1. MobileMAN Kickoff1 Prototype Development Kit & P2P Middleware Proposal Giovanni Turi IIT - CNR Pisa giovanni.turi@iit.cnr.it

2. MobileMAN Kickoff2 Agenda  Introduction  The need for a “PDK” (Prototype Development Kit)  JXTA, a middleware for p2p networking  Conclusions

3. MobileMAN Kickoff3 Introduction  MobileMAN has objectives at all levels  Demonstrations play an important role:  For single modules  For the “fully functional”, integrated system  Demonstrate through usage of new/ported “killer” applications

4. MobileMAN Kickoff4 The need for a PDK – (1)  Few and unusable examples of ad hoc networks  There is the need for a Prototype Development Kit (PDK)  A PDK intended as a set of devices and tools to modify, build and test ad hoc software

5. MobileMAN Kickoff5 The need for a PDK – (2)  Use the PDK to:  Gain experience with the new technologies  Develop step-by-step prototypes  Do real experiments  Have more feedback to our “paper work”  Extend the PDK scope to all project members:  Share everybody’s expertise  Have a common testbed for coherent results

6. MobileMAN Kickoff6 The need for a PDK – (3)  Target  to set up an ad hoc network from (possibly) dishomogeneous nodes  Fix the application layer with a reference middleware (MW)  Play inside and below the MW Middleware Transport Routing MAC … Application

7. MobileMAN Kickoff7 The need for a PDK – (4)  What kind of devices and tools can we use?  HW: laptops, PDA’s, MeshAP…  OS: Linux for sure! But MS Windows XX?  Wireless Devices: IEEE 802.11x, Bluetooth  Tools: C/C++ (gcc), Java (JDK)  …but one reference MW:  Currently investigating on JXTA  Applications?

8. MobileMAN Kickoff8 JXTA A middleware for p2p computing

9. MobileMAN Kickoff9 JXTA – Intro (1)  Pronounced as “juxta” (from “juxtaposition”)  P2p computing side-by-side with client/server  Set of open, generalized p2p protocols To do what?  To build distributed applications able to communicate and collaborate on the network in a p2p fashion

10. MobileMAN Kickoff10 JXTA – Intro (2)  JXTA protocols are designed to deliver:  Interoperability, peers locate and communicate with each other  Platform independence, from the HW, from the programming language (see “binding”), from the transport protocol, (TCP/IP, Bluetooth, HomePNA)  Ubiquity, JXTA technology designed to be accessible by any digital device ...sounds interesting for “ad hoc”...

11. MobileMAN Kickoff11 JXTA – Intro (3)  And more for p2p nets JXTA delivers:  Uniform decentralized addressing scheme  Network virtualization  Fault resiliency  Dynamic self-organization ...even more interesting for “ad hoc”!  See later more specific slides…

12. MobileMAN Kickoff12 JXTA – mechanisms  What can JXTA-based peers do?  Discover each other  Self-organize into peer groups  Advertise and discover network services  Communicate with each other (even in a secure way  SSL/TCL)  Monitor each other

13. MobileMAN Kickoff13 JXTA – architecture  Three foundamental layers Applications Services Core  Some community p2p application  Applications and services are not rigidly separeted…  p2p networking primitives: pipes, peer groups, monitoring, security  Basic p2p services: search and index, file sharing, DFS, PKI…

14. MobileMAN Kickoff14 JXTA - components  Network is composed by peers  Peers can group up, forming peer groups  Peers can notify offered services through advertisements (XML docs or Binaries)  Peers communicate using pipes, exchanging messages (XML docs)  Pipes, with asynchronous and unidirectional communication (1:1, 1:N)

15. MobileMAN Kickoff15 JXTA - protocols  Peer Discovery, peers advertise and discover offered resources  Peer Information, peers obtain other peers status information  Peer Resolver, peers define and exchange information in a query/response model  Pipe Binding, peers establish virtual communication channels  Endpoint Routing, route discovery…similar to DSR, but with peer hierarchy  Rendezvous, message propagation within a group

16. MobileMAN Kickoff16 JXTA – key aspects (1)  Data standardization, use of XML docs to share information among peers  Uniform addressing scheme, use Uniform Resource Names (URNs) to identify any resource (peers, groups, pipes…), NO central authority like DNS  Example ID:  urn:jxta:uuid 5987678577…..87DA4F688

17. MobileMAN Kickoff17 JXTA – key aspects (2)  Network virtualization and fault resiliency, network topology is abstracted, use of independent routing protocol (ERP), reroute on the fly as peers come and go, replicate services within groups  Dynamic self-organization,  A peer locates other peers and groups, agrees on groups’ services, implements them and joins  A group maintains advertisements for its members, eventually authenticate members

18. MobileMAN Kickoff18 JXTA - conclusions  JXTA sounds appealing for our experiments  At least the concepts inside are close enough to ad hoc concepts  We can open the box and provide our own ad hoc services  Routing: DSR, AODV  Transport: TCP, HTTP, Bluetooth  Monitoring: check other peers behavior  ….and so on

19. MobileMAN Kickoff19 JXTA – problems  Sun supports a JAVA binding, and JAVA is perfect for fast application development, but…  Is it light enough for small devices?  How can we work around “SW-elefants”?  Do our own binding, maybe using the JAVA Native Interface  Use variants like JXME on small boxes

20. MobileMAN Kickoff20 JXME  JXTA for JAVA Micro Edition  Suitable for small devices with low capabilities  Mixed architecture: JXME on edge peers + JXTA with relay service on normal peers

21. MobileMAN Kickoff21 JXME – features supported  Discovery of pipes, peers and groups  Creation of pipes and groups  Group join  Communication through pipes

22. MobileMAN Kickoff22 JXME – constraints  No security (no SSL)  Limited architecture and run time support resources  Limited networking only HTTP  No XML (parsers are really really heavy!)

23. MobileMAN Kickoff23 JXME – the relays  Relay peers will offer:  Compact Advertisement  XML  binary translation  Proxy for small Mobile Information Device Profile ( MIDP) devices

24. MobileMAN Kickoff24 References and questions  JXTA project: http://www.jxta.org/  JXME project: http://jxme.jxta.org/  URNs: IETF RFC 2141