1. Introduction to Computer

2. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
A computer is a programmable machine.
The two principal characteristics of a computer are:
It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program).
It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner.
Modern computers are electronic and digital. The actual machinery – wires, transistors, and circuits – is called hardware; the instructions and data are called software.

3. HARDWARE
The hardware are the parts of computer itself including the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and related microchips and micro-circuitry, keyboards, monitors, case and drives (floppy, hard drive, CD, DVD, optical, tape, etc...). Other extra parts called peripheral components or devices include mouse, printers, modems, scanners, digital cameras and cards (sound, colour, video) etc... Together they are often referred to as a personal computers or PCs.

4. SOFTWARE
The software is the information that the computer uses to get the job done. There are many terms used for process of accessing software including running, executing, starting up, opening, and others.
Computer programs allow users to complete tasks. A program can also be referred to as an application and the two words are used interchangeably.
Examples of software programs or applications would be the Operating System (DOS, Windows 9x/Millenium/XP, O/S2, UNIX, MacOS 9.x/10.x and various others), Word processor (typing letters), Spreadsheet (financial info), Database (inventory control and address book), Graphics program, Internet Browser, and many others.
As well any document that you create, graphic you design, sound you compose, file you make, letter you write, you send or anything that you create on your computer is referred to as software. All software is stored in files.

5. OPERATING SYSTEMS
The operating system controls the input and output or directs the flow of information to and from the CPU. Much of this is done automatically by the system but it is possible to modify and control your system if you need to.
When you turn your computer on it first needs to load the operating system sometimes referred to a booting up. Basically the computer starts from scratch every time you turn the power on. All computers need some sort of Operating System (OS). The majority of modern home computers use some form of Microsoft's operating systems.
The original Microsoft operating system was called DOS (Disk Operating System) though most computers use Windows.
Windows comes in various versions beginning with version 3.x then 95, 98, ME and currently XP.
Some computer professionals, Internet Service Providers (ISP) and mainframe computer users use an operating system such as UNIX (or a variant such as Linux), Windows NT or 2000 (Win2k) or one of the other network or server based operating systems.

6. DISK AND STORAGE
Disks are used to store information. All information on computers are
stored in files. The size of a file is measured in bytes.
A byte is approximately one character (letter 'a', number '1').
About 1000 bytes is a kilobyte (KB).
About 1000 KB is a megabyte (MB).
About 1000 MB is a gigabyte (GB).
A byte is made up of 8 bits. A bit is simply an on or an off signal which
passes through the computers circuitry. Every piece of software can
be broken down into a series of on or off signals or it's Binary Code.

7. All general-purpose computers require the following hardware components:
Central Processing Unit (CPU) The heart of the computer, the component that actually executes instructions.
Memory enables a computer to store, at least temporarily, data and programs.
Input Device usually a keyboard or mouse.
Out Put Device a display screen, printer, or other such devices that lets you see what the computer has accomplished.
Storage Device allow a computer to permanently retain large amounts of data.

8. Central Processing Unit (CPU) The heart of the computer, the component that actually executes instructions.

9. Memory enables a computer to store, at least temporarily, data and programs.

10. Input Device usually a keyboard or mouse.

11. Out Put Device a display screen, printer, or other such devices that lets you see what the computer has accomplished.

12. Storage Device allow a computer to permanently retain large amounts of data.

13. Fully Equipped Computer

14. TYPES OF COMPUTERS
Personal Computer: A small, single-user computer based on a microprocessor, keyboard, monitor and storage device.
Workstation: A powerful, single use computer just like
personal computer.
Minicomputer: A multi-user computer capable of supporting 10 to hundreds of users simultaneously.
Mainframe: A powerful multi-user computer capable of supporting many hundreds of users simultaneously.
Supercomputers: An extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of millions of instructions per second.

15. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTERS
SPEED
STORAGE
ACCURACY
VERSATILITY
AUTOMATION
DILIGENCE
PRODUCTIVITY
REASONING
ERRORS

16. THANKS
YOU HAVE DONE
SUCCESSFULLY.

17. WELCOME TO
WINDOWS

18. GETTING Started with Windows OBJECTIVES
GETTING Started with Windows OBJECTIVES * Start windows and view the Active Desktop
* Use the mouse
* Start a program
* Move and resize windows
* Use menus, keyboard shortcuts and toolbars
* Use dialog boxes
* Use scroll bars
* Use Windows Help
* Close a program and shut down Windows

19. INTRODUCTION:
Microsoft Windows is an operating system, a computer program or set of instructions that controls how the computer carries out basic tasks such as displaying information on your computer screen and running programs.
Windows helps you save and organize the results of your work as files, which are electronic collections of data. Windows also coordinates the flow of information among the programs, printers, storage devices and other components of your computer system, as well as among other computers on a network.
When you work with Windows, you will notice many icons, small pictures intended to be meaningful symbols of the items they represent.

20. START WINDOWS AND VIEW THE ACTIVE DESKTOP
When you turn on your computer, Windows automatically starts and the Active Desktop appears. The Active Desktop, shown in figure, is where you organize all the information and tools you need to accomplish your computer tasks. You can access, store, share and explore information seamlessly, whether it resides on your computer, a network, or the internet.

21. START WINDOWS AND VIEW THE ACTIVE DESKTOP
The bar at the bottom of your screen is called taskbar, which shows what programs are currently running. You use the start menu, accessed by clicking the Start button at the left end of the taskbar, to perform such tasks as starting programs, finding and opening files, and accessing Windows Help. The Quick Launch Toolbar is next to the Start button; it contains several buttons you can click to start Internet-related programs quickly, and another that you can click to show the desktop when it is not currently visible.

22. USE THE MOUSE
A mouse is a hand-held input or pointing device that you use to interact with
your computer. Input or pointing devices some in many shapes and sizes;
some, like a mouse, are directly attached to your computer with a cable. When
you move the mouse, the mouse pointer on the screen moves in the same
direction. The mouse buttons are used to select icons and commands, which
is how you communicate with the computer.

23. STEPS
Locate the mouse pointer on the desktop, the move the mouse across your
desk or mouse pad.
Watch how the mouse pointer moves on the desktop in response to your
movements; practice moving the mouse pointer.
Position the mouse pointer over the My Computer Icon

24. STEPS Positioning the mouse pointer over an item is called pointing.
With the pointer over the My Computer icon, press and release the left mouse button.
Position the mouse pointer over the My Computer icon, then press and release the right
mouse button.
Click anywhere outside the menu to close the pop-up menu.
Position the mouse pointer over the My Computer icon, then quickly press and release
the left mouse button twice.
Click the Close button in the upper-right corner of the My Computer window.

25. STARTING A PROGRAM
Clicking the Start button on the taskbar opens the Start menu, which lists
submenus for a variety of tasks described in following figure.
Windows comes with several built-in programs, called accessories. Although
not as feature-rich as many programs sold separately, Windows accessories
are useful for completing basic tasks.
STEPS
Click the Start button on
the taskbar
2. Point the Programs
3. Point to Accessories
4. Click WordPad

26. WORDPAD PROGRAM WINDOW

27. MOVING AND RESIZING WINDOWS
One of the powerful features of Windows is the ability to open more
than one window or program at once.
This means, however, that the desktop can get cluttered with the
various programs and files you are using.
You can keep your desktop organized by changing the size of a
window or moving it.
You can do this by clicking the sizing buttons in the upper-right
corner of any window and dragging a corner or border of any window
that does not completely fill the screen.

28. STEPS
* If the WordPad window does not already fill the screen, click the Maximize button.
* Click the Restore button in the WordPad window.
* Drag the title bar on the WordPad window up and to the left.
* In the WordPad window, click the Minimize button.
* Click the WordPad program button on the taskbar to reopen the window.
* Click the Maximize button in the upper-right corner of the WordPad window.

