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Simplified Femto-satellite Operations for Disaster Mangement Missions

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Presentation on theme: "Simplified Femto-satellite Operations for Disaster Mangement Missions"— Presentation transcript:

1 Simplified Femto-satellite Operations for Disaster Mangement Missions
Joshua Tristancho UPC Barcelona Tech - SPAIN Jordi L. Gutiérrez Applied Physics department (UPC) October 3rd, 2012 63rd International Astronautical Congress, Naples, Italy. 10IAC-12-B4.3.12

2 Simplified method for femtosat Simulation of a mission Conclusions
Index Introduction Task analysis for DM Simplified method for femtosat Simulation of a mission Conclusions License: Team FREDNET Creative Commons Index

3 Introduction (I) – Space Payload Paradigm
Femto-Satellite: New technological limit (<100 grams) The lower the satellite mass, the lower the launcher size and so, the lower the cost. Swarms. Constellations Very-Low Earth Orbit, short mission life (few weeks) and more reusable orbits 1. Introduction

4 Introduction (II) – Femto-satellite specs.
Minimal number of subsystems: High gain and sensitivity modem Microstrip antenna Attitude control (Magnetorquers) High resolution payload camera Passive thermal control Electrical power management Payload separated from the satellite LiPoly battery source High accuracy attitude and position determination Optimized on-board computer (Arduino like) TECHNOLOGIES - Use of MEMS - SMD technology - High G load tolerant Femto-satellite protoype without battery.(Less than 8 grams) Source: 1. Introduction

5 Types of disasters that a femto-satellite can address:
Introduction (III) Types of disasters that a femto-satellite can address: Earthquake Changes in the first week Tsunami Short duration (Except Drought) Drought Tens of meters per pixel Cyclone Not very high resolution Fire Flood Landslide Volcano 1. Introduction

6 The emergency cycle by Lew Sian
Introduction (IV) The emergency cycle by Lew Sian Many launch stations aruound the world in the Preparedness phase Femto-satellites will be used mainly in the Response phase. First hours are critical for the first responders 1. Introduction

7 LEO satellite tasks for Disaster Management
Earth Observation Acquire images from the Disaster Area Send this images to Decision Makers Data Relay Provide basic communications to First Responders 2. Task analysis for DM

8 Initial hypotheses (I)
Use of femto-satellite swarm dedicated a single mission Each femto-satellite will perform a revisit every day Aerodynamic drag - Femto-satellite life 1 or 2 weeks Femto-satellite horizon is about 2,000 km (Very-LEO) Femto-satellite transit could have an angle (Corrections) 2. Task analysis for DM

9 Initial hypotheses (II)
Limited energy – Only use energy when Recording Communications Attitude corrections No solar panels to recharge the battery – Energy budget 2. Task analysis for DM

10 Initial hypotheses (III)
High power wireless modem. No huge ground station required Two download modes: Slow long range: 200 km footprint Fast short range: 50 km footprint Information is not encrypted (Global interest) 2. Task analysis for DM

11 Interest Point = First Responders Ground Stations = Decision Makers
Agents Interest Point = First Responders Ground Stations = Decision Makers Simplified List: First coordinate point is the Disaster Area Epicenter The rest of coordinate points are Ground Stations 2. Task analysis for DM

12 Ground Station policy (I)
No priority between Ground Stations Nearest Ground Station will be kept until it is lost A change between station is a waste of time Ground Stations closer than 1,000 km between them are useless Ground Stations near the Disaster area are useless. The priority is for the First Responders 2. Task analysis for DM

13 Ground Station policy (II)
The less number of Ground Stations the higher life due to both Battery duration (No solar panels) and in-orbit time (Aerodynamic drag) Share the info through a single agency i.e. UN-SPIDER Less femto-satellite consumption Larger life 2. Task analysis for DM

14 The Simplified Method (I)
List of coordinates (Up to eight coordinates) First coordinate is the Interest Point and it has absolute priority. First Responder are there by definition The rest of coordinates are ground stations without priority. Decision Makers or other agents 3. Simplified method for femtosat

15 The Simplified Method (II)
Aerodynamic attitude only abandoned when a coordinate should be follow The femto-satellite broadcast the information when there is a coordinate to follow (200 km footprint) It tries to establish a fast download (50 km footprint) If succeeds, a new coordinate list could be uploaded by the Ground Station if password is provided 3. Simplified method for femtosat

16 The Simplified Method (III)
The femto-satellite always follows the same Ground Station until it is not in view, then follows the nearest Ground Station if not, aerodynamic attitude is kept The only exception to the previous statement is when the Interest Point coordinate appears; then aerodynamic attitude or previous coordinate is abandoned It is possible to acquire and establish a link at the same time when First Responder has a Wireless equipment that works as a Ground Station (Optimum case) 3. Simplified method for femtosat

17 The case of Sri Lanka – Tsunami impact (I)
00:58:53, 26 Dec 2004 (UTC) Magnitude 9.1 to 9.3 Mw Epicenter N, E Depth 30 km (19 mi) 250,000 deaths 4. Simulation of a mission

18 The case of Sri Lanka – Tsunami impact (II)
4. Simulation of a mission

19 The case of Sri Lanka – Tsunami impact (II)
4. Simulation of a mission

20 The case of Sri Lanka – Tsunami impact (II)
4. Simulation of a mission

21 The case of Sri Lanka – Tsunami impact (III)
A single femto-satellite launched few hours after the disaster Coordinate List based on two points Matara (Sri Lanka) Mas Palomas (Spain) 4. Simulation of a mission

22 The case of Sri Lanka – Tsunami impact (IV)
Femto-satellite provides coverage during 8 days 4. Simulation of a mission

23 The case of Sri Lanka – Tsunami impact (V)
2 h and 24 minutes after, First Responders have images 4. Simulation of a mission

24 The case of Sri Lanka – Tsunami impact (VI)
8 contacts with First Responders (One every day) 30 contacts with Mas Palomas Ground Station 4. Simulation of a mission

25 Conclusions Following the Space Payload Paradigm, swarm of femto-satellites will be sent with a low-cost. It will be feasible thanks to a huge reduction of mass through a simple design and operation Space responsive femto-satellites will be dedicated to Disaster Management (DM) mainly in the Responsive phase. First hours are critical for the First Responders Real-time pictures are sent to the First Responders via wireless. No large infrastructure is required The operation of each femto-satellite is simplified using a List of Coordinates. The first is the Interest Point. The rest are scheduled downloads for Decision Makers or others agents 5. Conclusions

26 Thanks for your attention!
This work has been supported by the MITYC under the contract reference TSI as a part of the grant AVANZA competitividad I+D+I 2010 26


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