1. SPONGE
Look back in your notes from Thursday. Please write a paragraph describing what Darwin learned from the animals that he observed on his voyage. (Think adaptations and variations)
What are adaptations?
Is a physical difference in ONE individual in a group an adaptation or a variation?

2. OBJECTIVE
Today we will create a double bubble map comparing and contrasting the homologous structures of a bird vs. a whale.

3. Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 19
Topic: 10.4 Theory of Evidence of Evolution
Essential Question:
How can a bat’s wing be considered a homologous structure AND an analogous structure?
10.4 Evidence of Evolution
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
How can a bat’s wing be considered a homologous structure AND an analogous structure?

4. Why is this important?
Understanding that structural patterns are clues to the history of a species is important because some of Darwin’s best evidence for evolution came from comparing the body parts of different species.

5. 8.d- Students know reproductive or
STANDARDS
8.d- Students know reproductive or
geographic isolation affects speciation
7.3c- Students know how independent lines of evidence from geology, fossils, and comparative anatomy provide the bases for the theory of evolution

6. KEY CONCEPT Evidence of common ancestry among species comes from many sources.

7. Evidence of Evolution:
1. Fossils- are the preserved remains of animals, plants, and other organisms from the past.

8. Fossils in older layers are more primitive (simple) than those in the upper layers
Evidence for change over time
The fossil record supports Darwin’s concept of Decent with modification

9. Specific conditions are needed for fossilization.
Only a tiny percentage of living things became fossils.

10. Relative dating estimates the time during which an organism lived.
It compares the placement of fossils in layers of rock.
Scientists infer the order in which species existed.

11. Fossil evidence of evolution of Hominid Skull
The term "hominid" may refer to "humans and relatives of humans closer than chimpanzees".[2]
In this usage, all hominid species other than Homo sapiens are extinct

12. 2. Geography:
Darwin saw that island finches looked like, but were not identical to, species on the S. American Continent
Different ecosystems, favored different traits

14. 3. Embryology (study of embryos):
The similar features of embryos in very different organisms suggests evolution from a distant common ancestor
Anatomy of an embryo e

15. Darwin studied the embryos of crabs and barnacles:
identical larvae, but different adult body forms
similar embryos, but look and behave very differently
Larva
Adult barnacle
Adult crab

16. Look for the similarities of the embryos

18. 4. Anatomy:
Some of Darwin’s best evidence came from comparing body parts of different species
Homologous structures are similar in structure but different in function

19. The similarities in anatomy in different species offers strong evidence for a common ancestry
It would be unlikely for many species to have such similar anatomy if each species evolved separately.

22. Homologous Structures:
1. Identify each animals’ anatomical structure (by coloring like bones the same color)
2. Identify each animals anatomical function

23. Homologous Structures:
All have a similar structure (the bones are similar), but their functions are different. (Some for walking, some for flying, some for swimming)

24. Studying, anatomy gives us clues to the history of a species
Vestigial Structures: Are remnants of organs or structures that had a function in an early ancestor

26. Points to Ponder
Compare these wings.
They are both used to _______
Are the structures the same?

27. Points to Ponder
Suppose two organisms have similar needs caused by the environment, for example two different organisms needing to fly…
Both can develop similar adaptations using different body parts (analogous structures)

28. Analogous structures have a similar function, but are NOT similar in origin
Analogous structures are NOT evidence of a common ancestor!!!!!!

29. **Identify each animals’ anatomical structure vs. function

30. Chitin
Bone and Skin
Chitin
Bone and feathers
**Identify each animals’ anatomical structure vs. function
All function the same way (they are all used for flying), but their structures are different

31. Evidence for evolution in Darwin’s time came from several sources
SPONGE
Please open your study guides to page 105 and complete it.
For those of you who forgot it….
Geography:
Fossils:
Give examples of each
Evidence for evolution in Darwin’s time came from several sources
Anatomy:
Embryology: