1. Portable Power Tools Unit 14 Page 180

2. Introduction
Portable Power Tool: A tool that can be held in the operators hands, but is not hand powered.
Four common sources of power.
Battery
Electricity
Pneumatic
There are advantages and disadvantages for each type of power source.
Engine

3. 1. Electrical Power Very popular Usually use 120 V, 1ø power
Disadvantages
Must stay connected to power cord.
Hazards of electricity
Advantages
Unlimited power
Many different types of tools.
Extension cord must be proper size and in good condition.

4. 2. Pneumatic Becoming more popular where compressed air is available.
Disadvantages
Air must be clean and dry.
A blast of high pressure air can embed objects in the skin or eyes.
Air hose more difficult to manage than electric cord.
Advantages
Smaller dimensions for torque produced
Torque easily adjusted (changing pressure)
Popular in hazardous environments
All common tools can be air driven.
Drills
Ratchet drives
Sanders

5. 3. Battery
New technology in batteries has made battery powered tools the first choice for most professionals.
Advantages
Portability
Sealed unit
No electrical circuit hazards.
Can be used with a wider variety of tools when compared to pneumatic.
Disadvantages
May be less torque
Must have a charged battery to use.
Batteries can have a short useable life and are expensive to replace.

6. 4. Engine
Popularity is gaining with the resent invention of lighter weigh engines.
The elimination of 2-cycle engines will require a redesign.
Advantages
Portability
No air hose
No extension cords
No battery
Disadvantages
Must be used in open environment.
Disadvantage of engine maintenance.
Safety concerns of gas engines.
Usually only large sizes.

7. Portable Power Tool Safety
Use GFCI protected circuit.
Use three-wire electrical source if tool housing is metal or partially metal and not double insulated.
Insure blades, bits, and other cutting devices are clean and sharp
Support work carefully
Keep all tools clean and free of dirt.
Keep tool vent holes clean.
Wear appropriate personal protection
Avoid or use extra care when working in wet areas
Do not force tools to work.
Hold power tool firmly and insure your have control at all times.
If the condition of the tool is in doubt, do not use.
Announce to co-workers before starting a tool.
Lay tool down correctly
Take any faulty tools out of use and insure they are fixed before returning.

8. Nail Guns Popular because they are fast and efficient. Four types
Produce enough force to drive inch nail into dense wood.
Accelerate nail to 1,000 feet per second.
Four types
Brad
Framing
Finishing
Staple
Power
Pneumatic
Electric
Fuel cell
Fasteners
1/4 inch brad and staples up to 4 inch nails.

9. Portable Drills Size Construction Options
Size based on capacity of chuck
Wattage difference within chuck size
Common sizes are 1/4, 3/8, 1/2 & 3/4 inch
Construction
Case will be metal, non-metallic or a combination.
Wide variety
Options
Variable speed
Reversing
Extra handle
Hammer action
Torque clutch
Depth stop
Drill press attachment
Keyless chuck
Screw chuck

10. Portable Drill-cont. Use many different types of bits.,
Drill holes and slots
Use to drive screws
Sanding disc and wire wheels can be used.
Must be careful to not exceed the duty cycle
Always center punch location of hole.
Drill pilot hole before using a large drill bit.

11. Portable Drill Safety Inspect bit before using
Tight chuck using more that one hole
Center punch metal before starting to drill
Hold material securely
Do not exceed rpm of bit
Use even pressure
Ease off pressure when drill starts to break through
Don’t bind the drill bit
Stand in a balanced position
Remove the drill from the chuck when finished
Store portable drill and bits in case or designated storage rack.

12. Sander
Three common types
Belt
Disc
Pad

13. Sander-cont.
Portable power sanders to the same job as hand sanding--just faster.
Normally sand with the grain
Exceptions
Uneven boards
Rough surface
Removing difficult finishes
Different grit paper available
Coarse grit = rapid sanding, rough surface
Fine grit = slow sanding, smooth surface

14. Belt Sander Very versatile Some belts are not bi-directional.
Popular for rough sanding because of aggressive action with coarse belts.
Can produce smooth finish with fine belt.
Some belts are not bi-directional.
Dust collection system highly recommenced.

