for service suppliers Tackling non-tariff barriers Better access to government procurement Protection of intellectual property Strong competition rules Commitment to sustainable development

26 6. Unilateral Dimension

27 Unilateral dimension Generalised Scheme of Preferences (GSP)
- Standard GSP - Everything But Arms (EBA) - GSP+ Trade Defence Instruments - Anti-dumping - Anti-subsidy - Safeguard measures

28 7. Enforcement

29 Removing trade barriers for EU exporters
Market Access Strategy New opportunities for EU exporters Market Access Partnership: - cooperation: Commission - Member States - businesses - local expertise make trade barriers easier to identify/address

30 Removing trade barriers for EU exporters
Market Access Strategy Market Access Partnership (Commission-Member States-Businesses) Market Access teams created Market Access Database (MADB) to record barriers under examination in EU trading partners

31 How to export from the EU Market Access Database
Applied Tariffs Statistical Database Non-tariff barriers Sanitary and Phytosanitary Database Exporters' Guide to Import Formalities Studies

32 How to export into the EU Export Helpdesk
Public and free Database on trade in goods Tariffs, trade agreements, statistics In English, French, Spanish, Portuguese

33 More EU Trade website: http://ec.europa.eu/trade/
Twitter EU Trade: EU Trade Commissioner: Twitter EU Trade Spokesperson: EU Trade Newsletters: How to export from the EU: How to export into the EU:


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