29. USING MENUS AND TOOLBARS
A menu is a list of commands that you use to accomplish certain tasks.
You’ve already used the Start menu to start WordPad.
Each Windows program also has its own set of menus, which are located on
the menu bar under the title bar.
Toolbar buttons offer another method for executing menu commands; instead
of clicking the menu and then the menu command, you simply click the
button for the command.
A toolbar is a set of buttons usually positioned below the menu bar in a
Windows program.
STEPS
* Click the Start button on the taskbar, point to settings, then click Control Panel.
* Click View on the menu bar

31. USING SCROLL BARS
When you can not see all of the items available in a window, scroll bars appear on
the right and/or bottom edges of the Window. Scroll bars allow you to view the
additional contents of the window. When you need to scroll only a short distance,
you can use the scroll arrow. To scroll the window in larger increments, click in the
scroll bar above or below the scroll box.
STEPS
* In the Control Panel window,
drag the lower-right corner of
the dialog box up toward the
upper-left corner until the
scroll bars appear.
* Click the down scroll arrow.
* Click the up scroll arrow.
* Click anywhere in the area
below the scroll box in the
vertical scroll bar.

32. USING SCROLL BARS IN A WINDOW

33. USING WINDOWS HELP
When you have a question about how to do something in Windows,
you can usually find the answer with a few clicks of your mouse.
Windows Help works like a book stored on your computer, with a
table of contents and an index to make finding information easier.
Help provides guidance on many Windows features, including
detailed steps for completing procedures, definitions of terms, lists of
related topics, and search capabilities.

34. STEPS * Click the Start button on the taskbar, then click Help
* Click the Contents tab if it isn’t the front-most tab, click Working with
programs, then view the help categories that are displayed.
* Click Start a Program
* Click the underlined word taskbar,
read the definition, then press [ENTER]
or click anywhere outside the
pop-up window to close it.
* In the left pane, click the
* Index tab.
Search tab.
Favorite tab.
* Click the Close button.

35. CLOSING A PROGRAM AND SHUTTING DOWN WINDOWS
When you are finished working on your computer, you need to make sure you
shut it down properly.
This involves several steps: saving and closing all open files, closing all the
open programs and windows, shutting down windows, and finally, turning off
the computer.
If you turn off the computer while Windows is running, you could lose
important data.
To close programs, you can click the Close button in the window’s upper
right corner or click File on the menu bar and choose either Close or Exit.
To shut down Windows after all your files and programs are closed, click Shut
Down from the Start menu, then select the desired option from the Shut Down
dialog box, shown in figure.

36. STEPS
* In the Control Panel window, click the Close button in the upper-right corner
of the window.
* Click File on the Word Pad menu bar, then click Exit.
* If you see a message asking you to save changes to the documents, click
Yes or No.
* Click the Start button on the taskbar, then click Shut Down.
* Click the what do you want to computer do? List arrow
* Click Shut Down, then click OK.

37. WITH PROGRAMS, FILES, AND FOLDERS
WORKING
WITH PROGRAMS, FILES, AND FOLDERS
OBJECTIVES
* Create and save a WordPad document
* Open, edit and save an existing Paint file
* Work with multiple programs
* Understand file management
* View files and create folders with My Computer
* Move and copy files with My Computer
* Manage files with Windows Explorer
* Delete and restore files
* Create a shortcut on the desktop

38. CREATING AND SAVING A WORDPAD DOCUMENT
As with most programs, when you start WordPad a new, blank
document or file opens.
To create a new file, such as a memo, you simply begin typing. Your
work is automatically stored in your computer’s random access
memory (RAM) until you turn off your computer, at which point
anything stored in the computer’s RAM is erased.
To store your work permanently, you must save your work as a file
on a disk.
You can save files either on an internal hard disk, which is built into
Your computer, usually the C: drive, or on a floppy disk.

39. STEPS
Click the Start button on the taskbar, point to Programs, point to Accessories, click
WordPad, then click the Maximize button if the window does not fill your screen.
Type Memo, then press [Enter]
Press Enter again, then type the
remaining text shown in figure,
pressing Enter at the end of
each line.
Click to the left of the word
Memo, drag the mouse to the
right to highlight the word,
then release the mouse button.
Click the Bold button on the
formatting toolbar.
Click the Font Size list arrow,
then click 16 in the list.

