1. The Male Reproductive System
REMEMBER from Genetics?...
 sperm (gamete) + egg (gamete)   zygote
testosterone - male sex hormone produced by the interstitial cells of the testes.
Testosterone  stimulates spermatogenesis
spermatogenesis - process by which spermatogonia divide and differentiate into mature sperm cells (meiosis)
gonatotropic hormones - hormones produced by the pituitary gland that regulate the functions of the testes
in males and the ovaries in females.
LH luteinizing hormone
FSH follicle stimulating hormone
fertilization

2. The Male Reproductive System

3. The Male Reproductive System

4. The Male Reproductive System
Gonadotropic hormones: Made by pituitary gland
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - in males, hormone that increases sperm production.
luteinizing hormone (LH) - in males, hormone that regulates the production of testosterone.
gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) - chemical messenger from the hypothalamus that stimulates secretions of FSH and LH from the pituitary.

5. The Male Reproductive System
High levels of testosterone
Detected by hypothalamus,
Negative feedback
Inhibits LH production by
Stopping release of GnRH
Inhibin produced by
Sertoli cells,
Feeds back to pituitary and
Hypothalamus (not well
understood)
LH stimulates interstitial
Cells to produce
Testosterone.
Testosterone increases
Sperm production

6. The Female Reproductive System
Ovaries produce progesterone
And estrogen

7. The Female Reproductive System

8. The Female Reproductive System
follicles - structures in the ovary that contain the egg and secrete estrogen
Primary oocyte matures into ovum (egg)
Granulosa cells provide nutrients for oocyte
ovulation - release of the egg from the follicle held within the ovary.
corpus luteum - a mass of follicle cells that forms within the ovary after ovulation; secretes estrogen and 
progesterone.

9. The Female Reproductive System
Ovarian hormones:
estrogen - female sex hormone that activates the development of female secondary sex characteristics, 
including development of the breasts and body hair, and 
increased thickening of the endometrium (lining of 
uterus).
progesterone - female sex hormone produced by the ovaries that maintains uterine lining during pregnancy.

10. The Female Reproductive System

11. The Female Reproductive System
Estrogen secreted, increases
Lining of endometrium

12. The Female Reproductive System
Gonadotropic Hormones:
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - in females, a gonadotropin that promotes the development of the 
follicles in the ovary.
luteinizing hormone (LH) - in females, a gonadotropin 
that promotes ovulation and the formation of the corpus 
luteum.