1. Plants Characteristics
There are two main types of plants, non-vascular and vascular
Eukaryote Cell Type
Domain Eukarya and Plantae Kingdom
Multi-cellular and have Cell Wall
Autotrophs-Make their own food
Photosynthesis 6CO2+6H2O+sunlight ->C6H12O6 +6O2

2. Non vascular plants
Do not have vascular tissue to carry the nutrients and water throughout the plant
They must live in water or moist surroundings
They are usually small and grow close to the ground
No Roots
Ex. Mosses, hornworts and liverworts are examples of nonvascular plants

3. copyright cmassengale
Nonvascular Plants
Includes mosses (Bryophyta), liverworts (Hepatophyta), and hornworts (Antherophyta)
Liverworts
Hornworts
copyright cmassengale

4. Vascular plants
Vascular tissue is small tubes inside the plant that transport food and water through the plant
two types of vascular tissue: phloem and xylem
Xylem moves water
Phloem moves nutrients (aka Food) produced by photosynthesis down from the leaves to the rest of the plant

5. copyright cmassengale

6. Seed-Producing Vascular Plants
Includes two groups – Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
Gymnosperms have naked seeds in cones
Angiosperms have flowers that produce seeds
copyright cmassengale

7. copyright cmassengale
Gymnosperms
The oldest living plant – Bristle cone pine
The tallest living plant – Sequoia or redwood
Cycad
Ginkgo
copyright cmassengale

8. Examples of vascular plants: sequoia tree (Sequoiadendron giganteum)

9. Gymnosperms (Naked Seed)
Plants that do not have flowers are called Gymnosperms
Conifers, ginkgos and cycads are examples of Gymnosperms

10. Plants that have flowers are called Angiosperms

11. copyright cmassengale
Angiosperms
Flowering plants
Seeds are formed when an egg or ovule is fertilized by pollen in the ovary
Ovary is within a flower
Flower contains the male (stamen) and/or female (ovaries) parts of the plant
Fruits are frequently produced from these ripened ovaries (help disperse seeds)
copyright cmassengale

12. Flowers have male and female parts
The male part is called the stamen
The stamen is made of the anther and the filament
The anther produces pollen

13. Fertilization and Importance
Pollen is sometimes spread by birds, bats, insects or wind
All living things on Earth are dependent on plants for their existence.
We depend on them for food and for oxygen

14. Subdivided into two groups –
Angiosperms
Subdivided into two groups –
Monocots and Dicots
Monocots have a single seed cotyledon
Dicots have two seed cotyledons
Parts of
the Seed
copyright cmassengale

15. copyright cmassengale
Monocots and Dicots
copyright cmassengale

16. Tropism = a plant’s growth response toward or away from a stimulus.
Plant Adaptations
Tropism = a plant’s growth response toward or away from a stimulus.
* Positive tropism is when it grows toward a stimulus.
* Negative is when it grows away from it.
* Stimuli can be light, touch, and even gravity.
- Touch (thigmotropism) [vines coil around anything they touch.]
- Light (phototropism)
[leaves, stems, etc, grow toward light.]
- Gravity (geotropism)
(Positive) roots grow toward gravity’s pull
(Negative) stems grow away from its pull

17. copyright cmassengale
Thigmotropism Geotropism
Phototropism
copyright cmassengale

18. copyright cmassengale
video
copyright cmassengale

19. LAB ACTIVITY: Celery Lab
copyright cmassengale

20. Review Plant Parts Online Activity
copyright cmassengale

21. Bee

22. Hummingbird

23. All living things on Earth are dependent on plants for their existence.
We depend on them for food and for oxygen

24. Plants

25. All plants are multicellular
All plants are eukaryotes
All plants have a cell wall

26. All plants are autotrophs
They produce energy through the process called photosynthesis
The formula for photosynthesis is:

27. Plant Characteristics
Multicellular
eukaryotes
Autotrophic (photosynthesis)
Surrounded by cell walls containing cellulose (polysaccharide)
Store reserve food as amylose (starch)
copyright cmassengale

28. Parts of The Plant
Roots
Leaves
Stem
Flower
Seed

29. Plants have three main organs

30. Leaves
The leaves function is to capture sunlight and perform photosynthesis

31. Stems
The stems function is to support the plant and provide a place through which water and nutrients move

32. Roots
The roots anchor the plant to the soil and absorb water and nutrients from the soil

33. Root Functions Absorption of water and nutrients
Roots have 4 primary functions
Absorption of water and nutrients
performed by root hairs
Transportation of water and nutrients to stem
Anchor plant to maintain stability
Store food and water

34. Important Functions of Leaves
Photosynthesis
Process that plants use to produce their food
6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2
Transpiration
Loss of water and exchange of carbon dioxide

35. Functions of the Stem
Transport water and nutrients from roots to leaves
Supports leaves, fruit, and flowers
Food storage

36. copyright cmassengale
Plant Divisions
copyright cmassengale

37. Nonvascular Plants
Do not have vascular tissue for support or conduction of materials
Require a constantly moist environment
Sporophyte stage
Gametophyte Stage
Moss Gametophytes & Sporophytes
copyright cmassengale

38. copyright cmassengale
Nonvascular Plants
Plants can’t grow as tall
Cells must be in direct contact with moisture
Materials move by diffusion cell-to-cell
Sperm must swim to egg through water droplets
copyright cmassengale

39. copyright cmassengale
Plant Divisions
Plants are divided into two groups
Based on the presence or absence of an internal transport system for water and dissolved materials
Called Vascular System
Vascular Bundles
copyright cmassengale

40. copyright cmassengale
Vascular System
Xylem tissue carries water and minerals upward from the roots
Phloem tissue carries sugars made by photosynthesis from the leaves to where they will be stored or used
copyright cmassengale

41. Examples of vascular plants Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera)

42. Conifers
Giant sequoia
Gingko

43. copyright cmassengale

44. copyright cmassengale

45. The female part is called the pistil
It is made of the stigma, style and the ovary
Inside the ovary are ovules
which when fertilized, will mature
into seeds

47. copyright cmassengale
Plant Uses
copyright cmassengale

48. Why We Can’t do Without Plants!
Produce oxygen for the atmosphere
Produce lumber for building
Provide homes and food for many organisms
Prevent erosion
Used for food
copyright cmassengale

49. More Reasons We Can’t do Without Plants!
Produce wood pulp for paper products
Source of many medicines
Ornamental and shade for yards
Fibers such as cotton for fabric
Dyes
copyright cmassengale

50. Plant Adaptations to Land
Solutions:
Roots absorb H2O & minerals
Lignin & cellulose in cell walls
Vascular Transport System
Waxy cuticle & stomata with guard cells
Pollen containing sperm
Problems:
Need minerals
Gravity
Increase in Height for Light
Adaptations for Drier environment
Reproduction
copyright cmassengale

51. copyright cmassengale
EXIT TICKET
copyright cmassengale