15. Belt Sander Safety Wear appropriate PPE Check cords and switches
Install appropriate belt for the desired cutting action and finish
Lay sander on side when not in use
Empty dust bag frequently
Always start sander above the surface
Use two hands at all times
Keep machine in motion
Lift off material while still running
Never sand on the drums

16. Disc Sander Several tools with this right angle design look the same.
Machine can use sanding disc, grinding wheel and wire brush interchangeably.
Must follow manufacturer's recommendation for use.
Switch Lock
Power Cord
Motor Housing
Tool Rest
Handle
Sanding
Wheel
Switch
Vents
Sanding
Disc
Handle
Guard
Several tools with this right angle design look the same.
Some are sanders, some are sanders/grinders and some are grinders.
Big difference in construction
Grinders are much heavier construction.

17. Disc Sander Safety
Select the sanding wheel appropriate for the material being sanded.
Aluminum oxide = wood or metal
Flint paper = wood only
Use the appropriate guard
Wear appropriate PPE.
Grip machine firmly in both hands before starting
Do not force the machine to work
Lay the machine on the tool rest, not the disc.
Be aware of, and plan for the direction of material being discharged by the wheel.
Hold small pieces in a vise.

18. Disc Grinder Safety Wear face shield plus safety glasses.
Check grinding wheel for cracks before using
Only use wheel designed for that machine.
Never use grinding wheel that is less than 1/2 original diameter.
Secure small pieces in a vise
Do grind near combustibles
Hold the machine with both hands at all times.
Always be aware of were the discharged sparks and grit is going.

19. Pad (Finishing) Sander
Switch Lock
Handle
Motor Housing
Power
Cord
Handle
Switch
Paper
Clamp
Paper
Clamp
Sand
Paper
Pad
Multiple pad movements possible.
Reciprocating
Circular
Orbital
Random
Slower cutting

20. Pad Sander Safety Use appropriate PPE. Use correct size of paper.
Disconnect power when changing paper.
Only use light pressure when sanding

21. Portable Saws Portable saws can be divided into three categories.
Sabre
Reciprocating
Circular

22. Sabre Saws A compact saw that is very useful for cutting curves.
Designed for wood, but will cut thin metal.
Blade uses reciprocating motion.
Can be used for blind cuts.
Base may tilt for cutting bevels.
Switch
Handle
Power
Cord
Motor
Housing
Blade
Retention
Screw
Base Tilt
Lock
Base
Blade
Toe

23. Sabre Saw Safety Wear appropriate PPE Select correct blade for job.
Width of blade determines minimum radius
Secure material being cut
Let saw determine feed rate.
Must maintain downward pressure on the saw when cutting.

24. Reciprocating Saw Motor Housing
Usually heavier duty that the sabre saw.
Longer stroke on the blade.
Many different types of blades.
Designed for wood and metal.
Switch
Shoe
Switch
Lock
Handle
Cord
Blade
Blade
Retention
Screw
Vents
Does not cut as precise as sabre saw.
May be multiple speed.
Can be used to make a blind cut.
Very popular for demolition work.

25. Reciprocating Saw Safety
Wear appropriate PPE.
Select the correct blade for the job.
Select the correct speed.
Be careful not to bind, pinch or crowd the blade.
Hold the shoe against the work at all times.
Do not wear loose fitting clothing.

26. Circular Saw Most popular saw for carpentry work.
Different size and types of blades are available.
Can be used for wood and metal.
Available in direct mount, right and left hand and worm drive.

27. Circular Saw Safety Wear appropriate PPE.
Use face shield + safety glasses
Use blade appropriate for work.
Support work correctly.
Disconnect the power when adjusting the saw.
Adjust blade for depth so that only 1/4 inch or the depth of one tooth extends through the work.
Hold saw in both hands.
Start the saw before contacting work.
If the saw stalls, back out of kerf.
Watch the line ahead of the saw.
Near the end of the cut reduce the pressure.
For ripping use the ripping guide attachment or clamp a straight edge to the work.

28. Circular Saw Capacity
Capacity of portable circular saws at 45 degree bevel and straight.

29. Router
Routers are used for specialized jobs such as ornamental shapes, rabbets, dadoes, hinges, etc.
Router bits turn at high speeds.
May have several attachments.
Must use guide to complete straight cuts.
May be mounted on a table.
Cord
Switch
Depth of Cut
Adjustment
Depth of cut
Scale
Handle
Collet
Base

30. Router Safety Wear appropriate PPE. Secure work.
Insure router is unplugged before installing bit or setting depth adjustment.
Always inspect bit for condition and sharpness.
Install the appropriate bit.
Insure bit shank is fully inserted into collet.
Carefully set depth of cut.
Set base squarely on work.
Always use both handles
Feed router into work at correct speed.

31. Questions