40. Click File on the menu bar, then click Save (Specify the location).
Click the text in the File Name text box, type Memo, then click Save.

41. OPENING, EDITING, AND SAVING AN EXISTING PAINT FILE
Sometimes you create files from scratch, but often you may want to use a file
you or someone else has already created; to do so, you need to open the file.
One you open a file, you can edit it, or make changes to it, such as adding or
deleting text.
After editing a file, you can
save it with the same filename,
which means that you no
longer will have the file in its
original form, or you can save
it with a different filename,
so that the original file
remains unchanged.

42. STEPS
Click the Start button on the taskbar, point to programs, point to
Accessories, click Paint, then click the Maximize button if the window
doesn’t fill the screen.
Click File on the menu bar, then click Open.
Click the Look in list arrow, then click C: drive.
Click the file and then click Open.
Click the file on the menu bar, then click Save As.
Make some changes in the tool box.
Click the file on the menu bar, then click save.

43. PAINT TOOL BOX BUTTONS

44. WORKING WITH MULTIPLE PROGRAMS
A powerful feature of Windows is its capability to run more than one program
at a time. For example, you might be working with a document in WordPad
and want to search the Internet to find the answer to a question. You can
start your browser, a program designed to access information on the
Internet, without closing WordPad.

45. VIEWING FILES AND CREATING FOLDERS WITH MY COMPUTER
My Computer shows the contents of your computer, including files, folders,
programs, disk drives, and printers.
You can click the icons representing these various parts of your computer to
view their contents or properties.
You can manage your files using My Computer menu bar and toolbar.

46. MOVING AND COPYING FILES WITH MY COMPUTER
You can move a file or folder from one location to another using a variety of
methods in My Computer or Windows Explorer.
If the file or folder and the location to which you want to move it are both
visible on the desktop, you can simply drag the item from one location to the
other. You can also use the cut, copy, and paste commands on the Editmenu.

47. MANAGING FILES WITH WINDOWS EXPLORER
As with My Computer, you can use Windows Explorer to copy, move, delete,
and rename the files and folders. However, Windows Explorer is more
powerful than My Computer: it allows you to see the overall structure of the
contents of your computer or network, while you work with individual files
and folders within that structure. This means you can work with more than
one computer, folder, or file at once.

48. DELETING AND RESTORING FILES
To save disk space and manage your files more effectively, you should
delete or remove files you no longer need. Because files deleted from your
hard drive are stored in the Recycle Bin until you remove them permanently
by emptying the Recycle Bin, you can restore any files you might have
deleted accidentally. However, if you delete a file from your floppy drive it will
not be stored in the Recycle Bin-it will be permanently deleted.

49. STEPS
Click the Restore button on the Windows Explorer title bar.
If necessary, scroll until you see the folder in the right pane of Windows
Explorer.
Drag the Folder from the right pane to the Recycle Bin on the desktop.
Double-click the Recycle Bin icon on the Desktop.
Click Edit on the Recycle Bin menu bar, then click Undo Delete.
Click the folder in the right pane, click the Delete button on the Windows
Explorer toolbar then click, Yes.
Close the Recycle Bin.

50. METHODS FOR DELETING AND
RESTORING FILES

51. CREATING A SHORTCUT ON THE DESKTOP
When you frequently use a file, folder, or program that is located several
levels down in the file hierarchy, you may want to create a shortcut to the
object. You can place the shortcut on the desktop or in any other location,
such as a folder, that you find convenient. To open the file, folder, or
program using the shortcut, double-click the icon.

52. STEPS
In the left pane of the Windows Explorer window, click the Brochure folder.
In the right pane, right-click the Memo file.
Click Create Shortcut in the pop-up menu.
Click the Shortcut to Memo file with right-mouse button, then drag the
shortcut to an empty area of the desktop.
Click Move Here in the pop-up menu.
Double-click the Shortcut to Memo file icon.
Click the Close button in the WordPad or Word title bar.
On the desktop, click the
Shortcut to Memo file,
press [Delete], then
click Yes to confirm
the deletion.
Close all windows.

53. THANKS
YOU HAVE DONE
SUCCESSFULLY.