1. Chapter 29 & 30

2.  Recognize different pronoun types  Develop sentences with correct pronoun agreement

3.  Writers often use pronouns to take the place of nouns.  If you do this, you must be certain that each pronoun agrees with the noun it refers to.  Example: – The photographs meant a great deal to him because they belonged to his grandmother. – [Photographs is the antecedent of they, which is third person plural.]

4. Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement Pronouns and antecedents must person and number. agree in person and number. Error in Person: If a person wants to become a portrait photographer, you must have the proper equipment for lighting. equipment for lighting. Revised: If a person wants to become a photographer, he must have the proper equipment for lighting.

5. Pronouns and antecedents must agree in person and number. Error in Number: When a student videotapes a sporting event, they often miss some of the action. Revised: When a student videotapes a sporting event, he often misses some of the action.

6.  Avoid sexism – Be consistent in use of gender. – Avoid sexist pronouns.  To avoid sexism, use alternatives to the generic he. – Use masculine and feminine pronouns together. – Revise the sentence by using the plural. – Reconstruct to eliminate the pronoun.  Avoid sexism – Be consistent in use of gender. – Avoid sexist pronouns.  To avoid sexism, use alternatives to the generic he. – Use masculine and feminine pronouns together. – Revise the sentence by using the plural. – Reconstruct to eliminate the pronoun.

8.  If a pronoun does not refer to a specific word, it may be unclear. ◦ Example:  Mark told Todd that he needed to buy film.  Did Mark or Todd need to buy film?

9.  If a pronoun does not refer to a specific word, it may be unclear. ◦ Example:  The editor told the staff members not to mail the photographs because they were too important.  What does they refer too?

11.  3. Compound antecedents require a plural pronoun  The zoom lens and the wide-angle lens require special situations for their use.

12.  Incorrect:  Anyone can be successful in school if they make the right choices.  Revision: ◦ Anyone can be successful in school if she makes the right choices. Or ◦ Students can be successful in school if they make the right choices.

13.  Incorrect:  Students should copy the material that the instructor writes on the board, and you should review these notes within 24 hours.  The subject shifts to you when the subject was students.  Revision: ◦ Students should copy the material that the instructor writes on the board, and they should review these notes within 24 hours.

14.  Incorrect:  Jamie dropped the heavy camera on her foot and broke it.  Did the camera break or did her foot?  Revision ◦ The camera broke when Jamie dropped it on her foot.

15. Let’s take a look at three types of pronouns:  Subject and Object Pronouns  Possessive Pronouns  Demonstrative Pronouns

16. Copyright © Concorde Career Colleges 2013-2014. All Rights Reserved. Iyou he, she, it wethey me you (no change) him, her, it us them Subject Pronouns are the subjects of verbs. Object Pronouns are the objects of verbs or prepositions.

17. ... are the subjects of verbs. Examples: I am about to leave. You shouldn’t do that. She told you so. We agree with her. They do, too. There are a few rules to keep in mind about subject pronouns: subject pronoun more than one subject Rule 1: Use a subject pronoun in spots where you have more than one subject....

18. Rule 1: Use a subject pronoun in spots where you have more than one subject....Incorrect: My sister and me are about to go to Spain. Correct: My sister and I are about to go to Spain.  Hint:  Separate the pronouns. You wouldn’t say, “Me am about to go to Spain.” Would you?

19. Rule 2: Use a subject pronoun after forms of the verb “be.” Incorrect: It is him. Correct: It is he.  Hint:  Reword the sentence:  He is here.

20. Rule 3: Use a subject pronoun after than or as. Incorrect: We don’t need as much attention as them. Correct: We don’t need as much attention as they.  Hint:  Mentally add the “missing” verb at the end: We don’t need as much attention as they (do).

21. ...are the objects of verbs or prepositions. Incorrect: I loaned ten dollars to his wife and he. The pronoun here is the object of the preposition “to.” Correct: I loaned ten dollars to his wife and him.  Hint:  Try the pronoun by itself:  I loaned ten dollars to him.

22. ... show ownership or possession.  Here’s a list of Possessive Pronouns: my, mineour, oursyour, yours histheir, theirs her, hers its Note: A possessive pronoun NEVER uses an apostrophe

23.  Incorrect:  That BMW is hers’.  Correct:  That BMW is hers.  Note: A possessive pronoun NEVER uses an apostrophe

24. ... point to or single out a person or thing. There are four Demonstrative Pronouns: thisthese thatthose Rules of thumb: This and these refer to things close at hand. That and those refer to things farther away.